A methodology for vehicle sideslip angle identification: comparison with experimental data

Sideslip angle could provide important information concerning vehicle's stability. Unfortunately direct measurement of sideslip angle requires a complex and expensive experimental set-up, which is not suitable for implementation on ordinary passenger cars; thus, this quantity has to be estimated starting from the measurements of vehicle lateral/longitudinal acceleration, speed, yaw rate and steer angle. According to the proposed methodology, sideslip angle is estimated as a weighted mean of the results provided by a kinematic formulation and those obtained through a state observer based on vehicle single-track model. Kinematical formula is considered reliable for a transient manoeuvre, while the state observer is used in nearly quasi-state condition. The basic idea of the work is to make use of the information provided by the kinematic formulation during a transient manoeuvre to update the single-track model parameters (tires cornering stiffnesses). A fuzzy-logic procedure was implemented to identify steady state or transient conditions.     

基于分类管理的汽车制造业供应商评价与选择方法

针对汽车制造业零部件数量大、种类多及差别大的特点,结合零部件在整车中的地位和作用,提出将零部件按重要程度分类的思想,并给出具体的分类指标,在此基础上建立汽车制造业供应商评价与选择程序模型。重点阐述了一级零部件的评选策略,并对现有的各种评价方法的优缺点进行了比较,为汽车制造业对零部件供应商的评价与选择提供了依据。     

呼和浩特市客运出租汽车数量预测模型研究

一个城市的客运出租市场是否需要投放出租汽车和投放数量的多少,不仅影响服务质量,也影响每位出租汽车经营者的自身利益,从而影响整个．出租汽车行业的稳定与健康发展。本文对出租汽车影响较大的因素进行了统计和相关性分析,确定了自变量,采用回归模型和曲线拟合的方法建立了未来年份的出租汽车数量预测模型,预测结果和往年历史数据对比表明,时间变量的一元线性模型和实际值较接近;幂函数曲线的预测值增加较快,就呼和浩特市的具体情况,幂函数曲线的预测效果较好。本文给出了适合呼和浩特市区的出租汽车发展趋势和合理的数量预测。     

轮胎／路面附着系数估算方法

为提高汽车主动安全系统自适应控制性能,需要对轮胎／路面附着系数进行精确的识别或估算。鉴于附着系数估计的复杂性,文章综述了目前路面附着系数估算中的汽车动力学建模和轮胎／路面摩擦模型建模,重点讨论了轮胎／路面附着系数识别算法中传感器的直接检测估计法,以及基于车辆动力学、回正力矩和状态观测器等动力学模型的估计算法,并对各估算方法存在的问题与发展趋势等进行了分析。对开发汽车主动安全电控系统和提高汽车产业核心竞争力具有重要意义。     

Lightweight Occupancy Estimation on Freeways Using Extended Floating Car Data

Advanced traffic management systems rely heavily on technology to perform accurate estimations of the current state of the traffic as well as its short-term evolution. The objectives are improving traffic flow and enhancing road safety. Their success is based on accurate monitoring of two key variables, specifically speed and occupancy. The latter of the two has, to date, received significantly less attention from the scientific community. In this work we present a lightweight method to perform “on-line” occupancy estimation. We first propose three occupancy measurements calculated from data collected by a floating car: vehicle count, percentage of stop time, and headway. We then extend these discrete values to a continuous estimation of occupancy in space and time. The proposed estimators are based on a pairwise linear regression of each of the previously calculated measurements over certain references obtained from other floating cars or magnetic loop detectors. The method has been calibrated and validated under real traffic conditions and data. Despite the ease of implementation, the method is able to reproduce the occupancy values generated by the actual loop detectors, achieving promising results, with estimation errors down to 6.52%, even before multivehicle systems are considered.     

Empirical Estimation of Term Structure of Interbank Rates in China

Nelson-Siegel model （ NS model） and 2 extended NS models were compared by using daily interbank government bond data Based on the grouping of bonds according to the residual term to maturity, the empirical research proceeded with in-sample and outof-sample tests. The results show that the 3 models are almost equivalent in estimating interbank term structure of interest rates. Within the term to maturities between 0 and 7 years, the gap of the absolute errors of the 3 models between in-sample and out-of-sample is smRller than 0.2 Yuan, and the absolute values of the in-sample and out-of-sample errors are smaller than 0. 1 Yuan, so the estimation is credible. Within the term to maturities between 7 and 20 years, the gap of the absolute errors of the 3 models between in-sample and out-of-sample is larger than 0.4 Yuan, and the absolute values of the in-sample and out-of-sample errors are larger than 1.0 Yuan, so the estimation is incredible.     

基于中心差分卡尔曼滤波的车速估计研究

针对车辆行驶过程中车速估计问题,论文基于中心差分卡尔曼滤波理论设计了车速的估计算法。建立了非线性三自由度车辆估算模型,根据纵向加速度、侧向加速度和方向盘转角低成本传感器信号的信息融合,实现对车速的准确估计,应用CarSim与Matl ab/Simulink联合仿真实验对算法进行验证。结果表明:估计算法能够准确估计车辆行驶过程中的纵向车速、侧向车速和质心侧偏角。     

提高GPS定位精度的新方法

提出了一种提高ＧＰＳ定位精度的新方法。用该方法可以准确地对ＧＰＳ定位数据进行建模和一步预测，在此基础上通过自适应滤能够提高ＧＰＳ定位精度３－５倍。定点实时数据处理证明了此方法的有效性。     

路面附着系数估算技术发展现状综述

对路面附着系数估算领域的研究状况进行了综合叙述,并对其缺陷和今后发展方向进行了讨论。