全文获取类型
收费全文 | 634篇 |
免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
公路运输 | 64篇 |
综合类 | 115篇 |
水路运输 | 95篇 |
铁路运输 | 314篇 |
综合运输 | 57篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 33篇 |
2013年 | 25篇 |
2012年 | 31篇 |
2011年 | 37篇 |
2010年 | 43篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 58篇 |
2007年 | 57篇 |
2006年 | 83篇 |
2005年 | 65篇 |
2004年 | 47篇 |
2003年 | 25篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有645条查询结果,搜索用时 421 毫秒
181.
基于WebGIS的ITS共用信息平台信息发布系统设计 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7
以广州市ITS共用信息平台网站发布系统的设计为背景,分析交通信息发布的需求特点,研究WebGIS技术在交通信息发布中的具体应用方法,以满足ITS共用信息平台大范围发布交通地理信息的需求。根据对外和对内交通信息发布的特点,分别提出采用胖客户机和瘦客户机模式的系统逻辑结构方案,以及使用分布式服务器组分担负载并考虑到系统安全性的物理结构方案,并对其具体实现方式进行研究。 相似文献
182.
183.
184.
185.
针对环形感应线圈采集数据的特点,讨论一种基于动态时间弯曲(DTW)算法的车型分类新方法。由于采样波形与车速、车辆自身结构以及其通过线圈时的相对位置有关,导致实际同类车辆波形存在伸长、压缩,甚至波形残缺不全或局部振荡等复杂情况。为此,本方法首先对样本数据进行降噪滤波,补齐不完整信号等预处理;熟后结合DTW方法和最优聚类分析原理选取同类车型的多个模板,综合考虑误纳与误拒情况,可降低单模板匹配存在的误拒率;最后利用DTW算法和多个分类区分度指标进行多模板匹配,得出分类结论。论文仿真部分以一类车型为例,分析了本文方法与其他方法比较存在的优势。 相似文献
186.
浅析高校图书馆的信息资源建设 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
林建军 《南通航运职业技术学院学报》2005,4(4):125-128
文章简要分析了高校图书馆信息资源建设的现状,就如何提高信息资源建设水平,从制定合理的藏书原则、科学认真地做好采访工作、加强虚拟馆藏建设、建立馆藏特色数据库、妥善处理信息资源建设中的几个关系、全面提高采访人员素质等六方面提出了工作思路,从而更好地为学校的教学科研提供高质量的文献信息保障. 相似文献
187.
Without questioning the fact that to achieve efficiency emitters should pay for the true costs of their actions (a core principle of economic policies such as pollution taxes), we find sufficient evidence in the literature to demonstrate that many other policy instruments can be used in combination with taxes and permits to ensure that the transport needs of the present generation can be met without compromising the ability of future generations to meet any needs of their own.The policies and policy aspects considered in this paper broadly fall into three categories: physical policies, soft policies, and knowledge policies. All three aim to bring about changes in consumers’ and firms’ behaviour, but in different ways. The first category includes policies with a physical infrastructure element: public transport, land use, walking and cycling, road construction, and freight transport. We also consider the particular challenges for mobility in developing countries, and how these may be addressed. Soft policies, on the other hand, are non-tangible aiming to bring about behavioural change by informing actors about the consequences of their transport choices, and potentially persuading them to change their behaviour. These measures include car sharing and car pooling, teleworking and teleshopping, eco-driving, as well as general information and advertising campaigns. Finally, knowledge policies emphasise the important role of investment in research and development for a sustainable model of mobility for the future.The main findings can be summarised as follows.
