高速公路桥梁单板受力病害治理措施探究

通过对目前高速公路桥梁中较常见的单板受力病害特征进行分析,提出该病害治理措施及施工中应注意的问题,并结合京沪高速某桥梁的病害治理实例对治理效果进行了说明,可为相关病害的预防和治理提供借鉴.     

新疆地区桥梁病害类型与养护措施探讨

对新疆地区的桥梁常见病害进行阐述,并提出可行的养护措施,以期减少同类病害的发生,为今后的养护工作提供借鉴。     

关于高速公路造价上涨原因及控制措施的探讨

高速公路造价上涨的原因包括客观和主观两个方面，客观原因有高速公路建设标准及政策性取费标准的提高、原材料价格的上涨，主观原因有前期设计控制不严格、造价管理上存在不足。建议从强化设计管理、建立有效的审查模式、加强招投标管理、明确各有关部门的职责并强化职责落实四个方面进行高速公路造价控制。     

论高速公路附属房建工程的成本管理

工程项目成本管理是施工企业管理的基础和重点。阐述高速公路附属工程房建项目施工成本管理的任务,并提出施工成本管理的措施,以促进工程施工企业加强成本管理,不断提高市场竞争力。     

Impacts of trade related sustainability strategies on freight transportation: Modelling framework and application for France

The circular and functional economies are being presented in the literature as potential strategies for future sustainable societies. In terms of the consequences for supply chains, they will promote a much more dispersed and diversified, local and network based usage of goods than the current economy, which is comparatively linear, concentrated, long distance oriented and scale economy based. A gap in the literature is the assessment of the effects of these systems on freight transport flows. In our paper, we present a first attempt at estimating this impact using freight transport scenario building and quantitative modelling. In order to translate the main parameters that characterize these systems into factors determining freight transportation volumes, we develop a framework based on a typology of goods categories describing functional and spatial proximity between producers and consumers. In order to simulate changes in the economy, we develop scenarios for the shifting of goods from one category to another and, additionally, include internalization policies that should guide their realization. We calculate the impacts on freight flows using a new interregional transport model for France that includes distribution chains and produces estimates of external costs of transport. Our results show that circular and functional economies could lead to a 2–5% reduction of air pollutant emissions and up to a 14–26% reduction if combined with the internalization of external costs. The scenario with ongoing mass production for differentiated demand is found to lead to a 5% increase of environmental impacts compared to the baseline.     

鲁尔泵振动问题的原因分析与处理

针对输油站使用的鲁尔ZLMIP型泵振动问题,经过现场实际运行情况的调研,搜集整理日常维修作业中发现的问题,找出了造成泵振动的主要原因,具体对泵转子的动不平衡、机组同心度、滑动轴承、泵体内压力脉动等影响泵振动的主要因素进行认真分析,并逐一进行整改跟踪,提出了解决方案并进行了现场落实,解决了泵的振动问题,实现了泵的正常运转。     

摩托车油耗试验新国家标准学习与研究

GB 15744—2008《摩托车燃油消耗量限值及测量方法》和GB 16486—2008《轻便摩托车燃油消耗量限值及测量方法》2项新国家标准已经出版发行,今年7月1日正式实施。新国标中试验方法、数据处理、油耗限值与老国标相比变化较大,新标准试验方法和数据处理更科学、细致和严格,同时试验技术难度加大,成本提高。     

关于增加黄闪的建议

建议增加黄闪信号显示,用以表达“进直出大弯”的含义,从条款、图解,机车信号配套等各方面进行说明,并论证了其可行性和安全性。期望征求各种不同的意见。     

困难山区铁路主要技术标准与工程投资关系研究

铁路主要技术标准与工程投资有着十分密切的关系,通过深入探讨铁路主要技术标准,从统计学的角度研究铁路主要技术标准与工程投资的关系,建立工程投资关于铁路主要技术标准的多元非线性回归模型。并结合实际算例说明回归模型的良好的拟合度,研究各项主要技术标准之间的相关性,分析各项主要技术标准对工程投资的影响趋势与影响程度,从而在实际的应用中能够有的放矢地关注关键的技术标准以及科学合理地决策出各项主要技术标准,以达到优化线路设计、节约工程投资的目的。     

A vehicle type-based approach to model car following behaviors in simulation programs (case study: Car-motorcycle following behavior)

Traffic simulation models often neglect the important role of motorcycles and assume a flow of various combinations of cars. This paper addresses how much different would be the behavior of a car driver while following a motorcyclist compared to cases in which a car follows another car, along with a segment of an urban highway in the non-congested flow. Recognition of such a difference might help to develop existing simulation models and to improve the behavior of car drivers in such a way to lead to lower accidents with motorcycles. To reach the goal, a GHR (Gazis-Herman-Rothery) model for car following is applied and data have been collected by video cameras during 15?min time intervals in three different days. Analysis of 198 car-motorcycle and 374 car-car following observations has indicated that when a car driver follows a motorcycle, keeps a higher headway (about 10?m in the low speed) with a lower acceleration/deceleration in comparison with the situation in which car driver follow another one. It means that the behavior of the follower car driver would be more cautious compared to situations in which a car driver follows another one, especially in space headways <10?m. In addition to main findings of the paper for developing a more realistic simulation program, the paper also addresses that in cases when the required safe space between a car and a motorcycle would be endangered, a warning message could be generated for the car driver (by implementing an in-veh ITS technology) to warn driver about keeping a safe distance.