A hybrid heuristic strategy for liquefied natural gas inventory routing

As liquefied natural gas (LNG) steadily grows to be a common mode for commercializing natural gas, LNG supply chain optimization is becoming a key technology for gas companies to maintain competitiveness. This paper develops methods for improving the solutions for a previously stated form of an LNG inventory routing problem (LNG-IRP). Motivated by the poor performance of a Dantzig-Wolfe-based decomposition approach for exact solutions, we develop a suite of advanced heuristic techniques and propose a hybrid heuristic strategy aiming to achieve improved solutions in shorter computational time. The heuristics include two phases: the advanced construction phase is based on a rolling time algorithm and a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP); and the solution improvement phase is a series of novel MIP-based neighborhood search techniques. The proposed algorithms are evaluated based on a set of realistic large-scale instances seen in recent literature. Extensive computational results indicate that the hybrid heuristic strategy is able to obtain optimal or near optimal feasible solutions substantially faster than commercial optimization software and also the previously proposed heuristic methods.     

Handling performance control for hybrid 8-wheel-drive vehicle and simulation verification

In order to improve handling performance of a hybrid 8-Wheel-Drive vehicle, the handling performance control strategy was proposed. For armoured vehicle, besides handling stability in high speed, the minimum steer radius in low speed is also a key tactical and technical index. Based on that, the proposed handling performance control strategy includes ‘Handling Stability’ and ‘Radius Minimization’ control modes. In ‘Handling Stability’ control mode, ‘Neutralsteer Radio’ is defined to adjust the steering characteristics to satisfy different demand in different speed range. In ‘Radius Minimization’ control mode, the independent motors are controlled to provide an additional yaw moment to decrease the minimum steer radius. In order to verify the strategy, a simulation platform was built including engine and continuously variable transmission systems, generator and battery systems, independent motors and controllers systems, vehicle dynamic and tyre mechanical systems. The simulation results show that the handling performance of the vehicle can be enhanced significantly, and the minimum steer radius can be decreased by 20% which is significant improvement compared to the common level of main battle armoured vehicle around the world.     

Analysis of a consumer survey on plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) show potential to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, increase fuel efficiency, and offer driving ranges that are not limited by battery capacity. However, these benefits will not be realized if consumers do not adopt this new technology. Several agent-based models have been developed to model potential market penetration of PHEVs, but gaps in the available data limit the usefulness of these models. To address this, we administered a survey to 1000 stated US residents, using Amazon Mechanical Turk, to better understand factors influencing the potential for PHEV market penetration. Our analysis of the survey results reveals quantitative patterns and correlations that extend the existing literature. For example, respondents who felt most strongly about reducing US transportation energy consumption and cutting greenhouse gas emissions had, respectively, 71 and 44 times greater odds of saying they would consider purchasing a compact PHEV than those who felt least strongly about these issues. However, even the most inclined to consider a compact PHEV were not generally willing to pay more than a few thousand US dollars extra for the sticker price. Consistent with prior research, we found that financial and battery-related concerns remain major obstacles to widespread PHEV market penetration. We discuss how our results help to inform agent-based models of PHEV market penetration, governmental policies, and manufacturer pricing and marketing strategies to promote consumer adoption of PHEVs.     

浅谈欧洲混合动力摩托车的测试要求

欧洲对于交通运输业产生的排放污染物影响非常关注,大多数摩托车生产企业都在开发各种新产品和采用新技术来应对严格的法规要求并减少对环境的污染,其中一项技术就是混合动力技术,该项技术已在乘用车上成熟应用.欧洲最新修订指令2009/108/EC详细规定了针对混合动力摩托车进行排放和噪声测试的特殊要求.     

HEV发动机启停振动与噪声分析与控制

为降低混合动力汽车（HEV）发动机频繁启停引起的噪声与振动,提高乘坐舒适性,文章介绍了HEV的结构、驱动模式的特点以及发动机启停过程的噪声振动特点,分析了HEV的发动机启停过程产生的噪声与振动的根本原因,并提出了在此过程中噪声和振动源的控制措施,使HEV的发动机启停过程的噪声与振动得到降低,总结了HEV发动机启停的噪声与振动特性研究的发展趋势。     

混合动力轿车后舱热分析

热管理影响混合动力电动轿车的性能、安全和寿命,热分析为热管理提高了基础和依据.根据后舱关键部件的热特性以及车用环境,采用有限元方法对一混合动力电动轿车后舱的温度场进行了分析计算.通过试验验证了仿真的正确性,为热管理系统集成和优化提供了依据.     

混合动力客车再生制动}姑阢娟金台结构方案

文章介绍了基于某系列混合动力城市客车而设计的再生制动模拟试验台的组成与原理,并在分析该模拟试验台各模拟系统及其应该满足的要求的基础上,对基于某混合动力城市客车总成结构而设计的2种再生制动模拟试验台的结构方案进行了比较分析,选出了一种具有安全性和稳定性的再生制动模拟试验台结构,这种结构还具有便捷的扩展性以及多功能性     

混合动力卡车关键技术的分析与研究

随着能源紧缺日益加剧和人们环保意识的增强,混合动力已经成为未来中重型卡车发展的主要方向,本文系统的分析了混合动力技术中蓄电池及其模型,驱动形式及其控制策略等关键技术在卡车中的应用。     

基于工况分析的混合动力系统设计

通过对上海典型城市工况循环的构建与分析得到了目标车型的基本行驶参数,并分析了加减速过程中整车能量消耗、功率消耗的分布情况。对该车混合动力系统控制策略进行了优化,并在ECE+EUDC联合工况下分别以混合动力模式和传统车模式进行了仿真对比。结果表明,以混合动力模式运行时,整车能够及时跟踪期望车速,并且能按预期目标实现发动机托动、怠速停机、加速助力和制动能量回收功能;该动力系统方案下混合动力运行模式比传统运行模式燃油经济性提高12%以上。     

The effects of activity-travel context and individual attitudes on car-sharing decisions under travel time uncertainty: A hybrid choice modeling approach

People’s daily decision to use car-sharing rather than other transport modes for conducting a specific activity has been investigated recently in assessing the market potential of car-sharing systems. Most studies have estimated transport mode choice models with an extended choice set using attributes such as average travel time and costs. However, car-sharing systems have some distinctive features: users have to reserve a car in advance and pay time-based costs for using the car. Therefore, the effects of activity-travel context and travel time uncertainty require further consideration in models that predict car-sharing demand. Moreover, the relationships between individual latent attitudes and the intention to use car-sharing have not yet been investigated in much detail. In contributing to the research on car-sharing, the present study is designed to examine the effects of activity-travel context and individual latent attitudes on short-term car-sharing decisions under travel time uncertainty. The effects of all these factors were simultaneously estimated using a hybrid choice modeling framework. The data used in this study was collected in the Netherlands, 2015 using a stated choice experiment. Hypothetical choice situations were designed to collect respondents’ intention to use a shared-car for their travel to work. A total of 791 respondents completed the experiment. The estimation results suggest that time constraints, lack of spontaneity and a larger variation in travel times have significant negative effects on people’s intention to use a shared-car. Furthermore, this intention is significantly associated with latent attitudes about pro-environmental preferences, the symbolic value of cars, and privacy-seeking.