Study on driver model for hybrid truck based on driving simulator experimental results

In this paper, a proposed car-following driver model taking into account some features of both the compensatory and anticipatory model representing the human pedal operation has been verified by driving simulator experiments with several real drivers. The comparison between computer simulations performed by determined model parameters with the experimental results confirm the correctness of this mathematical driver model and identified model parameters. Then the driver model is joined to a hybrid vehicle dynamics model and the moderate car following maneuver simulations with various driver parameters are conducted to investigate influences of driver parameters on vehicle dynamics response and fuel economy. Finally, major driver parameters involved in the longitudinal control of drivers are clarified.     

基于IWO算法的轴系—基座—壳体系统声辐射优化研究

针对轴系-基座-壳体结构复杂,对于激振力引起的结构表面声辐射尚未形成一套有效的计算和优化方法,文章尝试通过功率流有限元和声学边界元方法,对系统声优化问题进行了研究。在直线校中状态下,用相应单元模拟系统中减振器、隔振器和吸振器,建立轴系-基座-壳体系统有限元模型,利用有限元转子动力学,计算系统某特定工况下频率响应。在此基础上采用IWO算法,以各减振单元参数为设计变量,以传递路径的总功率流为目标函数进行优化,最后利用声学边界元方法对优化结果进行对比分析。结果表明,将流经路径总功率流替代场点声压为目标函数,不仅能将问题简化大大减少计算量,还能为系统减振降噪提供有效的优化计算方法,具有重要工程应用价值。     

CFG桩复合地基沉降的灰色预测

高速铁路CFG桩复合地基(路基)沉降是一个复杂的过程,采用MATLAB语言编写了基于XGM(1,1)模型预测地基沉降的程序,并将其应用于CFG复合地基沉降量的预测。通过对灰色预测XGM(1,1)模型在工程实例的应用和对比,证实XGM(1,1)模型运用到工程实际中是可行的。     

一种混合动力客车后处理系统的电气架构及故障诊断

介绍一种混合动力客车所使用的后处理系统,论述该系统的控制原理、故障代码管理、故障灯点亮规则、后处理系统的故障处理机制等。对其他客车后处理系统设计者有借鉴意义。     

Spatial impacts of road pricing: Accessibility, regional spillovers and territorial cohesion

Road pricing policies are gaining prominence in EU countries. These policies have positive impacts leading to mobility patterns which are socially and environmentally more desirable, but they also have negative impacts. One negative impact is to be found in regional accessibility, due to the increase in generalized transport costs. This study presents a methodology based on accessibility indicators and GIS to assess the accessibility impacts of a road pricing policy. The methodology was tested for the Spain’s road network considering two road pricing scenarios. It enables not only the more penalized regions to be identified but also negative road pricing spillover effects between regions. These effects are measured in terms of accessibility changes occurring in one region produced by charges implemented in another region. Finally, the study of accessibility disparities (by calculating inequality indexes for each of the scenarios considered), provides policymakers with useful information regarding the impact of road pricing policies from the point of view of territorial cohesion.     

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城市公共交通乘客出行成本的量化研究,对于科学合理地评价公共交通系统的社会效益意义重大,而出行时间价值是进行乘客出行成本估计的一个重要环节. 本文以北京市市区居民SP调查数据为依托,通过分析公共交通出行时间价值的影响因素,选取Logit模型为基础模型,引入“出行者收入”作为模型新增变量,并针对工作商务、社会娱乐两种出行目的在不同换乘情况下出行时间价值模型进行参数标定,建立了基于SP调查数据的改进型时间价值求解模型,并计算得到北京市公共交通出行者在不同出行目的和有无换乘情况下的换乘时间价值、候车时间价值以及运行时间价值. 研究发现,工作商务出行目的出行时间价值普遍高于社会娱乐的出行时间价值,出行者在不同出行目的和有无换乘情况下的候车时间价值,大于换乘时间价值以及运行时间价值,并且有换乘情况下的候车时间价值大于无换乘情况下的候车时间价值.     

地下掘进之地盘——机械互制与可挖指标研探

地下机械式之掘削效率乃为进度、成本及品控之关键要因,一般工程思考皆多考虑工法与机型对应各类不同地层之"可挖性"作探讨,即针对地质材料选择适应之切削面盘,鲜能再对地盘——机械开挖互制行为作一"适确性"研析,而本研究先由微观之量纲分析及力学尺度探讨并建立指标,运用至巨观推力、扭矩之施工良窳、可挖性及正常施作或异况破坏之分析。机械式掘削接触地质与产生之互制行为相异性极大,故由地质破坏特征作为切削地盘材料之分类,藉此提供该广义式之探讨方针;其次在施工判准所建立之可挖指标上,使用量纲分析方法进行具代表力学行为之因子解析,作为建置指标的依据;再者,应用现场调查以资搜机械式开挖所量测的推进力系数值,进而佐证其适确性,最终完整研析机械式掘削开挖之行为与可挖性指标之应用。     

厦门(新)站综合交通枢纽换乘客流组织评价研究

交通枢纽的核心功能在于换乘,枢纽的首要任务是构建高效、快捷、便利的换乘条件,而对枢纽换乘效率产生巨大影响的因素主要是枢纽交通设施的布局及客流组织方式。利用传统四阶段法建立枢纽换乘量的预测模型,对厦门(新)站枢纽的换乘量进行预测,并在厦门(新)站枢纽现有规划设施布局的基础上,制定合理的换乘组织方案,同时建立评价指标对枢纽的客流组织进行评价,得到厦门(新)站枢纽交通设施布局的不足,提出改善措施。     

NK细胞杀伤ARH-77细胞的活性及机制的初步探讨

目的探讨同种异体NK细胞杀伤人骨髓瘤ARH-77细胞的活性及机制。方法 LDH释放法检测NK细胞杀伤ARH-77细胞的活性;RT-PCR方法和流式细胞仪分别检测K562和ARH-77细胞NKG2D配体和HLA-I基因和分子。阻断K562和ARH-77细胞NKG2D配体,观察NK细胞杀伤活性的变化。结果相同效靶比时NK细胞杀伤ARH-77细胞的活性明显低于杀伤K562细胞。两种细胞均表达MICA/B和ULBP1～3基因。K562细胞高表达MICA/B和ULBP1～3分子,不表达HLA-Ⅰ类分子;ARH-77细胞低表达ULBP1～3分子,高表达HLA-Ⅰ类分子。ARH-77细胞HLA基因型为A2、3,B15、35,Cw3、4。阻断NKG2D配体,NK细胞对K562细胞的杀伤活性明显降低,对ARH-77细胞的杀伤活性无明显改变;阻断HLA-Ⅰ类分子后,NK细胞对K562细胞的杀伤活性无变化,对ARH-77细胞的杀伤活性明显提高。结论 ARH-77细胞对NK细胞的杀伤敏感性低,其机制与其高表达HLA-Ⅰ类分子、低表达NKG2D配体有关。     

Changing accessibility, dwelling price and the spatial distribution of socio-economic activities

In this paper we present an activities-location choice model with endogenous price which simulates, based on Expected Random Utility principle, the behaviour of several agents of the urban system (e.g. the workers distinguished by income, the firms by economic sector) to estimate the spatial distribution of socio-economic activities within the study area as well as the impact of differential changes in accessibility on the dwelling price. The study area for this research is the metropolitan area of Napoli (South Italy), for which we show the results of the model estimation and the results of a “backcasting” analysis.