ATMS共用信息平台研究

针对目前智能交通系统各子系统信息无法充分利用的现状,分析了共用信息平台的信息交换、信息处理、信息存储与管理、信息应用服务4个方面的功能。按功能模式提出了共用信息平台的体系结构,并重点讨论了该体系结构功能的实现方法,特别是信息交换接口层和信息处理层。信息交换接口层通过识别信息格式的标识实现了信息格式的转换：信息处理层通过时至数据的规范化统一信息内容,采用路网点位交通参数与GIS图表的映射,实现路网数据库的存储管理;结合信息采集技术可靠度等级划分,采用数据关联校验方法解决了数据准确性验证问题。     

机械电子工程办学特色的研究

文中探讨了机械电子工程的办学模式及其特点,建议:(1)课程设置做适当调整,学生在学习机械类知识的同时,必须加强电类知识、计算机应用和机电接口技术、自动化技术的学习;(2)加强实践环节,建设机电系统综合实验平台;(3)毕业设计要着眼于市场,选择科研项目和有生产应用背景的题目,使学生受到严格的工程实践和科研训练。     

深圳市综合交通信息平台系统分析与设计

简述国外先进的交通信息系统的发展现状,在分析深圳市智能交通系统间的信息交互需求、共用信息平台功能需求、性能需求的基础上,根据深圳市现有智能交通系统的建设和运营现状,对深圳市综合交通信息平台系统框架结构、功能模块分别进行设计。     

呼和浩特局集团公司货运安全信息分析系统设计探讨

在铁路货运安全信息管理的过程中,存在信息来源分散、信息共享程度低、风险类别多样等问题,为充分体现安全信息分析的前瞻性、预见性、针对性,在阐述呼和浩特局集团公司货运安全信息分析工作现状的基础上,针对存在的问题对货运安全信息分析系统架构进行设计,以实现货运安全信息分析系统功能,即:图形化显示、风险分级管控、安全信息的集中管理、综合运用等功能,实现对货运安全信息的全方位、全过程管理,形成调查分析、追踪整改、巩固提高、闭环管理的管理局面,提高预警和风险防控的针对性和有效性,提高铁路货运安全管理和监控水平。     

Port investments on coastal and marine disasters prevention: Economic modeling and implications

Located along shorelines, seaports are highly vulnerable to coastal and marine natural disasters largely due to climate change. Damage caused by disasters can be prevented or alleviated if sufficient investments are made in a timely manner. However, despite a wide range of investment options and well-developed engineering expertise, port investment on disaster prevention remains a challenging task involving great complexities. This paper develops an integrated economic model for the analysis of disaster-prevention investments at a “landlord” port. It simultaneously considers the uncertainty of disaster occurrence and associated return of prevention investments, the information accumulation and related investment timing, and the benefit spillovers of investment among stakeholders. Our analysis shows that the timing of port investments depends on the probability of disasters. Immediate investment is optimal for disasters with very high probability, while investment should be postponed if such a probability is very low. Optimal timing for cases of intermediate probability cannot be determined analytically, as it is influenced by other factors such as discount rate, information accumulation and efficiency of investments. Positive spillovers between a port and its tenants lead to under-investment, which can be corrected by coordination between stakeholders. However, since there are risks of “overinvestment” (the marginal benefits of investments are zero ex post if there is no disaster), regulatory intervention is not always optimal when the regulator does not have a good understanding of disaster probability distribution. Therefore, scientific research would bring significant economic and strategic value to policy, planning and investment decisions.     

地铁智慧车站运营指挥系统设计与实现

简要介绍了智慧车站建设中客运管理在组织、联动指挥方面存在的不足,研究和探讨了智慧车站运营指挥系统设计及其实现方案;详细介绍了该系统的结构、实现功能、关键技术和难点;总结了该系统研究对城市轨道交通智慧车站提升客运管理、联动指挥,以及提升车站管理信息化水平的意义。     

From willingness to action: Do push-pull-mooring factors matter for shifting to green transportation?

