长大高速公路隧道瓦斯人工检测及日常管理

文章依托成都至自贡至泸州高速公路马鞍山隧道工程,详细介绍了隧道瓦斯的人工监测方案及其日常管理维护内容,为今后长大高速公路隧道的安全施工及营运提供参考。     

中外斜坡堤胸墙波浪力计算对比

斜坡堤胸墙对于减轻越浪危害至关重要,国内外各胸墙波浪力计算方法的结果差异较大。基于国内外几种斜坡堤胸墙波浪力计算方法,结合工程案例和试验数据进行对比研究。结果表明:1)特定条件下,我国规范计算的水平波浪力压强分布高度远小于Jensen法和Pedersen法结果,后两法计算结果与实测高度一致。2)Jensen法和Pedersen法计算的水平波浪力及浮托力均比国内港工方法大,也大于实测值。3)港工规范计算的总水平波浪力比实测值小,其计算出的浮托力与实测值较为接近。4)Jensen法考虑了掩护棱体肩台高度的作用,Pedersen法考虑了掩护棱体肩台高度与宽度的影响。此二法考虑得相对全面,但其按深水波长计算0.1%超越概率的波浪力,计算结果偏于保守。5)建议重要工程以模型试验结果为准。     

Prediction of vibrating forces on meshing gears for a gear rattle using a new multi-body dynamic model

An efficient multibody dynamic model was developed to predict the vibrating transmitted gear forces of loaded and unloaded pairs of helical gears simultaneously at all speeds. The model can also calculate the bearing forces of a manual transmission that, in turn, may be converted to rattling noises. The bending of meshing gear teeth and torsional flexibility of transmission shafts were considered and embodied effectively in the multibody dynamic model by calculating the tooth bending stiffness and adding a torsion spring on a shaft section between two gears, respectively. The reactive forces on teeth and bearings were calculated and compared using three different models that were developed for this study — an equivalent model, a rigid-body model, and a frequency-based model. The equivalent model took only 58% computation time, compared to the frequency-based method, even though the two showed very similar results.     

A probabilistic approach to calculate capacity of signalized intersections with a red light camera

In recent years, red light cameras (RLCs) have been installed at many signalized intersections. The main reason behind installing RLCs is to reduce intersection‐related accidents caused because of a driver's behavior to cross the intersection when the signal turns red. By nature, if the driver is aware of the presence of RLC his or her driving behavior is bound to change. This behavioral change, however, may be intentional or unintentional. This may influence the utilization of yellow intervals resulting in a possible increase in dilemma zone, which in turn, may reduce the service capacity of the intersection. To accurately capture this capacity reduction, we present a probabilistic approach to modify the saturation flow rate formula in the Highway Capacity Manual that is currently used to calculate the capacity of signalized intersections. We introduce a new factor in the saturation flow rate calculation called red light reduction factor, to account for the capacity reduction owing to RLCs. Using field data from Baltimore, Maryland, we establish a relationship for the red light reduction factor. We then show that capacity of RLC‐equipped intersections is generally lower than that without RLCs. Although the percentage reduction in capacity of a single intersection may not seem significant, the cumulative impact of such reduction in a heavily traveled road network may be quite significant, resulting in significant loss in travel time. In future works, the systemwide capacity reduction owing to the presence of RLCs can be studied in congested transportation networks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于BP神经网络技术的居民机动车出行分布预测研究

以各交通小区区位势、路阻、出行产生量、出行吸引量作为输出参数,输出得到出行分布量.结果表明该模型具有较高的预测精度.     

A random forests approach to prioritize Highway Safety Manual (HSM) variables for data collection

The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) recommends using the empirical Bayes method with locally derived calibration factors to predict an agency's safety performance. The data needs for deriving these local calibration factors are significant, requiring very detailed roadway characteristics information. Many of these data variables are currently unavailable in most of the agencies' databases. Furthermore, it is not economically feasible to collect and maintain all the HSM data variables. This study aims to prioritize the HSM calibration variables based on their impact on crash predictions. Prioritization would help to identify influential variables for which data could be collected and maintained for continued updates, and thereby reduce intensive data collection efforts. Data were first collected for all the HSM variables from over 2400 miles of urban and suburban arterial road networks in Florida. Using 5 years (2008–2012) of crash data, a random forests data mining approach was then applied to measure the importance of each variable in crash frequency predictions for five different urban and suburban arterial facilities including two‐lane undivided, three‐lane with a two‐way left‐turn lane, four‐lane undivided, four‐lane divided, and five‐lane with a two‐way left‐turn lane. Two heuristic approaches were adopted to prioritize the variables: (i) simple ranking based on individual relative influence of variables; and (ii) clustering based on relative influence of variables within a specific range. Traffic volume was found as the most influential variable. Roadside object density, minor commercial driveway density, and minor residential driveway density variables were the other variables with significant influence on crash predictions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

特殊地质条件人工挖孔的成孔措施

阐述了在流动性淤泥、流砂、岩溶等特殊地质条件下进行人工挖孔施工的成孔措施,可供类似工程参考.     

浅谈CTCS-2级列控中心系统功能人工仿真测试

以下辛店站列控系统试验为例,简要论述了CTCS-2级列控中心系统功能人工仿真测试的内容和方法.     

汽车点焊工艺参数选择及接头质量预测人工智能化研究

提出了一个集成专家系统和人工神经网络的电阻点焊工艺参数选择人工智能系统。试运行结果表明，该系统充分发挥了专家系统和人工神经网络各自的优点，具有使用简单、预测准确度高、速度快等优点，是实用、合理的，这就为点焊工艺参数优选和接头质量预测提供了一种有效的新方法。     

混合式空气悬架的设计

介绍了混合式空气悬架的设计与计算。前悬架设计多数采用空气弹簧直接布置在半椭圆钢板弹簧中部的上方；后悬架设计多数采用空气弹簧布置的钢板弹簧布置在钢板弹簧的一端。对混合式空气悬架的计算公式也作了介绍。