滇中红层贫水岩层区找水方法探讨

采用“柔脆岩互层受力破碎效应”理论,分析了红层区贫水岩层地下水的形成条件,探讨了贫水岩层地下水的富集规律,提出了一些行之有效的找水标志,并用打井实例说明了“柔脆岩互层受力破碎效应”理论以及贫水岩层找水标志的具体应用,找到了水源抗旱。     

重庆库区滑带粉质黏土强度参数相关性研究

滑坡是三峡库区地质灾害的主要类型。滑带土是滑坡的重要组成部分,与滑坡的发展变形、稳定性评价有密切的关系,因此滑带土抗剪强度参数的研究是滑坡稳定性计算和抗滑工程设计中的关键问题。三峡库区重庆境内滑体(带)中广泛存在着粉质黏土,收集重庆境内代表性滑坡的地质勘察报告,以其滑带粉质黏土的强度参数为研究对象,分析了常规直剪试验的天然峰值强度和残值强度以及饱和峰值强度和残值强度之间、常规直剪强度参数和原位直剪强度参数之间的相关关系,建立了各参数之间的回归方程,揭示了该区域粉质黏土不同试验条件下强度参数之间的特性。     

Observed and simulated traffic impacts from the 2013 Bay Area Rapid Transit strike

Despite high costs, many cities build public transit to address regional equity, environmental and economic goals. Although public transit accounts for a minority of trips (～5%), the impact is widely felt when service is suspended during a strike through excess road demand and slower journeys. In 2013, Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) workers participated in two brief strikes, and the resulting traffic conditions illustrate the value of transit to drivers in the San Francisco Bay Area region. This paper tests the impact of rail transit service interruption on freeway traffic conditions using volumes and travel times. During the strike, regional freeway conditions showed negligible change. However, on facilities that parallel BART service, the impacts are as bad as the worst day of a typical week. Conditions on the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge showed significant impacts with travel times and volumes nearly doubling the baseline median values on the worst day.     

公交停靠站站台宽度的研究

本文在分析轨道交通站台宽度计算模型对公共交通的不适应性的基础上,提出了公交停靠站宽度计算的基本模型,并通过对站台候车区影响因素的分析,以数学建模的思路对站台候车区的宽度进行了重点研究,最终建立公交停靠站站台宽度的计算模型。研究结果表明站台宽度与候车区乘客的分布状态、每辆公交车的平均上车人数以及各站台泊位的停靠线路数有着明显的关系,计算模型基本与实际相符,具有较强的可操作性。     

设置隔离层的水泥混凝土路面在大广高速公路中的应用

水泥混凝土路面面层下设置隔离层后,面层与基层的接触状况回归到路面理论建模状态,和直接浇筑在基层上的水泥混凝土路面相比,可大幅延长实际使用寿命。工程实践表明,设置隔离层的水泥混凝土路面具有更好的使用性能。结合服务区的应用情况,介绍设置隔离层水泥混凝土路面铺筑中的应用技术问题,对于提高水泥混凝土路面的建设质量具有重要的意义和参考价值。     

公交可达性水平分析方法在城市静态交通规划中的应用

近年来我国大城市机动车保有量增长迅速,城市交通面临严峻考验,动静态交通之问的矛盾以及“停车难”等问题日益突出,但一直以来静态交通规划均以满足停车需求为主,缺乏考虑与公共交通等方面的联系.本文对公交可达性水平分析方法在城市静态交通规划中的应用进行了具体介绍,该方法将静态交通和动态交通、公共交通和个体交通、交通设施和交通管...     

泡沫轻质土在盐渍化软土地区桥头路基的应用研究

从桥头跳车现象产生原因分析泡沫轻质土修筑桥头过渡段减少桥头跳车现象的可行性.以典型的盐渍化软土地区—天津滨海新区轻纺经济区的道路工程为例,分析轻纺经济区的地质、含盐量;对采用泡沫轻质土的路基处理结构进行室内回弹模量以及CBR测试,结果表明,泡沫轻质土均能满足路基相关规范对路床范围内的要求.     

A comparison of the sustainability of public and private transportation systems: Study of the Greater Toronto Area

A macroscopic assessment of the impacts of private and public transportation systems on the sustainability of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) is undertaken from economic, environmental and social perspectives. The methodology draws upon the urban metabolism and sustainability indicators approaches to assessing urban sustainability, but compares modes in terms of passenger-kms. In assessing the economic sustainability of a city, transportation should be recognized as a product, a driver and a cost. In 1993, the traded costs of automobile use in the GTA were approximately balanced by the value of the automobile parts and assembly industry. But local transit costs 1/3 to 1/6 of the auto costs per person-km, in traded dollars, mainly because local labour is the primary cost.Public transportation is more sustainable from an environmental perspective. Automobile emissions are a major contributor to air pollution, which is a serious contemporary environmental health problem in Toronto. Public transportation modes are less energy intensive (including indirect energy consumption) and produce CO₂ at an order of magnitude lower, although these benefits are partially undermined by under-utilization of transit capacity and the source of electricity generation.The social benefits of automobile use are likely more significant than costs in determining GTA residents' preferential mode choice. The speed and access of auto use provide important economic benefits, e.g. relating to employment and product choice. Nevertheless, offsetting the service attributes of private transportation are large social costs in terms of accidents. The costs of automobile insurance provide one tangible measure of such negative impacts.In order to improve the sustainability of the GTA, innovative approaches are required for improving the performance level of public transportation or substantially reducing the need for the service level provided by automobiles. Efforts such as greater integration of bicycles with public transit, or construction of light-rail systems in wide roadways, might be considered. But to be sustainable overall, a transportation system has to be flexible and adaptable and so must combine a mixture of modes.     

长白山区几种野生浆果营养成分及延缓衰老作用

目的　研究越桔、山葡萄、软枣猕猴桃等长白山区主要野生浆果的营养成分及延缓衰老作用。方法　测定野果中维生素B1、B2 、C、烟酸、β 胡萝卜素及钙、铁、锌等矿物质含量。老年Wistar大鼠分别按 3g·kg-1、6g·kg-1以野果汁灌胃 30d,测定红细胞及肝脏SOD、全血GSH Px活性、血清MDA与脑、心组织中脂褐质含量。结果　野果中维生素B1、B2 、C、β 胡萝卜素及钙、铁、锌等含量显著高于常用栽培果品 ,老年大鼠按 6g·kg-1野果汁灌胃 30d后 ,红细胞及肝脏SOD、全血GSH Px活性显著增高 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,血清MDA及脑、心组织中脂褐质含量则显著降低 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。结论　 3种野果中富含维生素和矿物质 ,其果汁能显著提高老年大鼠体内抗氧化酶类活性 ,降低脂质过氧化作用 ,延缓衰老进程     

推进湾区交通物流一体化发展思路建议

为支撑湾区经济高质量发展，更好地服务于国家区域发展战略，基于交通物流与湾区发展的互动关系，分析了湾区经济发展对交通物流一体化发展的迫切需求，然后根据湾区交通物流一体化发展面临的形势要求，应用运输经济基础分析框架中的“产品-资源-网络”经济分析法和网络形态分层分析法，对交通物流资源进行了分类梳理。在此基础上，将湾区交通物流网络划分为设施网络层、信息装备层、服务组织层和政策体制层，从政府主动作为的角度讨论政府与其他层级之间的相互关系，给出了交通物流在规划统领、网络优化、信息共享、服务融合、政策协同等五个方面的发展思路，为各湾区结合自身实际，细化政策举措提供参考。