Motivating individuals to choose green transportation is becoming increasingly important. Based on push-pull-mooring framework, this study aims to explore how push, pull and mooring factors foster individual’s willingness to shift to green transportation. This study also analyzes the role of information provision in narrowing the gap between shifting willingness and behavior. The findings revealed that push factors, including perceived environmental threats and perceived inconvenience, drive individual’s mode-shift away from private cars, whereas the pull factors, including green transport policies and campaigns, and green transport system attract individual’s mode-shift to green transportation. Moreover, the mooring factor, namely inertia, not only negatively affects individual’s shifting willingness but also negatively moderates the effects of push and pull factors on individual’s shifting willingness. In addition, shifting willingness positively affects the shifting behavior and the information provision positively moderates the relationship among them. Such findings are vital to achieve the realization of China’s low-carbon goals.     

信息技术在公路水运工程质量与安全监督管理中的应用

随着信息技术在我省质量与安全监督管理工作中应用,监督工作内容和方式也发生了深刻的变化,省质监管理信息系统实现了全业务上网、流程化管理,具有业务模块集成度高、数据共享能力、用户交互性好、权限层级管理、数据安全等特点,成为促进我省公路水运工程质量与安全监督管理规范化、合理化和制度化的重要手段.     

Position synchronization for track geometry inspection data via big-data fusion and incremental learning

Track geometry inspection data is important for managing railway infrastructure integrity and operational safety. In order to use track geometry inspection data, having accurate and reliable position information is a prerequisite. Due to various issues identified in this research, the positions of different track geometry inspections need to be aligned and synchronized to the same location before being used for track degradation modeling and maintenance planning. This is referred to as “position synchronization”, a long-standing important research problem in the area of track data analytics. With the aim of advancing the state of the art in research on this subject, we propose a novel approach to more accurately and expediently synchronize track geometry inspection positions via big-data fusion and incremental learning algorithms. Distinguishing it from other relevant studies in the literature, our proposed approach can simultaneously address data exceptions, channel offsets and local position offsets between any two inspections. To solve the Position Synchronization Model (PS-Model), an Incremental Learning Algorithm (IL-Algorithm) is developed to handle the “lack of memory” challenge for the fast computation of massive data. A case study is developed based on a dataset with data size of 18 GB, including 58 inspections between February 2014 and July 2016 over 323 km (200 miles) of tracks belonging to China High Speed Railways. The results show that our proposed model performs robustly against data exceptions via the use of multi-channel information fusion. Also, the position synchronization error using our proposed approach is within 0.15 meters (0.5 feet). Our proposed data-driven, incremental learning algorithm can quickly solve the complex, data-extensive, position synchronization problem, using an average of 0.1 s for processing one additional kilometer of track. In general, the data analysis methodology and algorithm presented in this paper are also suitable to address other relevant position synchronization problems in transportation engineering, especially when the dataset contains multiple channels of sensors and abnormal data outliers.     

Capacity,information and minority games in public transport

Many public transport operators are faced with high peak demands. This leads to crowded vehicles and discomfort for the passengers. The increasing availability of information technologies creates new opportunities for passengers to avoid crowding and for operators to inform passengers and reallocate capacities quicker than before. We define and implement a simple model based on minority games, a class of games that deals with crowding dynamics, adapted to a public transport setting.We propose a model which includes multiple resources and heterogeneous passenger preferences. We have conducted two simulation studies, investigating the dynamics of crowding within a simplified public transport setting. In our first experiment we investigate the effect of the availability of information on crowding. In our second experiment we study dynamic optimization of rolling stock capacities. We find that both the information disclosed and the capacity optimization mechanism have an impact on the number of passengers utilizing resources and their satisfaction. As such, these models enable the development and analysis of new operator policies to deal with crowded situations.