大跨度连续刚构桥最大双悬臂施工状态的风致内力分析

以主跨为200m的预应力混凝土三跨连续刚构桥为工程背景,通过数值分析,讨论了其动力特性;给出了设计风速范围内、两种不同工况作用下,最大双悬臂施工状态主梁各控制截面的风致内力。     

语篇衔接在汉英互译中的应用

本文应用韩礼德的语篇衔接理论对比英汉语篇中的衔接手段,并用译例阐述衔接在英汉互译中的具体转换。本文认为译者应该认识和把握英汉衔接手段的异同,顺应译文语篇的衔接规范,在译文中异曲同工地复现原文语篇的衔接关系。     

英汉语篇中的照应对比研究

照应是语篇衔接中最重的语法手段之一。它是一种语义关系,指的是语篇中一个语言成分与另一个可与之相互解释的成分之间的关系。英汉两种语言在照应的类型上基本一致,大体可分为:人称照应、指示照应和比较照应。但在具体的照应手段上,二者还是有差别的。英语使用人称代词和指示代词的频率显然高于汉语,而汉语通过零式指代和名词的重复使用来表达照应关系的现象则远远超过英语。这与英语重形合、汉语重意合的这一区别性特征有着紧密关系。此外,英语还可以通过改变词语的形态来表达指称照应意义;而汉语则没有形态的变化。本文通过对比分析,系统说明照应在英汉语篇中的衔接情况。     

A nested recursive logit model for route choice analysis

We propose a route choice model that relaxes the independence from irrelevant alternatives property of the logit model by allowing scale parameters to be link specific. Similar to the recursive logit (RL) model proposed by Fosgerau et al. (2013), the choice of path is modeled as a sequence of link choices and the model does not require any sampling of choice sets. Furthermore, the model can be consistently estimated and efficiently used for prediction.A key challenge lies in the computation of the value functions, i.e. the expected maximum utility from any position in the network to a destination. The value functions are the solution to a system of non-linear equations. We propose an iterative method with dynamic accuracy that allows to efficiently solve these systems.We report estimation results and a cross-validation study for a real network. The results show that the NRL model yields sensible parameter estimates and the fit is significantly better than the RL model. Moreover, the NRL model outperforms the RL model in terms of prediction.     

Link travel time inference using entry/exit information of trips on a network

This paper studies link travel time estimation using entry/exit time stamps of trips on a steady-state transportation network. We propose two inference methods based on the likelihood principle, assuming each link associates with a random travel time. The first method considers independent and Gaussian distributed link travel times, using the additive property that trip time has a closed-form distribution as the summation of link travel times. We particularly analyze the mean estimates when the variances of trip time estimates are known with a high degree of precision and examine the uniqueness of solutions. Two cases are discussed in detail: one with known paths of all trips and the other with unknown paths of some trips. We apply the Gaussian mixture model and the Expectation–Maximization (EM) algorithm to deal with the latter. The second method splits trip time proportionally among links traversed to deal with more general link travel time distributions such as log-normal. This approach builds upon an expected log-likelihood function which naturally leads to an iterative procedure analogous to the EM algorithm for solutions. Simulation tests on a simple nine-link network and on the Sioux Falls network respectively indicate that the two methods both perform well. The second method (i.e., trip splitting approximation) generally runs faster but with larger errors of estimated standard deviations of link travel times.     

国内外水泥砼路面硬刻槽应用现状分析

随着人们对路面抗滑重要性认识的提高,关于如何提高路面抗滑性能、减少交通事故已经成为非常突出的问题。而水泥混凝土路面尤其是高速公路路面的一般抗滑构造已明显不能满足现行路面对抗滑的要求,故通过调查分析国内外刻槽技术的研究与应用现状,提出合理的刻槽参数,对增加道路的抗滑力,保证交通安全具有十分重要的意义。     

黄土强度指标对边坡稳定性的影响研究

采用弹塑性有限元法,计算了陕西关中-黄陵地区边坡潜在滑带内的应力状态,应用莫尔库仑强度理论分析了不同坡高坡度下c、φ值对边坡稳定系数的影响.结果表明:黄土c值对低坡稳定性起控制作用,φ值对高坡稳定性起控制作用,中间有一过渡坡高段,c、φ值对边坡稳定性都有较大的影响,在过渡坡高段黄土边坡失效概率最大,关中-黄陵地区边坡的过渡坡高大约在30 m左右.对于不同坡度的边坡,其破坏机理不同,陡坡滑面浅,坡脚应力严重集中,c发挥效用相对较高;缓坡滑面深,滑面内正应力大,φ发挥效用相对较高.对坡度陡的黄土基坑及公路低边坡,需合理估计c值,而对于坡度较缓的高边坡或滑坡,合理估算φ值更为重要.     

交通网络两个相邻结点之间有流量约束的最大流分配算法

交通网络最大流的分配是基于容量限制条件和流量守恒条件进行的,但在实际应用中,往往对交通网络中两个相邻结点之间的流量有具体的要求和约束限制。本文对交通网络中两个相邻结点之间的流量约束问题进行了分析,基于寻找增流链的算法,构造了带有上限或下限三种流量约束限制条件下的最大流分配算法,这些算法可以为解决实际的交通问题提供一定的应用基础．     

兰渝铁路盖家阴山滑坡稳定系数水敏性分析

以兰渝铁路盖家阴山滑坡为例,进行了滑带土大型直剪试验,讨论了滑带土的c,φ值随含水率变化规律.通过传递系数法进行了滑坡稳定系数对强度参数c,φ值和地下水位变幅的敏感性分析,结果表明:随着含水率的增加,内摩擦角φ基本呈线性减小,黏聚力c呈现先增加而后又逐渐变小的特征;滑带土黏聚力c每降低1 kPa,稳定性系数将减小0.01~0.02;内摩擦角φ每降低1°,稳定性系数将减小0.07~0.09;在降水和地震条件下,当水位变幅系数δ大于0.53时,滑坡体将会发生蠕滑变形,甚至是失稳滑动.