Incorporating sustainability assessment in transportation planning: an urban transportation vehicle-based approach

Environmental assessments are on the critical path for the development of land, infrastructure and transportation systems. These assessments are based on planning methods which, in turn, are subject to continuous enhancement. The substantial impacts of transportation on environment, society and economy strongly urge the incorporation of sustainability into transportation planning. Two major developments that enhance transportation sustainability are new fuels and vehicle power systems. Traditional planning ignores technology including the large differences among conventional, hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles and buses. The introduction of alternative fuel vehicles is likely to change the traditional transportation planning process because different characteristics need to be taken into account. In this study a sustainability framework is developed that enables assessment of transportation vehicle characteristics. Identified indicators are grouped in five sustainability dimensions (Environment, Technology, Energy, Economy and Users). Our methodology joins life cycle impacts and a set of quantified indicators to assess the sustainability performance of seven popular light-duty vehicles and two types of transit buses. Bus Rapid Transit receives the highest sustainability index and the pickup truck the lowest. Hybrid electric vehicles are found to have the highest sustainability index among all other passenger vehicles. A sensitivity analysis shows the proposed sustainability dimensions produce robust sustainability assessment for several weighting scenarios. The results are both technology and policy sensitive, thus useful for both short- and long-term planning.     

公路规划环评中公众参与框架的设计与实施评价

论文分析了环境影响评价中公众参与的现状和国内外发展的状况以及目前存在的问题，对公众参与在环境影响评价中应用的意义和作用进行了探讨，根据公路规划的特点和环境影响提出了提高公众参与有效性的原则和实施框架，建立了对公众参与过程进行评价的模糊综合评价方法和变权评价方法。研究结果对规范公路规划环评中的公众参与以及保证公众参与的有效实施具有现实意义。     

城市轨道交通最新技术及评定

文章对城市轨道交通系统进行分类、并对其最新发展和商业化运营趋势及其所用的安全评定方法进行了论述.     

C~3Ⅰ系统抗攻击能力评估研究

介绍一种评估C3Ⅰ系统抗攻击能力的方法。首先提出用网络熵的方法进行定量分析,然后用模糊综合评判的方法进行评估,最后结合实例对该方法进行验证,得出评估结论。     

Casualty analysis of large tankers

This article presents detailed results of a comprehensive analysis of recorded accidents of large oil tankers (deadweight greater than 80 000 tonnes) occurring between 1978 and 2003. The analysis encompasses a thorough review of available raw accident data and their postprocessing in a way to produce appropriate statistics useful for the implementation of risk-based assessment methodologies. The processing of the captured data led to the identification of significant qualitative historical trends of tanker accidents and of quantitative characteristics of large tanker accidents, such as overall accident rates per ship-year. Data were also analyzed for all major accident categories separately, taking into account tanker ship size/type, the degree of accident severity, and the oil spill tonne rates per ship-year; this led to the identification of heavily polluted worldwide geographical areas as a result of large tanker accidents.     

车站通过能力计算中的数据处理方法

采集完备而合理的原始数据是计算车站通过能力的基础。为解决客观环境及人为因素造成采集数据失真和影响可靠性的问题,一方面运用灰色系统理论中的弱化缓冲原理进行数据预处理,即从原始数据序列中提取出显著偏离序列的数据元素,采用二阶缓冲数据处理方法进行数据弱化,并将预处理后的数据对应替代原始数据序列中被提取的数据;另一方面,运用数理统计方法推导占用时间标准计算公式中的权重系数,以权重系数替代传统公式中的简单算术平均数。给出数据预处理方法和确定权重系数的具体步骤,并以重庆站成都方向至到发场第2股道的接车作业占用咽喉时间实际数据处理为例,验证了所给出方法可有效减轻随机扰动对原始数据采集的不利影响,使设备占用时间标准的确定更加合理。     

矩阵方法在单因素模糊综合评价中的应用

模糊综合评价技术需要借助评价矩阵,通过对矩阵与权重因素的运算,得出模糊综合评判模型,然后对评判结果进行相应的处理从而得出该类事故的危险程度进而指导企业安全生产。本文主要介绍矩阵方法在单因素模糊综合评价的应用问题。     

海洋平台结构系统可靠性分析及其构件安全等级评判

海洋平台在服役期间将遭遇恶劣的环境载荷，研究其系统可靠性并评价其构件安全等级有着重大意义。本文采用分技界限法寻找结构的主要失效路径，以Ditlevsen界限法求取结构的系统失效概率，最后引进模糊综合评判方法对结构作综合评判．由此得到结构构件的安全等级。文中还具体分析了圆管截面极限方程的建立，讨论了影响系数对系统可靠性计算的影响，得到影响系数与系统失效概率的定性关系。按以上思路编制了空间刚架的通用可靠性分析程序，算例表明程序是合理有效的。     

对自动售检票系统进行风险评估的探讨

自动售检票(AFC)系统作为地铁运营体系的核心部分,其信息的安全性需要得到充分保证.深圳地铁为了提升AFC系统的安全性,建立了信息安全管理体系.结合该体系建立过程,对风险评估的流程和重点进行了探讨.风险评估是在对AFC系统的资产、威胁和脆弱性进行详细的识别和估值后,再计算风险值,得出了系统中一系列存在风险的业务范围和较全面的安全需求.     

长江武汉段航行危险度的模糊综合评价

介绍了模糊综合评价法的数学原理,建立航道航行危险度评价模型,并对长江武汉段的航行危险度进行了综合评价。