进站信号机显示及区间三接近编码电路的分析与改进

根据现行铁路规范及技术标准分析京沪线党家庄站既有进站信号机显示及区间三接近编码存在的问题,提出相应的电路修改方案,并通过具体实施取得良好效果,达到列车安全运行的目的.     

浅谈高速公路自动化收费系统车道设备的维护

阐述了高速公路自动化收费系统的维护管理,介绍了自动化收费系统的构成和车道设备的维护,并分析了主要设备故障现象及处理方法.     

Road curvature estimation for vehicle lane departure detection using a robust Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy observer

In this paper, a lane departure detection method is studied and evaluated via a professional vehicle dynamics software. Based on a robust fuzzy observer designed with unmeasurable premise variables with unknown inputs, the road curvature is estimated and compared with the vehicle trajectory curvature. The difference between the two curvatures is used by the proposed algorithm as the first driving risk indicator. To reduce false alarms and take into account the driver corrections, a second driving risk indicator is considered, which is based on the steering dynamics, and it gives the time to the lane keeping. The used nonlinear model deduced from the vehicle lateral dynamics and a vision system is represented by an uncertain Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model. Taking into account the unmeasured variables, an unknown input fuzzy observer is then proposed. Synthesis conditions of the proposed fuzzy observer are formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities using Lyapunov method. The proposed approach is evaluated under different driving scenarios using a software simulator. Simulation results show good efficiency of the proposed method.     

线形空间几何突变对曲线路段车道偏移的影响

为了探讨道路线形变化对侧碰、刮擦等侧向安全事故的影响，以三维空间线形的曲率和挠率作为公路线形几何特征描述参数，以车道偏移量作为侧向行车安全的表征指标，剖析了线形在空间层面发生的几何突变对车道偏离的影响。在山区高速公路开展实车试验，采用侧向行车视频记录连续的车道偏移，进行图像距离与实际距离的标定，并通过图像识别技术自动读取连续的车道偏移曲线，从中获取最大车道偏移作为分析变量。采用单因素方差分析方法，对新手驾驶人和熟练驾驶人在线形空间几何特征不同的曲线路段所表现的最大车道偏移结果展开统计分析和检验。分析结果表明：当空间曲率突变超过一定的临界值时，空间曲率突变与最大车道偏移显著正相关；挠率突变对车道偏移产生的影响主要取决于线形扭转的方向，当线形扭转方向与路拱横坡反向时，会明显加剧最大车道偏移；而线形扭转方向与路拱横坡同向时，会降低最大车道偏移但降低效果不明显；熟练驾驶人的最大车道偏移小于新手驾驶人，这种现象在空间曲率突变较大和挠率突变不利的路段尤为明显。研究结论可为公路线形安全性评价、线形设计优化和路侧安全改善提供参考。     

不同光照条件下直线型车道标识识别方法研究

为了解决不同光照条件下车道标识的识别，提出一种基于双标准可调模板关联技术的车道标识识别方法。该方法首先根据光照的变化采用不同的预处理技术对图像进行处理，然后利用基于统计的方法得到车道的初始化标识线，最后在以该书初始化标识线为尽准建立的感兴趣区域内利用双标准可调模板关联技术对初始化标识线进行矫正从而得到可靠的车道标识线参数。     

城市公交线网的一票制差异化票价策略优化

针对城市公交系统客流空间分布和线网运力配置不均衡问题,提出公交线路间差异化定价策略,通过价格杠杆调节客流需求分布. 针对我国普遍采用的一票制模式,在分析乘客广义出行费用的基础上,利用基于Logit 的线路间客流分配方法,并以总社会成本最低为目标,以满足输送能力和收费额度等为约束,建立了固定需求下的城市公交线网的差异化票价策略优化模型. 根据模型特点,设计了基于模拟退火算法的模型求解方法,综合优化各线路的票价水平和发车频率. 最后,将提出的模型和算法应用到典型公交线网上,算例结果表明,优化方法在较低的收费额度下即可实现较为明显的网络改善效果.     

Utilizing naturalistic driving data for in-depth analysis of driver lane-keeping behavior in rain: Non-parametric MARS and parametric logistic regression modeling approaches

It is known that adverse weather conditions can affect driver performance due to reduction in visibility and slippery surface conditions. Lane keeping is one of the main factors that might be affected by weather conditions. Most of the previous studies on lane keeping have investigated driver lane-keeping performance from driver inattention perspective. In addition, the majority of previous lane-keeping studies have been conducted in controlled environments such as driving simulators. Therefore, there is a lack of studies that investigate driver lane-keeping ability considering adverse weather conditions in naturalistic settings. In this study, the relationship between weather conditions and driver lane-keeping performance was investigated using the SHRP2 naturalistic driving data for 141 drivers between 19 and 89 years of age. Moreover, a threshold was introduced to differentiate lane keeping and lane changing in naturalistic driving data. Two lane-keeping models were developed using the logistic regression and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) to better understand factors affecting driver lane-keeping ability considering adverse weather conditions. The results revealed that heavy rain can significantly increase the standard deviation of lane position (SDLP), which is a very widely used method for analyzing lane-keeping ability. It was also found that traffic conditions, driver age and experience, and posted speed limits have significant effects on driver lane-keeping ability. An interesting finding of this study is that drivers have a better lane-keeping ability in roadways with higher posted speed limits. The results from this study might provide better insights into understanding the complex effect of adverse weather conditions on driver behavior.     

客运专线到发线有效长研究

研究目的：提出客运专线到发线有效长理论分析及计算、缩短到发线有效长的措施及带来的影响等,对减小到发线有效长度,进而节省站场建设工程投资具有深刻的现实意义。研究方法：本文首先确立了到发线有效长计算原则及应综合考虑的因素,其次对到发线有效长构成理论和列车安全防护距离构成进行详细分析,并选取合适的计算参数计算出到发线有效长,最后对缩短到发线有效长的措施及带来的影响进行分析。研究结论：客运专线到发线有效长与车辆性能、列控模式、车载设备性能和站坪坡度有较大关系。经过理论计算,到发线有效长可在目前国内颁布规定的长度上进一步缩短。     

浅谈高速公路自动化收费系统车道控制器的原理和应用

阐述了高速公路自动化收费系统中车道控制器的内部构造、工作原理以及在日常维护中的一些注意事项.