集成监控技术在公路隧道中的应用

简要介绍了隧道监控系统的功能特点和发展方向，对隧道集成监控技术和隧道监控的智能化发展进行了分析。     

广西道路客运企业战略转型对策研究

文章阐述了广西道路客运企业转型的必要性和紧迫性,分析了道路客运的优势,提出了道路客运企业转型的基本思路,并深入探讨了道路客运企业转型的对策。     

Estimation of road transport related air pollution in Saint Petersburg using European and Russian calculation models

The paper analyzes Russian and European emission and dispersion models aimed at the estimation of road transport related air pollution on street and regional scale as exemplified with St. Petersburg, Russia. It demonstrates the results of model calculations of peak concentrations of main harmful substances (NО_X, CO and PM₁₀) along the St. Petersburg Ring Road at high traffic volume and adverse meteorological conditions (calm, temperature inversion) executed by means of a Russian street pollution model, and it evaluates the computed results against the measurements from monitoring stations. The paper also examines the ways of adaptation of the COPERT IV model – a software tool for calculation of air pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions from road transport on regional or country scale – to the inventory conditions of the Russian Federation, compares the COPERT IV numerical estimates with the national inventory data. It also reveals the obstacles and possibilities in the harmonization of the Russian and European approaches.     

Do reforms reduce the magnitudes of cost overruns in road projects? Statistical evidence from Norway

Although governments often respond to the prevalent cost overruns of transportation projects by reforming the agencies charged with overseeing the construction of projects, the transportation research literature has not provided statistical evidence as to whether such reforms assist in reducing cost overruns. This paper provides such evidence using the Norwegian road sector as a case study. The agency in question was reformed twice, from a monopolistic to a semi-monopolistic organization, and finally, to a fully competitive organization in which road construction was divided out into a separate company and privatized. In this work, we use statistical inferences to explore the related issues. The data set is composed of 1045 projects evenly distributed across the three organizational forms. The results demonstrate that the impact of the reforms has not been equal. The most important impact occurred in the final reform of full competition in which both the cost overruns and delays in construction among larger projects were greatly reduced. The second reform appears to have had a contrasting impact. For transportation research in general, we call for additional studies that will reveal the extent to which efforts carried out by governments (such as reforms) improve the efficiency of these sectors.     

Assessing greenhouse gas and related air pollutant emissions from road traffic counts: A case study for Mauritius

The road transport sector is one of the major contributors of greenhouse gases and other air pollutants emissions. Regional emissions levels from road vehicles were investigated, in Mauritius, by applying a fuel-based approach. We estimated fuel consumption and air emissions based on traffic counts on the various types of classified roads at three different regional set ups, namely urban, semi urban and rural. The Relative Development Index (RDI), a composite index calculated from socio-economic and environmental indicators was used to classify regions. Our results show that the urban motorways were the most polluting due to heavy traffic. Some rural areas had important pollution levels as well. Our analysis of variance (ANOVA), however, showed little difference in emissions among road types and regions. The study can provide a simple tool for researchers in countries where data are very scarce, as is the case for many developing countries.     

北美岩沥青干湿法改性机理比较分析

文章采用显微镜手段和DSO微观表征手段分别对干法和湿法工艺的北美岩沥青改性机理进行了研究,并对这两种不同工艺生产的沥青混合料性能进行了比较分析。研究结果表明：干法改性的沥青混合料有更好的路用性能。     

防城花岗岩集料及沥青混合料性能的试验评价

为论证防城花岗岩集料在高速公路沥青路面中应用的可行性,文章对花岗岩集料密度、针片状含量、粘附性、压碎值及级配等特性进行了试验分析,并对花岗岩集料沥青混合料AC-25的路用性能进行了检验。结果表明:防城花岗岩集料的吸水率比石灰岩集料的略大0.1%～0.3%、针片状含量偏大,花岗岩集料的粘附性为三级,(0～5)mm石屑的级配偏粗,其高温压碎值满足技术要求;花岗岩沥青混合料AC-25的油石比与石灰岩集料相比约增大0.3%;未掺配抗剥落剂或水泥的花岗岩沥青混合料AC-25的水稳定性能不满足现行规范的技术要求。     

广西滨海地区软土地基处理方法探讨

文章依托广西滨海公路犀牛脚至大风江段工程,分析了在道路软基处理中采用常用的设计方法存在的问题,根据动态设计法提出了软土地基处理的优化方案,并结合具体工程实例,对该工程的地基处理办法进行了方案比选。     

从《道路交通安全法》看公路运输市场安全治理

道路运输安全是一项需综合治理的系统工程,不仅需要社会各方相互配合,更需要相应的法律手段进行规制。文章阐述了《道路交通安全法》在规范运输市场安全秩序中的作用,分析了《道路交通安全法》实施后我国公路运输市场现状及存在的问题,提出了推进道路交通运输市场规范化发展的对策建议。     

低等级公路路基施工探讨

近几年来随着我国社会经济的高速发展,村通公路政策的实施,农村道路的建设大大加强了城乡经济的发展。而随着公路的陆续通车使用,道路出现了路基滑坡、崩坍、边坡落石、路面翻浆等病害,后期维护费用大的相关问题。为控制好前期施工质量,减小后期道路病害的发生,本文从道路前期施工中的路基排水、边坡稳定、路堤路堑的施工方法等几个关键环节应注意的问题进行论述。