基于作业成本法和目标成本法集成的船舶敏捷制造成本控制模型研究

通过对作业成本法和目标成本法集成和对船舶敏捷制造过程进行分析,提出了基于LCC的船舶敏捷制造作业成本和目标成本集成的控制方法,并建立了基于作业成本法和目标成本法集成的船舶敏捷制造成本控制模型,在工期-成本均衡的情况下实现船舶敏捷制造的成本最优。     

测漏技术在发动机制造中的应用

论文介绍了测漏技术在发动机制造方面的应用,简述了测漏设备的基本组成,并且从工装夹具方面阐述了测漏设备的关键技术。最后分析了影响检测精度的因素。对测漏技术研究人员具有一定的参考价值。     

Towards data-driven car-following models

Car following models have been studied with many diverse approaches for decades. Nowadays, technological advances have significantly improved our traffic data collection capabilities. Conventional car following models rely on mathematical formulas and are derived from traffic flow theory; a property that often makes them more restrictive. On the other hand, data-driven approaches are more flexible and allow the incorporation of additional information to the model; however, they may not provide as much insight into traffic flow theory as the traditional models. In this research, an innovative methodological framework based on a data-driven approach is proposed for the estimation of car-following models, suitable for incorporation into microscopic traffic simulation models. An existing technique, i.e. locally weighted regression (loess), is defined through an optimization problem and is employed in a novel way. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using data collected from a sequence of instrumented vehicles in Naples, Italy. Gipps’ model, one of the most extensively used car-following models, is calibrated against the same data and used as a reference benchmark. Optimization issues are raised in both cases. The obtained results suggest that data-driven car-following models could be a promising research direction.     

基于BIM技术的轨道交通桥梁工程量计算

为了解决轨道交通桥梁工程数量计算中存在的工程量信息传递次数多、效率不高等问题,提出一种基于结构化数据的工程量计算方式,省去了基于二维图纸进行工程量计算方式中的信息传递过程,避免了三维模型成熟度不高或信息缺失造成的数量丢失。具体做法为:采用数量项类型划分、分类计算、混合方式编码等方法,建立构件与工程数量、工程数量与清单的映射关系,可跳过图纸或模型进行工程量计算和工程量清单的输出。在智能京张BIM设计过程中,通过编写桥梁工程数量计算软件进行工程数量的计算和输出,验证了该方法的可行性。     

Extending Time to Collision for probabilistic reasoning in general traffic scenarios

Vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems allow vehicles to share state information with one another to improve safety and efficiency of transportation networks. One of the key applications of such a system is in the prediction and avoidance of collisions between vehicles. If a method to do this is to succeed it must be robust to measurement uncertainty and to loss of communication links. The method should also be general enough that it does not rely on constraints on vehicle motion for the accuracy of its predictions. It should work for all interactions between vehicles and not just a select subset. This paper presents a method to calculate Time to Collision for unconstrained vehicle motion. This metric is gated using a novel technique based on relative vehicle motion that we call “looming”. Finally, these ideas are integrated into a probabilistic framework that accounts for uncertainty in vehicle state and loss of vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Together this work represents a new way of considering vehicle collision estimation. These algorithms are validated on data collected from real world vehicle trials.     

遗传算法在制造网格资源调度中的应用

在网络化制造环境下为解决制造网格中的资源调度问题，提出了基于遗传算法的网格资源调度算法。结合用户对多目标优化问题的要求，设计了基于遗传算法的制造网格资源调度算法。该算法将多目标优化问题转化为单目标优化问题，并以数字制造业中零件加工过程的资源优化调度为算例，验证了算法的有效性。     

一种基于视频虚拟检测线的交通流参数检测方法

实时交通流参数检测在智能交通系统中起着重要的作用。参数检测有多种方式,其中基于图像处理的视频车辆检测方式近年来发展很快,由于它具有检测区域大、系统设置灵活等突出的优点,已成为智能交通系统领域的一个研究热点。车辆的检测基于车道,在每个车道设置两条虚拟检测线来检测交通流参数,虚拟检测线的作用类似于电磁感应线圈。系统通过对视频虚拟检测线的预处理将二维的数字图像转化成一维的检测信号,减小了运算量,降低了运算负荷。提出的基于视频虚拟检测线特征的交通流参数检测系统已经在PC机上用VC 6.0实现,并对不同典型天气条件下的交通流视频进行了实验,实验结果表明该系统具有较高的车流量统计精度。     

高层次工艺规划前置处理接口技术

根据并行工程的基本原理,提出了一种基于完整设计信息的高层次工艺规划原型系统.该原型系统以完整的三维设计模型为信息源,因此需开发完善的前置信息处理接口,以获取有效的设计信息并将其转化为制造时工艺分析能直接使用的制造信息.前置处理接口中的设计模型信息提取接口用三维CAD软件的二次开发技术提取完整的零件结构信息;制造特征映射接口用三维特征识别和映射技术将提取的设计信息转换为制造模型.两个接口程序集成后,可获得零件的制造特征树和制造模型信息库,有效地支持HLPP.     

An Intelligent Master Model of Computer Aided Process Planning for Large Complicated Stampings

Process planning for large complicated stampings is more complicated, illegible and multiform than that for common stampings. In this paper, an intelligent master model of computer aided process planning （CAPP） for large complicated stampings has been developed based on knowledge based engineering （KBE） and feature technology. This innovative model consists of knowledge base （KB）, process control structure （PCS）, process information model （PIM）, multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO）, model link environment （MLE） and simulation engine （SE）, to realize process planning, optimization, simulation and management integrated to complete intelligent CAPP system. In this model, KBE provides knowledge base, open architecture and knowledge reuse ability to deal with the multi-domain and multi-expression of process knowledge, and forms an integrated environment. With PIM, all the knowledge consisting of objects, constraints, cxtmricncc and decision-makings is carried by object-oriented method dynamically for knowledge-reasoning. PCS makes dynamical knowledge modified and updated timely and accordingly. MLE provides scv. cral methods to make CAPP sysmm associated and integrated. SE provides a programmable mechanism to interpret simulation course and result. Meanwhile, collaborative optimization, one method of MDO, is imported to deal with the optimization distributed for multiple purposes. All these make CAPP sysmm integrated and open to other systems, such as dic design and manufacturing system.     

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铁路智能运输系统(RITS)设计与优化的目的就是对系统功能的合理配置、业务流程的优化布局以及系统资源的优化匹配，从而达到系统的整体协调和全局优化。为铁路业务信息系统的整合提供理论和方法的指导． 目前关于RITs系统设计与优化还没有比较成熟、实用、系统的理论和方法．本文结合铁路跨越式发展的实际需要，采用定性与定量的综合集成方法，对铁路智能运输系统的设计与优化理论进行了研究．通过实例证明提供系统化的设计和优化理论和方法不仅能使铁路智能运输系统在总体性能上达到最优，同时也降低了系统开发的难度和运行成本，提高了系统效率．