寡头垄断模式下集装箱运价影响机制实证分析

梳理影响市场运费走势的要素体系,进而构建基于数据分析为基础的理论框 架,然后选择分析几类核心因素与市场运费之间的关系,来探究寡头垄断模式下影响市 场的主要因素与运价指数的数据本身之间的影响机制.研究发现：单位运力年周转率与集 装箱运费指数（China Container Freight Index,CCFI）之间不存在协整关系,GDP、原油价 格与CCFI 之间并无Granger 关系,而闲置运力是影响CCFI 变化的Granger 原因;同时 CCFI与闲置运力各自都存在严格的自相关与溢出效应.     

基于MS-Fortran Powerstation V4.0的有限元分析系统BNAP

介绍新一代Fortran语言编译器 (MS FortranPowerstationV4 0 )的主要特点及其进行有限元分析系统开发的相关步骤 ,最后给出具体的应用示例 .     

线性0—1规划模型的排序解法

针对0－1规划模型提出了一种新的解法,即排序法。它利用目标函数变量系数绝对值大小的相对关系,对无约束条件解进行排序,在最小解集中寻找最优解,以加快收敛速度。     

突发环境下城市道路网关键路段集识别

为了更好地判断出突发环境下城市道路网络中的关键路段,本文结合路网脆弱性分析方法,构建了一种涵盖单条到多条路段失效的关键路段集识别模型.首先,对路网进行随机攻击,运用网络效率、最大连通子图等鲁棒性指标寻找潜在关键路段;然后,引入0-1变量,建立一个含道路通行能力约束的非线性优化模型;再以此为基础,用分段线性化手段处理目标函数与约束条件,将模型转化为一个混合0-1规划问题;最后,以分支定界法求解模型并设计算例验证.结果表明：突发环境下的路网关键路段集一般不是若干关键路段的简单集成,其构成元素在几何拓扑层面上也不具有邻接关系;而且随着失效路段数的增多,路网鲁棒性与总阻抗变化量之间会呈现出较显著的负相关关系,可用“逆向”曲线进行刻画,效果良好.     

Observations of the Fawn Trough Current over the Kerguelen Plateau from instrumented elephant seals

Due to its great meridional extent and relatively shallow depths, the Kerguelen Plateau constitutes a major barrier to the eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. While most of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport is deflected north of the Kerguelen Islands, the remainder ( 50 Sv, 1 Sv = 10⁶ m³ s^− 1) must pass south of the islands, most probably through the Fawn and Princess Elizabeth Troughs. However, the paucity of finely resolved quasi-synoptic hydrographic data in this remote and infrequently sampled area has limited the progress in our knowledge of the regional circulation. Since 2004, a new approach using elephant seals from the Kerguelen Islands as autonomous oceanographic profilers has provided new information on the hydrography over the Kerguelen Plateau, covering the entire Antarctic Zone between the Polar Front and Antarctica, with a mean along-track resolution of about 25 km. These finely resolved bio-logged data revealed details of a strong northeastward current found across the Fawn Trough (sill depth: 2600 m; 56°S, 78°E). This so-called Fawn Trough Current transports cold Antarctic waters found mostly south of the Elan Bank, between the Ice Limit (58°S) and the Antarctic Divergence (64°S) in the eastern Enderby Basin, toward the Australian–Antarctic Basin. Our analysis also demonstrates that the Deep Western Boundary Current, which carries cold Antarctic water along the eastern flank of the southern Kerguelen Plateau collides with Fawn Trough Current at the outlet of the Fawn Trough sill. In other words, the Fawn Trough constitutes a veritable bottleneck, channelling the quasi-totality of the Antarctic Circumpolar flow found south of the Polar Front. Thanks to the unprecedented fine resolution of seal-borne data, a branch of flow centered at the Winter Water isotherm of 1 °C is also revealed along the northern escarpment of the Elan Bank, and then along the southern edge of Heard Island. Further analysis of different supplementary data reveals a complex circulation pattern in the entire Enderby Basin, with several distinctive branches of flow being strongly controlled by prominent topographic features such as the Southwest Indian Ridge, Conrad Rise, Elan Bank, and Kerguelen Plateau. This newly emerged frontal structure refines considerably previous large-scale circulation schematics of the area.     

