关于隧道火灾时火风压计算方法的讨论

文章通过采用试验资料确定温度场,试提出一个较为简单明晰的火风压计算公式.公式表明火风压由三部分组成,烟气的热压差在隧道纵坡较大时占的比例较大,是火风压的主要组成部分;火风压与隧道纵坡成正比关系.文章还结合通风计算算例,发现火灾工况一般不会控制通风设计;提出的计算火风压方法使用方便,原理较为明淅,适合于设计中应用.     

Study on hot spot stress distribution of three-planar tubular Y-joints subjected to in-plane bending moment

The three-planar tubular Y-joint (3Y-joint) is the main part of the fatigue assessment of tripod substructures of offshore wind turbines (OWTs). As typical multiplanar tubular joints, 3Y-joints are affected a lot by multiplanar interaction between braces. Moreover, the locations of hot spot stress (HSS) can vary considerably under different load types. Thus, the distributions of stress concentration factor (SCF) and multiplanar interaction factor (MIF) along weld toe curves are necessary to calculate HSS. Considering these requirements, this study focuses on the 3Y-joint considering the wide application of the tripod substructure of OWT. A finite element (FE) analysis method is introduced and validated. Then, a numerical database is established covering common ranges of parameters used in practice. The SCF and MIF of 3Y-joint under in-plane bending moment are analyzed. Distribution formulas are proposed and proved suitable for calculating HSS in engineering design.     

大跨度拱桥变截面吊杆索力的分析与识别

上海亭枫公路跨平申线航道的三跨30 m+120 m+30 m连续钢桁架拱桥采用变截面吊杆，其施工过程索力的准确识别具有一定的技术难度，需要有效的理论分析结合实际工程经验来解决。利用等截面吊杆索力的计算公式，结合SAP2000变截面吊杆有限元模型的参数分析结果，推导出不同规格的吊杆基准等效长度。根据吊杆基准等效长度和实测频率，采用一端固定、一端铰接的索力计算公式计算索力，并与相应阶段的设计索力进行比较，可以得到主桥吊杆索力基本符合设计要求。     

Engelund弯道横向流速公式改进

Engelund弯道环流公式理论性强、国际上应用广泛,但底部边界条件假设不尽合理,致使公式不适用于粗糙床面。修正了底部滑移速度,提出河底横向湍流切应力形式,将两者用于边界条件。据此得到光滑和粗糙床面统一的弯道环流流速公式,改进了Engelund公式。改进公式具有普遍适用性,且计算值与实测资料符合度优于前人公式。