Physical policies
An increase in the use of public transport, combined with a decrease in the use of private cars, can reduce traffic congestion and, more importantly, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, as public transport generally causes lower CO2 emissions per passenger kilometre than private cars. Public transport fares are subsidised in most places, which can be justified by economies of scale and by the fact that public transport can reduce total road transport externalities. London, Singapore, Portland and Curitiba are all examples of good practice at government level, having achieved reliable, frequent and integrated public transport.Policies to increase public transport use must be part of an integrated policy. Integrated policy refers to integration across different modes of transport, different government objectives (such as the economy, health and the environment), considering the needs of different social groups, and coordinating action between the relevant government institutions. There is evidence that a lack of coordination can jeopardise the achievement of policy objectives.A sustainable model for transport policy also requires integration with land-use policies. These may be somewhat limited within the bounds of existing cities, but as cities grow and new cities are built, urban planners must put more emphasis on land use for sustainable transport in order to reduce congestion and CO2 emissions. Sustainable land-use policy can direct urban development towards a form that allows public transport as well as walking and cycling to be at the core of urban mobility.Walking and cycling, which improve general health and produce no tailpipe emissions, constitute an excellent alternative to motorised transport on short-distance trips within towns and cities. The policies which can incentivise walking and cycling include crime reduction to make streets safer, well-maintained and clean pavements, attractive street furniture, safe crossings with shorter waiting times, dedicated cycle paths, showers in offices, and lower speed limits, to name but a few.Road construction and expansion used to be seen as one of the most promising ways to reduce traffic congestion. However, in the mid-1990s, the issue was reassessed and it was found that building and expanding roads, increased, rather than decreased, congestion, and ultimately induced higher levels of travel demand. The reason for this is that the extra capacity reduces the general cost of travelling and the less expensive the travel, the more it will be demanded. Regarding freight modal shift, road transport is much more polluting than rail per tonne-km of goods transported and therefore a shift towards greater use of rail in freight transport is desirable. Inadequate infrastructure is the main obstacle preventing this modal shift taking place.Developing countries face great mobility challenges: rural areas are often extremely poorly connected to transport infrastructure, such that, in contrast to the situation in developed countries, the benefits of road construction can strongly outweigh the total costs (including environmental ones). The main challenge, however, is to develop a solution to the problems arising from the combination of urbanisation and motorisation. Integration of transport and land-use policy will be key to rising to this challenge.Soft policies
Car sharing and car clubs can also potentially reduce CO2 emissions, although the aggregate reduction in congestion and emissions has not been measured with an adequate degree of precision in the literature. Teleworking and teleshopping can potentially reduce congestion and also CO2 emissions. However, the evidence for this reduction is rather mixed, as it is unclear whether these measures lead to overall reductions in road transport.Eco-driving campaigns aim to inform and educate drivers in order to induce them to drive in a fuel-efficient and thus environmentally friendly way. There seems to be some consensus in the literature that eco-driving could lead to reductions in CO2 emissions of around 10 per cent.Information and education policies have often been advocated as instruments which may affect behavioural change. We find in this paper that these types of measures are necessary, but not sufficient for behavioural change. Advertising and marketing may go a long way in changing peoples’ behaviour. In California, for example, Kahn (2007) finds the “Prius” effect: the Toyota Prius is preferred by consumers relative to other similarly green vehicles, probably due to extensive marketing and celebrity endorsements. Family life changes are also found to trigger changes in behaviour ( [Goodwin, 1989] and [106]). People whose lives are being changed by some important development (birth of a child, retirement, etc) tend to respond more to changes in the relative attractiveness of different transport modes. Advertising campaigns promoting a modal shift towards public transport, for instance, may thus be more successful if targeted at people in the process of important life transitions.Knowledge policies
Research and Development is crucial for developing sustainable and low-carbon transport for the future, and it is essential that governments provide incentives to undertake R&D, so that new low-carbon technologies in the transport sector can be demonstrated and applied at a large scale.Finally, we consider the issue of policy combination and integration. There is evidence that the combination and integration of policies can lead to positive side-effects and synergies. Policy integration is crucial in order to rise to the challenges we face in moving towards a sustainable mobility model. We conclude that classical economic policies may be successfully combined with a number of policy measures discussed in this paper in order to achieve sustainability in transport. 相似文献188.
面对上海市城市的新一轮发展目标,交通信息技术的应用也面临着从独立建设和实验性应用阶段到系统集成和大规模推广应用阶段的转变。上海市综合交通信息中心运用城市交通信息化战略导向下的系统分析方法,在整体设计上以信息资源规划为基础,在组织架构上以组织协同思想作为指导,在技术构成上以标准化、可靠性、先进性、开放性为原则,通过对交通信息化功能领域和应用划分、信息资源共享需求分析、组织体系结构分析和技术体系结构分析等核心技术环节的研究,提出了网络化中心和层次化支持平台构成的组织体系框架和以共用信息平台为核心的技术体系框架。并从领导机制、建设运营模式、数据标准和核心技术等几方面就其建设策略提供了有益建议,提出了分阶段实现模式。 相似文献
189.
190.
在信息战概念的基础上,分析现有水面舰艇作战系统设计的缺陷,从提高信息利用角度和资源共享角度,提出利用局域网技术,实现武器系统之间信息的横向交换。通过对所述系统的分析,证明这种方案是一种效费比较高、适应信息战要求的一种选择。 相似文献