错误出生之侵权损害赔偿

自《侵权责任法》颁布以来,学者就错误出生案件能否纳入《侵权责任法》的调整范围展开了不同程度的讨论。为使“错误出生”案件中受侵害一方能够获得最大程度的法律救济,文章肯定“错误出生”案件可以适用《侵权责任法》的相关法律规定,并从侵权法理论出发,系统分析了“错误出生”案件适用《侵权责任法》的法理基础,厘清了“错误出生”的相关概念以及“错误出生”损害赔偿的范围,力图给我国的司法实践活动提供一些参考。     

碳纳米管对硅酸盐水泥耐腐蚀性的影响研究

研究了碳纳米管对硅酸盐水泥耐腐蚀性的影响,采用SEM和能谱对碳纳米管水泥的水化产物形貌进行测试,并对改性机理进行了初步研究.试验结果表明:碳纳米管的掺入可以改善水泥净浆的抗酸性硫酸盐及盐酸侵蚀,当碳纳米管的掺量为0.1％时,水泥净浆试件的抗腐蚀性最佳.在最佳掺量下,水泥净浆试件在浓度分别为5％的Na2SO4和HC1溶液中浸泡28 d的抗压强度较未掺杂碳纳米管试件分别提高了46.3％和56.8％,抗拉强度分别提高了60.3％和11.5％.初步分析碳纳米管的掺入可改善硅酸盐水泥耐腐蚀性的机理在于填充作用和桥联增强效应.     

复合套拱在某隧道洞口段的应用及力学性能分析

为全面掌握偏压隧道洞口段复合式套拱的力学性能,通过对林屋隧道进口洞口段的复合套拱的桩底应力、桩身应力、钢架应力及拱顶下沉等进行了监控量测,并对监测结果进行分析。结果表明:在偏压地形情况下,复合套拱桩基底应力分布不均匀,极易造成基底不均匀沉降;偏压隧道洞口段复合套拱受力情况复杂,桩身底部易产生拉应力,拱肩、拱顶部位易产生较大压应力,不利于整体稳定性;复合套拱的两侧边桩对于提高隧道洞口整体稳定性有极大作用。     

Fabrication and compressive properties of expanded polystyrene foamed concrete: Experimental research and modeling

As the construction of high-rise building becomes popular,improvement and innovation are required to expand the product line of lightweight concrete.In this paper,two ways of fabricating lightweight concrete were combined to make a new kind of super lightweight concrete.Normal aggregate is replaced with expanded polystyrene(EPS) granule,while foam is introduced to facilitate fabrication process.As a result,super lightweight concrete denoted as EPS foamed concrete is fabricated,whose bulk density is less than 500kg/m~3.Compressive properties of EPS foamed concrete with bulk density 300—500 kg/m~3 were investigated by stress-strain curve. It’s demonstrated that the compressive strength ranges from 0.7 to 2.5 MPa,which is higher than that of similar products.Furthermore,low elastic module and high residual to ultimate strength ratio ensure its excellent deformation and energy absorption capacity.At last,numerical analysis was performed to interpret the inherent variation of elastic modulus and failure mechanism of this material.The results show that EPS foamed concrete is a kind of super lightweight,easy to fabricate material with excellent compressive property and profound utilization potential.     

Research on the dynamic performance of low-yield-strength shear panel damper for bridge application

This study seeks to develop a scientific understanding of the effects of dynamic loading history on the low-yield-strength shear panel damper(LYSPD) mechanical properties and fatigue performance.The LYSPD model is supposed as perfect elastic-plastic without strength deterioration.By adjusting the damper strength with the above supposition in the DYMO software,the serial earthquake response waves of the LYSPD under different soil conditions are obtained firstly.Subsequently,several waves,the most prone to damage at each soil condition, are selected as dynamic loading waves to verify the LYSPD dynamic performances experimentally.The test results suggest that the dynamic loading histories have no influence on the LYSPD strength or the supposed model while they affect the fatigue performance.The applicability and accuracy of three fatigue evaluation methods, cumulative plastic shear strain,cumulative energy absorption and Miner rule,are also compared according to the test results.     

