Optimal vibration isolation of a tractor-semi-trailer system

The procedure is presented for the analytical synthesis of optimal vibration isolation of a tractor-semi-trailer system subjected to random excitation coming from the road. A general approach is discussed for a selected vibration isolation criterion. The especially elaborated procedure of complex matrix factorization is applied. The general results are presented by numerical calculations and their graphical illustrations.     

轮/轨接触几何参数对高速客车动力学性能的影响

为研究轮轨关系对高速铁路车辆动力学性能的影响,选择中国车轮踏面LMA与钢轨断面CHN60、日本新干线圆弧车轮踏面JP-ARC与钢轨断面JIS60和欧洲标准车轮踏面S1002与钢轨断面UIC60,应用AD-AMS/Rail软件,考虑轮对内侧距从1 353 mm变化到1 360 mm的情况,计算分析高速客车的临界速度、脱轨系数、车辆运行平稳性以及车辆稳态曲线通过的轮轨磨耗指数。车辆动力学仿真计算中均采用基于先锋号客车基本参数建立的车辆动力学模型。分析轮轨几何参数对高速车辆运行平稳性和稳定性的影响,结果表明:增大轮对内侧距可以改善舒适性,减小磨耗,提高临界速度。     

抓住机遇奋发有为为实现铁路"十一五"规划良好开局而努力奋斗--在2006年全路计划工作会议上的讲话(摘要)

“十五”期间,铁路在路网建设、装备现代化、既有线提速扩能改造、投融资改革、节能、环保等方面均取得了重大成就。本世纪头20年是我国发展的重要战略机遇期,在实现区域经济协调发展、建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会和建立现代化综合交通运输体系中,铁路将充分发挥骨干作用。在“十一五”规划目标下,铁路面临着加快快速客运网络建设、强化煤炭运输通道、扩展西部路网、优化东中部路网等建设任务。2006年是“十一五”开局之年,要抓住机遇,提高计划管理水平,重点完成项目前期工作、落实建设资金、基建任务以及装备现代化等方面的工作,为实现铁路跨越式发展目标做出贡献。     

基于车载信息采集平台的智能交通系统实现方式

本文介绍了智能交通系统特点和发展,分析了车载信息采集平台的软件结构设计,提出了设计信息采集平台的基本功能要求和建立方式,进而讨论了智能交通系统的功能实现过程和运行情况.     

热动力鱼雷能供系统启动过程仿真研究

以某型热动力鱼雷能供系统为研究对象，对鱼雷舷外海水通过雷体上的背压阀直接进入燃料舱增压挤代燃料的工作过程，能供系统管路充填过程及燃料供应过程进行了分析，建立了供油系统管路数学模型，并进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明，对现有结构的某型鱼雷能供系统，燃料舱从常压增至当地海不压力需一定时间；在动力装置启动初始阶段，燃料泵前及燃料泵通油口咱有可能产生气穴现象。     

潜水器水声定位技术

本文讨论潜水器─母船或潜水器─作业目标间水声定位技术，给出了系统组成、定位数学模型及解算方法，讨论了定位精度及减小误差的措施，最后给出了试验测量结果。     

Bridge and tunnel toll elasticities in New York

In 1992, the authors carried out a statistical analysis of Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority (TBTA) crossings in New York City, to determine the impact of toll increases on traffic volumes and revenue. Using twelve years of monthly time-series data, we developed a set of multiple regression models that estimated traffic volumes on each TBTA bridge and tunnel as a function of the toll level and other explanatory variables. In most cases, the estimated toll elasticities were negative and much less than 1.0 in absolute value; the median toll elasticity for automobiles was found to be –0.10. Our finding that automobile travel demand is highly inelastic with respect to toll rates is consistent with most previous travel demand studies.     

汽车轻量化技术的应用

应用汽车轻量化技术可实现减轻汽车质量,解决节能与环保问题。文章通过轻量化对促进汽车工业健康发展重要性的论述,阐明轻量化技术在汽车结构优化设计、轻量化材料开发应用及新工艺上实现的方法和主要作用,以及产品全生命周期评价列为轻量化技术之一的考虑,揭示汽车轻量化技术的主要应用方向和应用现状,强调轻量化技术在汽车轻量化中的重要作用与前景。     

Estimation of left-turning vehicle maneuvers for the assessment of pedestrian safety at intersections

Improving pedestrian safety at intersections remains a critical issue. Although several types of safety countermeasures, such as reforming intersection layouts, have been implemented, methods have not yet been established to quantitatively evaluate the effects of these countermeasures before installation. One of the main issues in pedestrian safety is conflicts with turning vehicles. This study aims to develop an integrated model to represent the variations in the maneuvers of left-turners (left-hand traffic) at signalized intersections that dynamically considers the vehicle reaction to intersection geometry and crossing pedestrians. The proposed method consists of four empirically developed stochastic sub-models, including a path model, free-flow speed profile model, lag/gap acceptance model, and stopping/clearing speed profile model. Since safety assessment is the main objective driving the development of the proposed model, this study uses post-encroachment time (PET) and vehicle speed at the crosswalk as validation parameters. Preliminary validation results obtained by Monte Carlo simulation show that the proposed integrated model can realistically represent the variations in vehicle maneuvers as well as the distribution of PET and vehicle speeds at the crosswalk.     

基于粒子群算法的粘性土主动土压力计算方法

假定挡土墙后滑动面为库伦平面滑裂面,基于能量法,推导出了适合与砂性土与粘性土的主动土压力计算公式,然后引入粒子群智能优化算法,对最危险滑动面所对应的破裂角在变量范围内进行全局搜索。运用本文方法分别对墙后填土为为砂性土和粘性土的挡土墙土压力进行计算,发现对于砂性土,优化方法得到的破裂角与理论精确解完全一致;对于粘性土,方法计算结果与实测结果相对误差为5.5%。