越浪的湍动及流场分析

越浪一直是波浪水动力问题的一个难点,原因在于其形成受到多种强非线性现象的作用。应用一种新型数值波浪模型(0-1BEM+VOF耦合模型)对越浪过程进行研究分析,并探讨了湍动动能、动能耗散率及流场在周期内的变化趋势。     

Mesoscale subduction at the Almeria–Oran front: Part 1: Ageostrophic flow

This paper presents a detailed diagnostic analysis of hydrographic and current meter data from three, rapidly repeated, fine-scale surveys of the Almeria–Oran front. Instability of the frontal boundary, between surface waters of Atlantic and Mediterranean origin, is shown to provide a mechanism for significant heat transfer from the surface layers to the deep ocean in winter. The data were collected during the second observational phase of the EU funded OMEGA project on RRS Discovery cruise 224 during December 1996. High resolution hydrographic measurements using the towed undulating CTD vehicle, SeaSoar, traced the subduction of Mediterranean Surface Water across the Almeria–Oran front. This subduction is shown to result from a significant baroclinic component to the instability of the frontal jet. The Q-vector formulation of the omega equation is combined with a scale analysis to quantitatively diagnose vertical transport resulting from mesoscale ageostrophic circulation. The analyses are presented and discussed in the presence of satellite and airborne remotely sensed data; which provide the basis for a thorough and novel approach to the determination of observational error.     

Ka频段海事卫星系统及海上应用研究

从海上通信角度出发,介绍基于Ka频段的Inmarsat(国际移动卫星组织)第五代卫星通信系统结构,包括卫星、地面站及用户终端,并对Inmarsat-5卫星的Global Xpress及Fleet Xpress业务的技术特性及特点进行分析,同时从船员私人通信、远程医疗、远程监测、海上宽带网络等方面分析Ka频段在海上通信中的应用,并对其未来海上发展前景进行展望,最后对航运公司应用Inmarsat-5卫星系统及我国开发高吞吐量宽带卫星提出相关建议,以提高船舶通信效率,改善海上通信环境。     

Patterns in diversity and community structure of epipelagic copepods from the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area, south-western Atlantic

Diversity and structure of epipelagic copepod communities were investigated using 70 zooplankton samples collected from the top 50 m of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area between 35° and 55°S. Biogeographic patterns were investigated using multivariate analysis. Biodiversity patterns were examined using different univariate indexes. Representatives of 35 species of copepods from 23 genera and 13 families were found. Two zones were delimited based on their copepod composition, one in the subtropical waters of the Brazil current, and the other in the subantarctic waters of the Malvinas current. Both environments displayed contrasting patterns of biodiversity depending upon which element is measured (regional species richness as well as mean point species richness were significantly higher in the subtropical group of stations, whereas taxonomic distinctness was significantly higher in the subantarctic community). Based on these contrasting results, we suggest the use of both kind of indexes when defining priority areas for conservation.     

Time-series analysis of remote-sensed chlorophyll and environmental factors in the Santa Monica–San Pedro Basin off Southern California

The time-series of remote-sensed surface chlorophyll concentration measured by SeaWiFS radiometer from September 1997 to December 2001 and the relevant hydrological and meteorological factors (remote-sensed sea surface temperature, atmospheric precipitation, air temperature and wind stress) in Santa Monica Bay and adjacent waters off southern California were analyzed using wavelet and cross-correlation statistical methods. All parameters exhibited evident seasonal patterns of variation. Wavelet analysis revealed salient long-term variations most evident in air temperature during El Niño 1997–1998 and in wind stress during La Niña 1998–1999. Short-period (<100 days) variations of remote-sensed chlorophyll biomass were mostly typical to spring seasons. Chlorophyll biomass was significantly correlated with air temperature and wind stress: an increase of chlorophyll biomass followed with 5–6-day time lag an increase of wind stress accompanied by a simultaneous decrease of air temperature. The mechanism of these variations was an intensification of phytoplankton growth resulting from the mixing of water column by wind stress and entrainment of nutrients into the euphotic layer.