积极开展市场营销促进港口快速发展

从港口业的特点出发,结合市场营销理论,分析了港口市场营销过程中的4P因素,论述了港口开展市场营销的必要性以及目前存在的主要问题,最后从产品、价格、渠道和促销四个方面提出了港口开展市场营销的策略。     

网通企业市场营销策略

通信全球化与国际竞争的新趋势,给我国网通企业带来了前所未有的压力与挑战,根据我国网通企业行业特点与营销重点,提出全员营销、摒弃传统广告宣传方式、营建全新企业文化及拓宽范围,实行差别化经营等策略。     

2005年上半年国内SUV市场及未来发展趋势分析

与2004年同期相比，2005年上半年的国内SUV市场仍表现为下降，但是下降的速度在逐渐放缓。SUV市场发展呈现出一些新特点，在政策环境和市场需求等因素的影响下，未来国内SUV呈现低油耗、高档化、城市化及柴油化的发展趋势。     

Market role and regulation of extensive urban minibus services as large bus service capacity is restored - Case studies from Ghana, Georgia and Kazakhstan

In some cities, the degeneration and collapse of formal bus services has allowed large-scale minibus operations to become established but, over time, city authorities and municipal bus operators regain at least part of their operating capacity and seek to regain their market share. This paper examines and compares three case studies: Accra, Tbilisi, and cities of Kazakhstan. It examines the development of the urban minibus services market as conventional bus services went into decline, the gradual re-emergence of large buses, how the authorities have viewed the minibuses as circumstances change, and market and regulatory strategies followed by city authorities.     

基于用户实际工况的商用车动力传动系统匹配研究

本文的研究主要是根据市场细分原则,目标车型的需要,用Matlab语言编制仿真计算程序计算功率需求,并利用Cruise软件对结合综合工况下的整车动力性、燃油经济性进行仿真分析,考虑用户的实际驾驶习惯,最终选择出满足市场需求的动力传动系统总成参数,使整车的动力性、经济性、加速性能都达到最优,达成预期性能指标,为相关产品开发提供了理论依据和匹配方法。     

铁路工程投标报价决策模型及其应用研究

通过对国内铁路工程行业招标管理办法及规则的分析研究，找出其影响投标报价的核心内容和约束条件以及它们之间的内在联系，用数学的方法把这些内在的联系和约束条件用一个通用数学模型联系起来。然后通过对参数的选择和分析确定，运用数学模型计算出一个最佳报价区间或最佳报价点，再结合对竞争对手的报价习惯的分析选定，运用模型计算出一个最佳报价降低系数供报价决策使用。通过实际使用情况看，本模型具有操作性强、精确度高的特点。     

Competition in multi-modal transport networks: A dynamic approach

We analyze the behavior of market participants in a multi-modal commuter network, where roads are not priced, but public transport has a usage fee, which is set while taking the effects on the roads into account. In particular, we analyze the difference between markets with a monopolistic public transport operator, which operates all public transport links, and markets in which separate operators own each public transport link. To do so, we consider a simple dynamic transport network consisting of two serial segments and two parallel congestible modes of transport. We obtain a reduced form of the public transport operator’s optimal fare setting problem and show that, even if the total travel demand is inelastic, serial Bertrand–Nash competition on the public transport links leads to different fares than a serial monopoly; a result not observed in a static model. This results from the fact that trip timing decisions, and therefore the generalized prices of all commuters, are influenced by all fares in the network. We then use numerical simulations to show that, contrary to the results obtained in classic studies on vertical competition, monopolistic fares are not always lower than duopolistic fares; the opposite can also occur. We also explore how different parameters influence the price differential, and how this affects welfare.     

Market power and its determinants in the Chinese airline industry

This paper first measures the degree of Chinese airlines’ market power by using Lerner index, and then investigates its determinants. Our empirical results show that a certain degree of market power exists in the Chinese airline industry. Of the three dominant carriers, Air China exhibits the strongest market power whereas China Eastern Airlines the weakest, with China Southern Airlines being in the middle. Furthermore, the extent of market power varies significantly among regional markets, with China’s northeast region as the strongest, followed by the eastern and western regions, and the central area as the weakest. We also find a hub-premium effect similar to the result found in the US airline market. Our analysis shows that the existence of high-speed rail and low-cost carriers, income level, population size, seasonality, and number of competing airlines are the main determinants of competition in the Chinese airline market.     

Who will buy electric vehicles? Identifying early adopters in Germany

Electric vehicles (EVs) have noteworthy potential to reduce global and local emissions and are expected to become a relevant future market for vehicle sales. Both policy makers and car manufacturers have an interest to understand the first large EV user group, frequently referred to as ‘early adopters’. However, there are only a few empirical results available for this important group. In this paper, we analyse and discuss several empirical data sets from Germany, characterising this user group from both a user and a product perspective, i.e. who is willing to buy an EV and who should buy one. Our results show that the most likely group of private EV buyers in Germany are middle-aged men with technical professions living in rural or suburban multi-person households. They own a large share of vehicles in general, are more likely to profit from the economical benefits of these vehicles due to their annual vehicle kilometres travelled and the share of inner-city driving. They state a higher willingness to buy electric vehicles than other potential adopter groups and their higher socio-economic status allows them to purchase EVs. In contrast to this, inhabitants of major cities are less likely to buy EVs since they form a small group of car owners in general, their mileage is too low for EVs to pay off economically and they state lower interest and lower willingness to pay for EVs than other groups. Our results indicate that transport policy promoting EVs should focus on middle-aged men with families from rural and sub-urban cities as first private EV buyers.     

大学生方程式赛车营销市场分析

中国大学生方程式汽车大赛(FSC)是一项由高等院校汽车工程或汽车相关专业在校学生组队参加的汽车设计与制造比赛。文章以我校"湘农枫行"赛车为研究对象,着眼于赛车营销市场,在赛车市场环境、营销方案、赛车售后服务、投资分析等方面进行探索分析,以期为大学生方程式赛车在市场营销方面提供一些建议,并进一步促进赛车整体水平的提高。