级配碎石基层沥青混凝土路面非线性力学响应分析

为了明确级配碎石柔性基层沥青混凝土路面结构层位功能,就沥青混凝土面层厚度、级配碎石基层厚度和模量3个路面结构参数对级配碎石柔性基层沥青混凝土路面进行非线性力学响应分析,结果表明:面层厚度增大,基层最大剪应力降低,且面层厚度为9 cm时面层剪应力最不利,12 cm时面层层底拉应力最不利;基层厚度对基层剪应力影响不显著,且当基层厚度为30 cm时,面层剪应力、层底拉应力均出现最小值;当增大基层模量时,面层最大剪应力、层底拉应力和基层最大剪应力均有不同程度降低.     

水泥稳定碎石基层配合比优化设计应用研究

结合广州至乐昌高速公路工程,通过原材料物理性能及室内配合比相关试验,在两种不同击实方法下,开展水泥稳定碎石材料基层配合比优化设计研究,探讨水泥稳定碎石配合比优化设计的可行性及工程价值.研究结果表明,振动法成型试件在强度、干缩性能及温缩性能等方面均优于静压法,能够大幅度改善水泥稳定碎石材料基层性能,具有切实的可行性;进行配合比设计时,有效控制细集料含量、选择合理的水泥剂量,能够显著提高水泥稳定碎石材料基层的抗干缩、温缩变形能力.     

基于集料几何特性的集料压实性能

基于数字图像技术,给出了反映集料大小、形状和棱角性的参数,即筛分直径、形状指数和棱角性指数,采用SGC旋转压实仪测试了不同岩性、不同粒径集料的压实性能,建立了集料几何特性与集料压实性能之间的关系.结果表明:同种岩性集料的筛分直径与集料压实初始密实度、密实度指数均有较好的线性关系,初始密实度随筛分直径的增大而减少,密实度指数随筛分直径的增大而增大;片麻岩与玄武岩集料压实初始密实度随集料形状指数的增大而减小,片麻岩与玄武岩集料压实密实度指数随集料形状指数的增大而增大;石灰岩2与玄武岩集料压实初始密实度随集料棱角性指数的增大而增大,石灰岩2和玄武岩集料压实密实度指数随集料棱角性指数的增大而减小.     

水运岩土工程勘察纲要编写要点解析

如何编写好有针对性的勘察纲要关系到能否高效、优质地完成勘察工作,这就要求岩土工程师不但要有扎实的 专业知识,而且要深入了解设计意图,加强与设计沟通,把隐含信息挖掘出来,了解勘察目的;在充分收集和分析相关资 料、进行现场踏勘的基础上,根据工程基础的性质,合理布置钻孔,确定孔性、孔深,有针对性地安排土工试验项目;勘 察纲要在具体实施过程中应根据现场具体的地质条件变化动态调整,使其始终起到指导作用。     

大断面黄土隧道初期支护与围岩相互作用机理研究

依托已修建并投入运营的郑西高速铁路,针对开挖面积达170m2的大断面黄土隧道,进行了不同钢架形式作用机理的研究,明确了型钢拱架和格栅拱架的适用条件;采用现场对比试验等研究手段,在浅埋老黄土隧道中分别设置了型钢钢架、格栅钢架对比试验段.试验结果表明,两种钢架初期支护变形相当;两种钢架的应力均在允许值范围之内,但格栅钢架应力较小;格栅钢架的围岩-初期支护接触压力分布较均匀;两种钢架组合支护在控制大断面黄土隧道拱顶下沉方面无明显差异,水平收敛基本相等.另外,基于混凝土早期强度试验,采用围岩-结构法,根据组合支护与围岩的特征曲线,研究分析了围岩与组合支护的相互作用机制,最终得出了格栅钢架在大断面黄土隧道中的适用条件,以及在不同围岩条件下初期支护的设计参数.