国内燃料电池电堆技术进展综述

国际氢能与燃料电池汽车大会是国内燃料电池行业举办的国际一流的年度行业盛会,聚集全世界氢能与燃料电池技术的开发者、燃料电池汽车制造商、氢能燃料电池领域投资者和政府政策的制定者,携手促进氢能及燃料电池汽车的商业化发展。本文以第四届氢能与燃料电池汽车大会内容为基础,结合目前行业发展现状对国内燃料电池电堆、膜电极以及双极板的技术进展和发展趋势进行了简要阐述。     

A bi-objective dynamic programming approach for airline green fleet planning

Ensuring a fleet of green aircraft is a basic step in mitigating aviation pollution issues that are expected to be worsen in the coming years due to rapid air traffic growth. This study proposed a novel methodology in green fleet planning in which both profit and green performance of airline are considered simultaneously and explicitly. To do this, a Green Fleet Index (GFI) is derived as an indicator to quantify the green performance of airline’s fleet. It measures the degree of airline compliance with a standard requirement in terms of emission, noise, and fuel consumption. A bi-objective dynamic programming model is then formulated to find optimal aircraft acquisition (lease or purchase) decision by minimizing GFI and maximizing profit. Several interesting results are obtained: (1) considering environmental issue as secondary objective yields a greener fleet; (2) airline’s profit is affected, but could be recovered from environmental cost savings; (3) increasing load factor is an effective operational improvement strategy to enhance airline’s green performance and raise profit level. It is anticipated that the framework developed in this study could assist airlines to make a smart decision when considering the need to be green.     

摩托车和轻便摩托车用喇叭性能测试分析

摩托车和轻便摩托车用喇叭的性能测试主要包括基本声学性能和耐久性能测试,建立并执行统一、科学、合理的测试标准,是检测和评价喇叭品质的先决条件,是喇叭产品设计开发、合格检测及调试的基础,不同的试验方法,会给喇叭单品或装车性能的检测带来不同的结果,会给摩托车产品的生产、销售和出口造成一定的影响。     

浅谈摩托车减震器油封与防尘封的匹配

防尘封对油封有正负两方面的作用,因此有必要对油封和防尘封进行匹配使用。通过产品结构和橡胶的改进,减小油封与连杆之间的摩擦力,在减震器连杆上形成尽可能薄的油膜,避免被防尘封刮去;增加防尘封的防尘能力,在薄的油膜条件下,避免假性漏油的产生。通过油封与防尘封匹配耐久漏油试验及耐久泥水试验,选出匹配效果最佳的油封与防尘封,并按此种匹配进行生产。     

摩托车用数字式CDI点火器

根据点火储能元件的不同，点火器主要有电容充放电点火（ＣＤＩ）和晶体管点火（ＴＣＩ）两种类型。介绍了摩托车用数字式ＣＤＩ的工作原理及软、硬件结构。其突出的优点在于能够根据预先给定的进角曲线对发动机点火提前角进行精确控制，从而使发动机在各种工作转速范围内均能够达到最佳性能。     

Combustion development of a Bi-Fuel engine

Environmental improvement and energy issues are increasingly becoming more important as worldwide concerns. Natural gas is a good alternative fuel that can help to improve these issues because of its large quantity and clean burning characteristics. This paper provides the experimental performance results of a Bi-Fuel engine that uses Compressed Natural Gas as its Primary fuel and gasoline as its secondary fuel. This engine is a modification of the basic 1.4-liter gasoline engine. Generally, on the unmodified base engine, torque and power for CNG fuel are considerably lower than gasoline fuel. In this paper, the influence of fuels on wall temperature, performance and emissions are investigated.     

摩托车减震器性能评价与判定(1)

摩托车减震器性能评价分功能、强度、耐久性3方面,其中性能评价包括被动评价(乘坐舒适性及操纵稳定性)和响应能力评价(操纵性及姿势变化),是通过骑乘者试骑感受得到的,骑乘者将手的预测或期待产生的摩托车运动结果计入评价中;强度、耐久性评价,是通过已确定的量化技术指标,在专业试验设备上完成的.     

ICP-AES法测定霍加拉特剂中7种金属元素

采用王水湿式消化处理样品,建立了ICP-AES法同时测定霍加拉特剂中Mn、Cu、Na、Al、Ca、Mg和Fe等7种金属元素的方法。通过谱线选择、条件优化和基体匹配等方法消除元素间干扰和基体效应,探讨了酸类型及酸度值对谱线强度的影响,研究了溶液浓度对精密度及线性相关系数的影响。方法的线性相关系数均大于0.999,Mn、Cu、Na、Al、Ca、Mg和Fe的最佳谱线分别为Mn257.610nm、Cu327.393nm、Na589.592nm、Al396.153nm、Ca317.933nm、Mg285.213nm、Fe238.204nm,相应的检出限分别为0.0008、0.0009、0.012、0.028、0.010、0.001、0.004μg/mL,对应测定值的相对标准偏差分别为0.34%、0.87%、0.87%、0.54%、0.48%、0.84%、0.55%,加标回收率为94.2%～104.4%。该方法简便、快捷、准确,可在测定其他催化剂中金属含量时推广应用。     

轿车柴油化市场前景分析

汽车是能源消耗与环境污染的主要来源之一,而轿车又在汽车市场占据半壁江山,降低轿车能耗非常重要。柴油机较汽油机有着较大的节能环保的优势,在轿车中推行柴油化,必将对节能环保做出重要贡献。与世界发达国家相比,我国的轿车柴油化的水平还很低。虽然轿车柴油化已经具备一些有利的条件,但国内的油品和相关配套法规严重制约了柴油轿车的普及,我国的轿车柴油化还有很长的路要走。整车厂和主机厂应该积极开发轿车柴油化技术,更好地满足轿车柴油化的需求。