公路砖石拱桥加固原理及实效分析

以砖石拱桥的加固实例为工程背景,对砖石拱桥原拱圈下增设拱圈、原拱上增设钢筋混凝土拱圈、钢杆件拉结、钢板箍与螺栓锚固等几种加固方法的施工工艺流程、适用范围、注意事项等进行描述和探讨.     

超大跨度斜拉桥施工过程力学行为

斜拉桥结构效应在施工过程中具有典型的时空变化特性，但目前对效应的时程特性及时空包络关注较少。建立精细的几何非线性分析模型，分析主跨1088m的苏通大桥施工过程力学行为，包括施工阶段效应增量、效应时程、效应包络及恒载效应。研究结果有助于结构设计和施工控制。     

A design method of tensile triangles and low transformation temperature weld metal for reduction of stress concentration and residual stress of welded joints

Stress concentration and residual stress have a significant influence on fatigue life of welded joints. In order to reduce the stress concentration of welded joints, a mathematical design method of tensile triangles (MTT) based on bionics was applied to weld shape design. Accordingly, the stress concentration of various weld beads in the corner boxing welded joint and the fillet welded T-joint was dissected using our in-house FEM software JWRIAN. It was found that there existed a large stress concentration in the conventional welded joints, whereas those welded joints with elongated weld bead were accompanied by a lower stress concentration, especially for elongated weld bead with MTT design. Furthermore, among the weld shapes of the corner boxing fillet welded joint, the rectangle shape of weld bead had the minimum stress concentration factor (1.05). For the fillet welded T-joint with MTT design, the stress concentration of weld toe decreased dramatically with the increase of the index of designed shape, but there was a minor difference of stress concentration at weld root between the weld beads with MTT design. In addition, application of low transformation temperature (LTT) weld metal utilizing martensitic transformation to the fillet welded T-joints can produce compressive residual stress at weld toe.     

成昆铁路矮塔斜拉桥索梁锚固区模型试验研究北大核心

为研究铁路矮塔斜拉桥索梁锚固区的受力形式,以成昆铁路金沙江大桥为工程背景,针对该桥采用的新型梁顶混凝土锚固构造,通过缩尺模型试验研究其在不同荷载下的应力分布和开裂特征。结果表明:在斜拉桥成桥恒载索力作用以及最不利荷载组合索力作用下,C7锚固块更容易发生破坏,将其作为试验构件开展缩尺模型试验,发现锚固块在不同张拉荷载作用下张拉至设计索力的过程中,应变增幅基本上线性增加,卸载后同样呈线性减小,说明混凝土受力处在线弹性阶段,且应力在规范要求范围内。在试验荷载加载至140%设计索力时,锚固块前端倒角位置开始出现细小裂纹且随荷载的增加不断开展。当荷载卸载至0时,之前出现的裂缝随荷载的减小逐渐闭合,宽度肉眼不可见,表明该构造能够满足正常使用要求且具备足够的安全储备。     

Policy packages for modal shift and CO2 reduction in Lille,France

This paper proposes different policy scenarios to cut CO₂ emissions caused by the urban mobility of passengers. More precisely, we compare the effects of the ‘direct tool’ of carbon tax, to a combination of ‘indirect tools’ – not originally aimed at reducing CO₂ (i.e. congestion charging, parking charges and a reduction in public transport travel time) in terms of CO₂ impacts through a change in the modal split. In our model, modal choices depend on individual characteristics, trip features (including the effects of policy tools), and land use at origin and destination zones. Personal “CO₂ emissions budgets” resulting from the trips observed in the metropolitan area of Lille (France) in 2006 are calculated and compared to the situation related to the different policy scenarios. We find that an increase of 50% in parking charges combined with a cordon toll of €1.20 and a 10% travel time decrease in public transport services (made after recycling toll-revenues) is the winning scenario. The combined effects of all the policy scenarios are superior to their separate effects.     

马鞍山长江公路大桥钢塔线形控制技术

马鞍山长江公路大桥左汊主桥为（360＋2×1080＋360） m的三塔两跨悬索桥，中塔采用钢－混叠合、塔梁固结门式结构，下塔柱为预应力钢筋混凝土结构，上塔柱为钢结构，钢塔共分21个节段，首节采用浮吊安装，标准节段长6 m ，最大起吊重达235 t ，采用塔吊进行安装。为确保钢塔线形满足要求，对影响钢塔安装精度因素进行分析，形成以控制钢塔制造质量为核心、钢塔首节段安装精度为基础的线形控制流程，对钢塔节段进行工厂制造控制和现场安装控制。工厂制造控制包括零部件加工、块体制作、节段组拼、端面机加工、预拼装；现场安装控制包括首节段安装、标准节段安装、横梁与钢塔的连接。实践表明，该桥采用以控制钢塔制造精度为核心的钢塔线形控制技术进行钢塔架设施工，施工过程中钢塔制造精度和安装精度满足要求，实现了钢塔线形控制的目的。     

高速公路低路基设计探讨

从高速公路采用低路基设计的必要性、可行性及采取相应措施几方面进行探讨,从而达到节约土地资源这一关系整个国民经济发展和社会稳定的重大战略问题。     

某磁浮大跨斜拉桥竖向刚度限值研究

以某磁浮轨道交通(40+80+228+228+80+40)m大跨钢箱梁斜拉桥为研究对象,采用有限元软件ANSYS和多体动力学软件UM分别建立桥梁和磁浮列车模型.基于车桥耦合振动方法,针对2列磁浮列车相向行驶并在主跨跨中交会的最不利情形,进行列车以不同速度通过桥梁时不同梁高下车桥系统的动力响应及磁浮大跨桥梁的竖向刚度限值...     

稳定索对三塔斜拉桥动力性能的影响

分别对无稳定索和有稳定索的三塔斜拉桥进行了模态分析和反应谱分析.计算结果表明,稳定索的设置提高了三塔斜拉桥的竖向弯曲振型频率,降低了塔顶和跨中在地震作用下的位移反应.     

夔门大桥施工阶段稳定性研究

以夔门大桥为实例建立计算模型,借助于大型有限元分析软件MSC/Nastran对该桥进行了线性和非线性稳定性的对比和分析.分析表明,对于大跨径斜拉桥必须采用非线性分析评价结构稳定性才有实际意义.