真3维公路设计错误检测算法的研究与实现

由于真3维公路设计与传统2维公路设计的差异,如何在真3维的环境中进行设计错误的检测,至关重要。文章针对该问题,利用数学理论进行了2种检测方法的研究,从编程和精度角度分析其优缺点,利用线段长度比较的方法对平面线设计错误进行检测,达到了很好的应用效果,并能够在进行线位调整的同时,自动给出错误的检测结果,为真3维公路设计提供了参考。     

基于CIVIL 3D的防波堤工程量计算分析

本文基于CIVIL 3D建立某海外港口防波堤模型,解决在原有防波堤基础上新建防波堤后的工程量计算问题。本文将介绍整个建模过程和思路,通过软件分析得到新建防波堤的精准工程量,并通过构建原有防波堤BIM模型对比实际已建防波堤的工程量验证模型的正确性,最后通过对比传统防波堤计算方法表明基于CIVIL 3D软件的BIM建模更加精准有效。     

基于ANSYS软件的功率器件寄生电容建模分析

大功率变频器中电磁兼容问题是不可被忽视的。其中传导干扰会影响输出波形,降低电能质量。IGBT的寄生电容对于传导干扰有很大影响,本文对功率器件中IGBT的寄生电容形成原理和计算方法进行了分析。在此基础上运用有限元仿真软件ANSYSQ3D建立了基于英飞凌FZ1200R17HE4较为精确的模型。最后通过实验测量与仿真结果进行对照,仿真结果很好的对应了实验结果,本文所提方法能更准确的建立IGBT相关杂散参数的模型。     

A generalized sensor location model for the estimation of network origin–destination matrices

This study examined the network sensor location problem by using heterogeneous sensor information to estimate link-based network origin–destination (O–D) demands. The proposed generalized sensor location model enables different sensors’ traffic monitoring capabilities to be used efficiently and the optimal number and deployment locations of both passive- and active-type sensors to be determined simultaneously without path enumeration. The proposed sensor location model was applied to solve the network O–D demand estimation problem. One unique aspect of the proposed model and solution algorithms is that they provide satisfactory network O–D demand estimates without requiring unreasonable assumptions of known prior information on O–D demands, turning proportions, or route choice probabilities. Therefore, the proposed model and solution algorithms can be practically used in numerous offline transportation planning and online traffic operation applications.     

船用螺旋桨三维建模方法研究

从分析船用螺旋桨三维模型主要几何特征入手,阐述其三维坐标计算方法。在探讨了螺旋桨某些特殊部位的处理方法后,运用三维模型设计软件,以某螺旋桨建模实例演绎其方法步骤。     

Transport and nation‐state governments: a global review

The review undertaken in this paper shows how, at the beginning of 1988, nation‐states of the world allocated ministerial responsibilities for the important function of transport. A total of 118 countries are examined, compared with 111 in 1982 (Transport Reviews, Vol. 2, No. 4) and 115 in 1985 (Transport Reviews, Vol. 5. No. 1). The analysis reveals an increase in the number of ministers solely responsible for one mode of transport, and notes an increase in the number of designated ministers for tourism. The paper goes on to examine the two main duties of ministers of transport: safety and economic regulation; and of the increasing need for closer international co‐operation as new transport technology, the growing demand for travel and expanding world trade make our world ‘an even more local village’ in the decades to come.     

构造应力场中层状围岩隧道动力响应数值分析

层状岩层的横观各向同性使得振动波在岩层中沿着不同方向传播时,质点的振动特性有着一定的差异。以我国西南地区某高海拔山区单向公路隧道的全断面爆破掘进为研究背景,利用FLAC 3D软件对构造应力场中均质围岩及倾角不同的层状围岩在隧道爆破开挖过程中的变形、振动速度进行研究。研究结果表明,隧道开挖爆破后,洞周岩体变形不对称式分布,左、右拱腰部位变形最大,均质围岩洞周各部位变形在5种模型中相对较小;爆源距相同时,层状围岩左、右测点的x向振动速度均大于上、下测点的z向振动速度;断层破碎带、层理结构面对于振动波的传播既有消振又有聚振的作用,与断层破碎带和层理结构面的产状、空间关系及振动波相对结构面入射角度有关。     

基于3D打印技术的两轴变速器教具开发

基于3D打印技术的灵活性、方便性等优点,3D打印技术在许多领域得到广泛的应用;因此引来诸多关注,并在自制教具模型方面得到推广。目前汽车变速器空间结构复杂、难以拆卸,所以在教学中存在抽象、枯燥等现象。为了提高"教、学、做"一体化教学效果,利用3D打印技术打印变速器教具模型,满足汽车专业教学需求。同时提高了学生的实践技能、还为教学节约了成本,还提高了课堂的趣味性及效率。     

The development of road and rail transport safety valuation in the United Kingdom

An extensive body of theoretical and empirical work has been undertaken in the UK since the middle of the last century on the estimation of values of safety for use in the appraisal of proposed transport projects, particularly road and rail. This research has focused largely on ‘willingness-to-pay’ based values in order to measure the strength of the travelling public's preference for marginal improvements in transport safety, relative to consumption of other goods and services. In terms of practical policy making, the research has resulted in a set of values for the prevention of statistical fatalities and non-fatal injuries that are applied not only in transport safety decision making, but also in other public sector contexts. This paper summarises the main findings of this research.     

土体参数对基坑变形影响的正交试验研究

利用正交试验方法研究了弹性模量、泊松比、内摩擦角、粘聚力等四个土体主要物理参数对支挡物水平位移、坑底最大隆起量、地面最大沉降等基坑开挖变形效应的影响程度。通过正交化设计将256次FLAC3D数值试验，简化设计为16次试验;应用FLAC3D三维有限差分软件对这16种情况进行计算，得出了每种情况下基坑开挖的变形效应。正交试验结果得出了各个参数在影响基坑开挖效应中所占的权重，对基坑工程的预测和支护设计起到了指导作用，并为土体参数反演问题提供了依据。