小型多功能振动荡夯的理论研究及制造方法

介绍一种新型的小型振动振荡夯实技术和机械，探讨机械的设计理论和系统的确定方法，给出关键部位的理论计算公式，经样机试制、实测和效果试验研究，取得了第一手资料，为该类机械的制造和使用提供了科学依据。     

重庆单轨三号线信号系统ATP设备故障时的系统动作及应对方案

重庆单轨交通三号线信号系统ATP子系统具有各种诊断功能,当检测到故障时自动向ATP维护终端发送报警信息并对各种故障进行管理。特别是对故障会给列车运行带来障碍的设备,构成冗余系统,主备机之间相互监视状态。当单套设备故障时,系统能正常工作;当双套设备故障时,系统根据故障范围进行故障导向安全的动作。本文描述了ATP设备发生故障时的系统动作及应对方案。     

南阳西道岔联锁软件存在问题的分析与处理

南阳西站在联锁试验过程中发现了4条问题。通过对这四条问题的分析,确认为联锁软件存在漏洞,已经停用相关设备,并向厂家提出了联锁软件修改意见,准备更换新软件。     

高烈度山区场地非线性效应对连续刚构桥地震响应的影响分析

为了研究高烈度山区地震场地非线性效应及其对连续刚构桥地震响应的影响,选取具有代表性的20条地震波,基于土层分析软件Deepsoil和通用有限元软件ANSYS,计算分析等效线性和非线性两种模型的场地效应和桥梁结构地震响应。结果表明:(1)考虑非线性模型时地表PGA放大系数比等效线性模型时更大,且土层越柔软,非线性模型下的地表PGA放大系数越大。小震、大震作用下的放大系数依次为1.5~3.5、1.3~1.7,呈减小趋势。(2)随着地震动强度增大,两种模型得出的土层峰值加速度随土层深度变化趋势逐渐出现差异,且非线性整体大于等效线性。在大震作用下,非线性约为等效线性的1.36倍;在软弱土层处更明显,约为1.54倍。(3)小震作用下,两种模型计算得出的地表加速度反应谱接近,呈现一致的变化规律。大震作用下,非线性模型得出的反应谱起伏变宽,峰值变大。(4)非线性得出的桥墩底剪力和弯矩均方根值约为等效线性的1.37倍,因此采用非线性模型考虑场地效应对结构响应影响较大。     

极寒状态下扣件胶垫刚度温变特性及影响研究

以莫喀高铁为工程背景,以WJ-8型扣件胶垫为对象,测试胶垫静刚度随温度降低的变化,分析胶垫刚度的温变特性;建立车辆-轨道垂向耦合系统动力学模型,分析在-48℃和20℃两种温度下胶垫静刚度对高铁列车以400 km/h的速度运行所产生的动力响应的影响规律。结果表明:轨下胶垫的刚度随温度降低而增大,-48℃时的静刚度相比20℃时增幅51.1%;不同环境温度下,车辆运行平稳性受到影响较小而轮对垂向振动加速度受到影响较大;低温条件下垂向轮轨力和轮重减载率较常温时前者增幅8.19%而后者增幅达14.13%;因在-48℃低温条件下轮重减载率已接近于限值,为保证车辆运行安全性,建议采用耐低温类型的扣件胶垫。     

高速电磁阀响应特性的研究

为实现电磁阀的高速响应的要求,提出了自行设计基于电容放电的驱动电路,通过仿真研究,确定驱动电路参数的取值范围.对电磁阀线圈结构参数对响应特性的影响进行了仿真与试验研究,仿真和试验结果的比较表明设计电磁阀具有较好的动态响应特性.     

What is responsible for the response lag of a significant change in discretionary time use: the built environment,family and social obligations,temporal constraints,or a psychological delay factor?

In this paper, we used the 10-wave Puget Sound Panel Dataset to investigate the response lag of a significant change in discretionary time use. In particular, we want to quantify the relative magnitude of the following factors: the built environment, family and social obligations, temporal constraints, or a psychological delay factor (people delay a behavioral change until the next life shock). To answer this question, we developed a survival model to treat (1) left-censoring, (2) partial observation, and (3) multi-type exits. The results suggest that family and social obligations, as well as temporal constraints, appear to play a more important role than the built environment. Support for the psychological delay factor is not evident. We also found that the probability of having a significant change in discretionary time use is negatively related to time progression, supporting the human adaptivity hypothesis.

多学科设计优化在桁架式Spar平台概念设计中的应用(英文)

在传统的桁架式Spar设计过程中,设计人员通常只选择一个或两个学科作为某个阶段的设计目标,而没有把设计过程作为一个整体进行研究.同时,传统的设计方法没有充分考虑决定Spar性能的多个学科之间的相互影响和耦合作用.因而,传统的设计方法很难获得最优的设计方案.为解决这一问题,该文将多学科设计优化方法引入桁架式Spar的概念设计,以实现真正的设计优化.文中首先介绍了桁架式Spar的传统设计方法以及多学科设计优化的基本理论,讨论了如何将多学科优化技术应用于Spar平台的概念设计.进而提出了一种适用于Spar设计的多学科设计优化方法-基于响应面的协同优化方法,并基于该方法,建立了桁架式Spar的设计优化框架.最后,对今后的研究方向提出了几点建议.     

Sequential sampling method using Gaussian process regression for estimating extreme structural response

A methodology for estimating extreme response statistics for marine structures, that takes both the long-term variability of the metocean environment and the short-term variability of response into account is presented. The proposed methodology uses Gaussian process regression to estimate parameters of the short-term response distribution, based on output from computationally expensive hydrodynamic simulations. We present an adaptive design strategy for sequential updating of the model, focusing on the metocean conditions that contribute the most to the long-term extreme. With this approach, only a limited number of hydrodynamic simulations are needed.The suggested approach is demonstrated on the problem of estimating the 25-year extreme vertical bending moment on a ship. We show that a relatively small number of iterations (full hydrodynamic simulations) are needed to converge toward the “exact” results obtained by running a large number of simulations covering the entire range of sea states.The results suggest that the proposed method can be used as an alternative to contour-based methods or other methods that consider a few sea states using accurate numerical simulations, with little or no added complexity or computational effort.     

Calibration of response amplitude operators based on measurements of vessel motions and directional wave spectra

A vessel's response to waves is dependent on a large number of parameters, some of which are both frequency and direction dependent. To predict vessel response, these parameters are used to construct response amplitude operators (RAOs) that act as transfer functions between the directional wave spectra and the motion spectra of the vessel. In particular situations, however, vessel motions predicted using RAOs calculated with general-purpose radiation-diffraction codes and measured wave spectra are found to deviate from measured vessel responses. To address this problem, a methodology for calibrating RAOs based on measurements of the directional wave spectra and vessel motions is proposed. Use is made of a vector fitting method through which the frequency dependent hydrodynamic properties of the vessel can be approximated by a ratio of two polynomials, thus greatly reducing the number of parameters that need to be calibrated. The reduced set of parameters is subsequently related to previously identified causes of RAO inaccuracy in order to arrive at optimization algorithms for identifying more accurate RAOs from the measurements. It is shown that the RAOs can be improved with accuracy in situations where the discrepancies are caused by imprecise estimates for the vessel's radii of gyration, center of gravity, or viscous damping. When the discrepancies in the RAOs are related to the potential mass, damping and wave forces, however, the problem becomes highly non-convex and it is not possible to find a unique RAO that satisfies the data.