解析铁道行业标准《铁道客车及动车组集便装置》

从规范性引用文件,产品使用环境条件,产品防护等级,产品可靠性、可维护性及安全性规定,以及污物箱液位开关等方面,解析TB/T 3338—2013《铁道客车及动车组集便装置》,对标准的实施提出具体建议。     

公路隧道交通量的预测及分析

公路隧道交通量的预测对隧道通风系统的节能以及降低隧道运营成本有很重要的意义。分别利用多元统计分析法和BP神经网络两种方法对公路隧道交通量进行了预测,并对两类预测数据进行分析比较,得出了多元统计分析法适用于车流量少而且稳定的公路隧道的预测,而BP神经网络法则适用于车流量大而且不稳定的公路隧道的预测的结论。     

Lane-harmonised passenger car equivalents for heterogeneous expressway traffic

In order to account for variations in traffic composition during traffic analysis, passenger car equivalent (PCE) factors are used to convert flow rates of various vehicle classes into flow rates in terms of passenger car units (PCUs). Earlier studies have developed various methods to estimate PCE values but only a few of them are based on uninterrupted traffic flow, particularly for flow regimes with heterogeneous traffic where differential (lower) speed limits are imposed on commercial vehicles. This paper proposes a lane-harmonisation approach, which leverages on the high variation in traffic composition across the lanes, to estimate PCE factors for urban expressways. Multiple linear regression is used and the PCE factors obtained for motorcycles, light goods vehicles, and heavy goods vehicles are 0.65, 1.53, and 2.75, respectively. The estimated capacity flow rate after the application of the obtained PCE factors is around 2200 PCUs per hour per lane.     

沥青路面使用性能评价中行驶质量与路面损坏的关系探讨

现有的沥青路面使用性能评价体系,通过对路面的损坏状况指数、行驶质量指数、车辙深度指数、抗滑性能指数及结构强度指数的线性加权,获得路面使用性能指数。其中,影响路面行驶质量指数的主要因素是路面平整度,而它受到如裂缝、坑槽、修补等路面损坏的影响。因此,路面行驶质量指数与路面损坏状况指数存在着某种重叠关系,但这种关系并不明确,...     

Bus arrival time prediction at bus stop with multiple routes

Provision of accurate bus arrival information is vital to passengers for reducing their anxieties and waiting times at bus stop. This paper proposes models to predict bus arrival times at the same bus stop but with different routes. In the proposed models, bus running times of multiple routes are used for predicting the bus arrival time of each of these bus routes. Several methods, which include support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), k nearest neighbours algorithm (k-NN) and linear regression (LR), are adopted for the bus arrival time prediction. Observation surveys are conducted to collect bus running and arrival time data for validation of the proposed models. The results show that the proposed models are more accurate than the models based on the bus running times of single route. Moreover, it is found that the SVM model performs the best among the four proposed models for predicting the bus arrival times at bus stop with multiple routes.     

基于MFC的多线程编程技术在插销试验机微机控制系统中的应用

介绍了在Windows95下基于MFC的多线程编程技术及其在插销试验机微机实时控制系统中的应用,着重阐述了在插销试验机微机控制系统中多线程的同步问题,并给出了编程实例。     

基于灰色聚类分析的城市交通路网综合评价方法研究

针对城市交通路网的多指标综合评价中存在的主观性等问题,依据灰色聚类分析原理,提供了一种计算各指标权重的方法,使得指标之间的权重在评价过程中自动产生,不需要经过人为判断,减少了评价过程中的主观因素。在此基础上,结合杭州市萧山区城市路网进行综合评价,并根据评价过程与结果,提出路网改善建议。     

物流园区建设序列的多阶段多指标决策模型

针对物流园区建设序列问题的多阶段多指标决策和投资优化实质,本文以熵权和理想解法为基础,结合Delphi 法和0-1型整数规划,提出了一个物流园区建设序列的多阶段多指标决策模型,比较好地解决了物流园区建设序列决策中多阶段多指标评价问题和投资优化问题。     

基于多用户类型随机用户平衡的连续网络设计

用多用户类型随机用户平衡描述实际路网中出行者的路径选择行为。根据出行者对路网状况认识的不同程度,将出行者划分为具有相同特性的多个类型。将多用户类型随机用户平衡问题表示为一个无约束极小化问题,并提出了该问题的一种基于路段水平的灵敏度分析方法。建立了多用户类型随机用户平衡条件下的连续网络设计问题的双层规划模型,并给出了基于灵敏度分析的启发式算法。实例的结果表明模型具有一般性和适应性。     

Not bored yet - Revisiting respondent fatigue in stated choice experiments

Stated choice surveys are used extensively in the study of choice behaviour across many different areas of research, notably in transport. One of their main characteristics in comparison with most types of revealed preference (RP) surveys is the ability to capture behaviour by the same respondent under varying choice scenarios. While this ability to capture multiple choices is generally seen as an advantage, there is a certain amount of unease about survey length. The precise definition about what constitutes a large number of choice tasks however varies across disciplines, and it is not uncommon to see surveys with up to twenty tasks per respondent in some areas. The argument against this practice has always been one of reducing respondent engagement, which could be interpreted as a result of fatigue or boredom, with frequent reference to the findings of Bradley and Daly (1994) who showed a significant drop in utility scale, i.e. an increase in error, as a respondent moved from one choice experiment to the next, an effect they related to respondent fatigue. While the work by Bradley and Daly has become a standard reference in this context, it should be recognised that not only was the fatigue part of the work based on a single dataset, but the state-of-the-art and the state-of-practice in stated choice survey design and implementation has moved on significantly since their study. In this paper, we review other literature and present a more comprehensive study investigating evidence of respondent fatigue across a larger number of different surveys. Using a comprehensive testing framework employing both Logit and mixed Logit structures, we provide strong evidence that the concerns about fatigue in the literature are possibly overstated, with no clear decreasing trend in scale across choice tasks in any of our studies. For the data sets tested, we find that accommodating any scale heterogeneity has little or no impact on substantive model results, that the role of constants generally decreases as the survey progresses, and that there is evidence of significant attribute level (as opposed to scale) heterogeneity across choice tasks.