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11.
A general and efficient scaled method for stiffened plates subjected to combined longitudinal compression and lateral pressure is proposed based on slenderness, simply by adjusting the number of stiffeners. The design method makes it easier to determine the dimensions of the scaled model for a given scale ratio compared with the previously proposed method. The emphasis is on the influence of the plate slenderness, the column slenderness, and the non-dimensional parameter of the lateral pressure on the ultimate strength. By maintaining the consistency of the plate slenderness and column slenderness, the proposed method is applicable for designing scaled models with materials of different yield stresses and Young's moduli. A similar effect of the lateral pressure on the ultimate strength of the prototype and scaled models is achieved by maintaining the non-dimensional parameter. In addition, the applicability of the scaled method to the initial deflection is considered, which provides a reference for similar models. The similitude of the scaled method is verified for several typical buckling modes, including the beam–column, tripping, web and overall collapse modes. Given the numerical results, the proposed general and fast scaled method can provide reasonable dimensions of scaled stiffened plates subjected to combined loads. 相似文献
12.
Expansion of pipelines installed on the sea floor due to the passage of high temperature and pressure hydrocarbons leads to lateral buckling. Interaction with a frictional sea floor can result in localization of such buckles, which must be controlled to ensure that the local bending is within acceptable limits. Periodic geometric imperfections introduced to a pipeline installed by reeling using the Residual Curvature Method are modeled and their effectiveness as expansion loops is evaluated. The imperfections are generated by allowing chosen lengths of the line to retain a small curvature by judicious action at the straightener. The model properly accounts for the complex interactions between geometric and material nonlinearities with frictional forces. It is demonstrated that as the temperature increases, the line can buckle in a snap-through manner, or can grow stably usually causing plastic deformation in its crest. The behavior is governed by the length, curvature, amplitude and periodicity of the imperfection, and by the lateral and axial frictional forces that develop. The effect of each of these variables is studied parametrically. Overall, the Residual Curvature Method is found to be a viable and effective method of controlling lateral buckling. The results provide guidance on the optimal periodicity, how to avoid snap-through buckling, and how to simultaneously minimize plastic bending. 相似文献
13.
Roughly 90% of all natural vibrations have epicenters in offshore zones and may cause destruction of submarine and floating structures. Such excitations can influence the safe performance of facilities set up on the seabed, like tunnels, jacket legs and subsea oil pipelines. Some researches on this theme have been carried out to demonstrate the importance of seaquake analyses and their effects have been underlined. The present study intends to numerically simulate a two-dimensional fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem in order to examine the dynamic response of submarine tunnel under real horizontal earthquakes. Pressure is considered as independent nodal variables to represent the fluid flow effects and the induced time-dependent acceleration in porous medium equation is incorporated in the analysis and the tunnel shell is considered as flexible. This work highlights the importance of the input ground motion frequency content that governs the development of the induced seismic stress/strain around the lining of the tunnel. The results demonstrate that for deep sea the increment rate of the circumferential stress caused by surface gravity waves is below 7% when compared to the no-wave interface condition. Moreover, it is confirmed that long-period record may amplify the overall response of the system (up to 60%) specially the lateral and vertical displacements, as well as the principal stress to a lesser extent. The developed numerical model can attend to further analysis of tunnels embedded in a half-space in conjunction with fluid undergoing the severe long-period earthquakes. 相似文献
14.
Unburied subsea pipelines under high-temperature conditions tend to relieve their axial compressive stress by forming localised lateral buckles. This phenomenon is traditionally studied under the assumption of a specific lateral deflection profile (mode) consisting of a fixed number of lobes. We study lateral thermal buckling as a genuinely localised buckling phenomenon by applying homoclinic (‘flat’) boundary conditions. By not having to assume a particular buckling mode we are in a position to study transitions between these traditional modes in typical loading sequences. For the lateral resistance we take a realistic nonlinear pipe-soil interaction model for partially embedded pipelines. We find that for soils with appreciable breakout resistance, i.e., nonmonotonicity of the lateral resistance characteristic, sudden jumps between modes may occur. We consider both symmetric and antisymmetric solutions. The latter turn out to require much higher temperature differences between pipe and environment for the jumps to be induced. We carry out a parameter study on the effect of various pipe-soil interaction parameters on this mode jumping. Away from the jumps post-buckling solutions are reasonably well described by the traditional modes whose analytical expressions may be used during preliminary design. 相似文献
15.
