浅谈山岭重丘路基坍塌的病因及防治方法

分析了山岭重丘区路基坍塌的形成条件及因素,提出了防治原则和措施。     

Variability of the western Galician upwelling system (NW Spain) during an intensively sampled annual cycle. An EOF analysis approach

The key features of the western Galician shelf hydrography and dynamics are analyzed on a solid statistical and experimental basis. The results allowed us to gather together information dispersed in previous oceanographic works of the region. Empirical orthogonal functions analysis and a canonical correlation analysis were applied to a high-resolution dataset collected from 47 surveys done on a weekly frequency from May 2001 to May 2002. The main results of these analyses are summarized bellow. Salinity, temperature and the meridional component of the residual current are correlated with the relevant local forcings (the meridional coastal wind component and the continental run-off) and with a remote forcing (the meridional temperature gradient at latitude 37°N). About 80% of the salinity and temperature total variability over the shelf, and 37% of the residual meridional current total variability are explained by two EOFs for each variable. Up to 22% of the temperature total variability and 14% of the residual meridional current total variability is devoted to the set up of cross-shore gradients of the thermohaline properties caused by the wind-induced Ekman transport. Up to 11% and 10%, respectively, is related to the variability of the meridional temperature gradient at the Western Iberian Winter Front. About 30% of the temperature total variability can be explained by the development and erosion of the seasonal thermocline and by the seasonal variability of the thermohaline properties of the central waters. This thermocline presented unexpected low salinity values due to the trapping during spring and summer of the high continental inputs from the River Miño recorded in 2001. The low salinity plumes can be traced on the Galician shelf during almost all the annual cycle; they tend to be extended throughout the entire water column under downwelling conditions and concentrate in the surface layer when upwelling favourable winds blow. Our evidences point to the meridional temperature gradient acting as an important controlling factor of the central waters thermohaline properties and in the development and decay of the Iberian Poleward Current.     

Decoupling control in velocity-varying four-wheel steering vehicles with H∞ performance by longitudinal velocity and yaw rate feedback

In this paper, decoupling control with H_∞ performance for four-wheel steering (4WS) vehicles under varying longitudinal velocity is studied. A novel control scheme for a nonlinear model of three states, respectively, the longitudinal and lateral velocities, and yaw rate, is proposed to address this issue. The scheme is composed of two varying-parameter controllers designing problems for both longitudinal and lateral systems with coupling performance. Varying parameters of both these controllers depend only on longitudinal velocity. Controlled by these controllers, the longitudinal system is decoupled with lateral velocity and yaw rate, and the lateral system is input–output decoupling with H_∞ performance. In addition, feedback signals are the longitudinal velocity and yaw rate, hence observations or measurements of lateral velocity are not necessary. Simulations show that vehicles controlled by our scheme are input–output diagonal decoupling and execute very well while longitudinal velocity varies in a large range, coupling appears between longitudinal and lateral systems, and external disturbances do exist. In summary, this control scheme can improve handling characteristics, safety and comfort proved from theory to practice in this paper.     

后张法预应力混凝土桥梁施工技术应用

预应力混凝土技术应用于桥梁工程,可有效减少结构裂缝、麻面等桥梁病害。文章分析了预应力技术的优点,并对后张法预应力混凝土桥梁的施工工艺进行阐述。     

磷酸铁锂电池SOC估算的研究

磷酸铁锂电池SOC的估算对电池组的寿命有着重要影响。在完成电池特性实验基础上提出一种能够准确估算磷酸铁锂电池SOC的方法--以Ah计量法为基础,利用开路电压法减小Ah计量法的累计误差。仿真结果表明,所提方法比传统Ah计量法具有更高的精度。     

流花19-5气田脐带缆截面分析优化设计

流花19-5气田使用水下生产系统进行生产,采用了钢制水下脐带缆的设计。脐带缆截面设计和分析是脐带缆系统设计中最关键的部分,其决定了脐带缆的截面形式、脐带缆的重量、尺寸等重要参数。本文从脐带缆的截面分析出发,应用了蒙特卡洛模拟分析方法,优化和验证了脐带缆承压能力分析,之后进行了安装和操作分析,并提出相对于流花19-5气田所采取的一些设计优化。该技术的研究和应用可为其他深水油气田的开发提供很好的参考与借鉴效果。     

曼恩和瓦锡兰船用二冲程双燃料发动机之比较

为加深对曼恩和瓦锡兰船用二冲程柴油-天然气双燃料发动机的了解,帮助船舶选择机型,文章从工作原理、燃气系统、点火油、尾气排放、经济性和安全性等方面对两机型进行比较,发现曼恩发动机在经济性和安全性方面稍具优势,但尾气排放方面却不如瓦锡兰环保。     

东中国海波浪分布特征研究

以美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)再分析气象资料作为驱动风场条件,运用第三代海浪模式WAM的第四版本(WAMC4)在西北太平洋海域建立二级嵌套波浪模型,利用连云港、冷家沙现场观测波浪资料对模型进行了验证,检验了该模型在东中国海波浪研究中的适用性针对东中国海进行了连续60年(1950—2909)的波浪后报模拟,在此基础上开展了东中国海波浪时空分布特征研究.结果表明:四季的平均有效波高等值线与岸线形状基本保持一致,且由南向北逐渐递减;有效波高分布的季节差异显著,冬季浪高最大,其次为秋季,春季、夏季最小。通过对比分析平均波浪要素和5%累积频率波浪要素的定量关系发现,在渤海范围内,5%累积频率有效波高与平均有效波高之比约为2.75,黄海与东海大部该比值则分别约为2.50和2.35,而5%累积频率平均周期与平均周期的比值在整个东中国海范围内约为1.45。     

基于 GJB7691-2012的通用数字示波器自动检定关键技术的研究*

作为一款时域电子测试仪器,示波器在科研、电力、医疗等多个方面得到了广泛的应用,随着计算机技术的不断进步,性能强大的数字示波器应运而生,同时,自动控制技术的普及使得数字示波器自动校准检定成为可能。论文以最新的数字示波器检定规程GJB7691‐2012为基础,针对新规程在检定与计算方法上的调整进行了分析,结合虚拟仪器与数据库技术完成了一种基于FLUK E9500B的通用数字示波器自动检定系统的设计,并就其关键技术进行了研究,同时通过试验结果比较验证了该方案的可靠性与可行性,并在计量工作中得到应用。     

改进R-D算法的ISAR成像仿真研究

在逆合成孔径雷达成像中,距离多普勒算法以其效率高占据了重要的地位。但基本R-D算法要求成像目标转角小,而且存在目标图像横向分辨率低等不足。本文在研究ISAR成像转台模型的基础上,采用脉冲压缩技术、插值技术、极坐标格式、后阈值处理技术以及加权技术改进R-D成像算法。同时对大转角情况下的目标进行成像。算法对二维目标由110个散射点组成的飞机模型进行仿真。仿真结果表明算法的有效性。