综合运输系统的智能化困惑

整合公共和私人交通部门的各种交通方式和交通信息，对于规划人员发展区域和地区内容货物流通的智能化非常重要。建立综合运输系统正如经济发展的艺术告诉我们，需要根据时间、空间、联系建立不同企业之间的“产业链”。文章概要地介绍了综合运输系统以及ITS技术在提高运输效率方面的作用。同时，文章也介绍了ITS应用于综合运输的几个方面，指出了ITS蓬勃发展背后的困境，例举了ITs有效利用于综合运输系统的实例。     

一种夜间采集交通信息的新方法

本文提出了一种采集夜间交通信息的新方法,即夜间对路段上的车辆进行拍照,对曝光时间内车灯留下的光柱进行分析而获取交通信息。通过3Dmax建立虚拟相机和三维虚拟空间,可以重构出实际拍摄所得的光柱的三维模型,由此我们可以获得车辆行驶的轨迹线。同时,本文从摄影测量的角度提出了解算车辆运动轨迹的另一种思路。此外,本文在该方法用于其他交通信息的提取,例如空间平均速度的计算,以及路段速度-密度曲线的获得等,做了一定的尝试。实践表明,该方法能够快捷、廉价地获得可信的交通信息。     

以数据为中心的高校信息资源规划

通过结合浙江交通职业技术学院信息资源规划的成功实例,分析高校信息资源规划内容,并引入“虚拟主题数据库”的概念,提出了以主题数据库建设为主、以虚拟主题数据库为辅指导高校信息资源规划的原则。     

城市公路网交通信息平台规划研究

为了更好地管理和利用城市公路管理部门的信息资源，本文提出建设城市公路网交通信息平台。以总体框架为指导，设计了信息平台的逻辑结构和拓扑结构。根据用户主体的不同，将信息服务分为共享服务和增值服务两种类型，明确了信息平台的主要数据信息流。以面向企事业单位和社会公众提供信息增值服务为重点，进行了信息要素分析和服务方式分析，规划了公路网交通信息服务系统的发展模式。     

车桥回转件CAPP系统中零件信息的输入

零件信息输入是CAPP系统中的一个关X技术问题。本文介绍了一个基于AUt0CAD环境下开发的零件信息输入方法一特征形京法，对商品化CAD环境下实现CAPP信息输入作了一些探讨。     

高速公路路政管理信息化解决方案

高速公路路政管理工作对于保障公路畅通、维护高速公路的路产路权有重要意义。将信息技术应用于高速公路路政管理工作中,建立一套科学、规范、高效的路政管理系统是目前高速公路路政管理信息化建设的趋势。本文就如何建立高速公路路政管理信息系统进行探讨,并提出一套整体的信息化解决方案。     

Improving rail network velocity: A machine learning approach to predictive maintenance

Rail network velocity is defined as system-wide average speed of line-haul movement between terminals. To accommodate increased service demand and load on rail networks, increase in network velocity, without compromising safety, is required. Among many determinants of overall network velocity, a key driver is service interruption, including lowered operating speed due to track/train condition and delays caused by derailments. Railroads have put significant infrastructure and inspection programs in place to avoid service interruptions. One of the key measures is an extensive network of wayside mechanical condition detectors (temperature, strain, vision, infrared, weight, impact, etc.) that monitor the rolling-stock as it passes by. The detectors are designed to alert for conditions that either violate regulations set by governmental rail safety agencies or deteriorating rolling-stock conditions as determined by the railroad.Using huge volumes of historical detector data, in combination with failure data, maintenance action data, inspection schedule data, train type data and weather data, we are exploring several analytical approaches including, correlation analysis, causal analysis, time series analysis and machine learning techniques to automatically learn rules and build failure prediction models. These models will be applied against both historical and real-time data to predict conditions leading to failure in the future, thus avoiding service interruptions and increasing network velocity. Additionally, the analytics and models can also be used for detecting root cause of several failure modes and wear rate of components, which, while do not directly address network velocity, can be proactively used by maintenance organizations to optimize trade-offs related to maintenance schedule, costs and shop capacity. As part of our effort, we explore several avenues to machine learning techniques including distributed learning and hierarchical analytical approaches.     

A traffic congestion detection and information dissemination scheme for urban expressways using vehicular networks

The cooperative vehicle-infrastructure technologies have enabled vehicles to collect and exchange traffic information in real time. Therefore, it is possible to use Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) for detecting traffic congestion on urban expressways. However, because of the special topology of urban expressways (consisting of both major and auxiliary roadways), the existing traffic congestion detection methods using VANETs do not work very well. In addition, the existing dissemination methods of congestion information lack the necessary control mechanism, so the information may be disseminated to irrelevant geographical areas. This paper proposes a congestion detection and notification scheme using VANETs for urban expressways. The scheme adopts a simplified Doppler frequency shift method to estimate and differentiate traffic conditions for major and auxiliary roadways. Vehicular cooperation and human cognition are introduced to improve the estimation accuracy and to describe the overall traffic conditions. Additionally, the scheme develops a spatial–temporal effectiveness model based on the potential energy theory to control the dissemination area and survival time of the congestion information. Meanwhile, the proposed scheme uses several broadcast control mechanisms to alleviate vehicular network congestion. Simulations through TransModeler indicate that our scheme ensures the accuracy of the estimation of congestion degree. Consequently, the scheme can provide effective references for driving decision-making and path-planning.     

A GIS‐based traffic analysis zone design: implementation and evaluation

The purpose of this paper is to implement an efficient method for GIS‐based traffic analysis zone (TAZ) design in order to evaluate and validate such a method. The method was developed by the authors.

Moran's I spatial autocorrelation coefficient and sample variance are used for evaluating the generated TAZs using the Champaign‐Urbana, IL region as a case study. Sensitivity analysis is also conducted to explore the fluctuations in TAZ generation outcomes. The evaluation, the validation as well as the TAZ design have been implemented with ARC/INFO GIS software on a UNIX workstation platform.     

信号技术设备履历簿管理系统研究

介绍了信号技术设备履历簿管理系统和信号图形信息化档案管理系统的研发历程、技术要求、技术方案、应用前景,简述了关键技术知识,指出了重要技术创新内容,强调了实现信息共享的技术要求.