软基路段路堤施工期间的稳定、安全及工后沉降控制是影响施工进度和质量的关键问题,介绍了不同施工期沉降观测和侧向位移观测的监控方法。 相似文献
16.
在轮胎静生趣特怀建模的基础上,探讨了利用轮胎模态参数对轮胎纯侧偏特性的建模。通过侧向激振试验提取了轮胎的侧向模态参数并计算了轮胎在不同载荷下的偏离特性,计算结果与以往轮胎的试验结果具有很好的一致性。计算结果转化为无量纲形式并与经验模型进行了比较,建模和计算结果充分说明了模型的合理并显示了建模方法的优越性。 相似文献
17.
为满足城市快轨交通高平顺性、高稳定性、少养护量的要求,在吸收高铁及城际铁路轨道先进技术的基础上,开展城市快轨有挡肩扣件的设计研究:（1）采用有挡肩、螺栓的结构,优化了扣件的受力状态,进而提高轨道强度和稳定性,可有效解决以往地铁扣件存在的病害,大大降低养护维修工作量;（2）扣压件采用国铁Ⅱ型弹条和新型小阻力弹条,可实现不同的扣件纵向阻力,满足地下线、高架桥等不同工况的使用要求;（3）通过优化扣件结构和主要部件的尺寸,有效降低了扣件的造价。理论计算和试验结果表明,该有挡肩扣件性能满足时速160 km城市快轨的运营要求,达到了预期效果。 相似文献
18.
影响高铁客运站无柱雨棚结构工程造价的因素很多,在收集已建高铁客运站无柱雨棚结构工程造价数据的基础上,针对侧式客站无柱雨棚结构工程造价选取了相应的几个主要影响变量。根据多元回归分析理论,分别建立了多元逐步线性回归模型和二次响应曲面模型,通过拟合模型的对比分析与实例验证,提出二次响应曲面模型在高铁侧式站无柱雨棚结构工程造价估算上的应用前景。并在此基础上,应用二次响应曲面模型研究得出各主要敏感因素对无柱雨棚结构工程造价的敏感程度。从投资角度为高铁侧式站无柱雨棚结构体系设计和建设提供了优化方向。 相似文献
19.
既有线钢桁梁桥横向刚度加固技术 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
对提速线路上5座不同跨度横向振幅严重超限的单线钢桁梁的车桥耦合振动进行分析,提出通过加强下弦杆和上、下平纵联斜杆的加固方案,并据此实施加固。桁梁加固前后理论计算和动力测试结果的分析与比较表明,加固后的桁梁自振频率得到明显提高,跨中横向振幅大幅降低,各项动力特性指标均已满足《铁路桥梁检定规范》所规定的允许值,列车的脱轨系数Q/P和轮重减载率ΔP/P也小于《铁道车辆动力学性能评定和试验鉴定规范》(GB5599—85)所规定的限值,加固后各孔桁梁的横向刚度和动力特性已满足货车80 km.h-1、客车160 km.h-1的安全运行要求,且加固费用大幅度降低。 相似文献
20.
为了评估车辆横向稳定杆的结构合理性,并对其结构进行优化设计,对某车辆横向稳定杆进行了分析。建立了该型稳定杆的 1/2 有限元模型,研究了原结构在载荷作用下的位移和扭转刚度,得到其应力云图与危险位置。在此基础上,以减小局部应力为目标,在不明显降低稳定杆的结构刚度和增大质量的前提下提出结构优化方案。采用有限元分析评估不同的优化方案,并确定了稳定杆的最优结构。研究确定了横向稳定杆的危险位置,并通过优化设计显著降低了其最大应力,能够为车辆横向稳定杆的结构设计和优化提供参考。 相似文献