基于车载信息采集平台的智能交通系统实现方式

本文介绍了智能交通系统特点和发展,分析了车载信息采集平台的软件结构设计,提出了设计信息采集平台的基本功能要求和建立方式,进而讨论了智能交通系统的功能实现过程和运行情况.     

热动力鱼雷能供系统启动过程仿真研究

以某型热动力鱼雷能供系统为研究对象，对鱼雷舷外海水通过雷体上的背压阀直接进入燃料舱增压挤代燃料的工作过程，能供系统管路充填过程及燃料供应过程进行了分析，建立了供油系统管路数学模型，并进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明，对现有结构的某型鱼雷能供系统，燃料舱从常压增至当地海不压力需一定时间；在动力装置启动初始阶段，燃料泵前及燃料泵通油口咱有可能产生气穴现象。     

潜水器水声定位技术

本文讨论潜水器─母船或潜水器─作业目标间水声定位技术，给出了系统组成、定位数学模型及解算方法，讨论了定位精度及减小误差的措施，最后给出了试验测量结果。     

Bridge and tunnel toll elasticities in New York

In 1992, the authors carried out a statistical analysis of Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority (TBTA) crossings in New York City, to determine the impact of toll increases on traffic volumes and revenue. Using twelve years of monthly time-series data, we developed a set of multiple regression models that estimated traffic volumes on each TBTA bridge and tunnel as a function of the toll level and other explanatory variables. In most cases, the estimated toll elasticities were negative and much less than 1.0 in absolute value; the median toll elasticity for automobiles was found to be –0.10. Our finding that automobile travel demand is highly inelastic with respect to toll rates is consistent with most previous travel demand studies.     

汽车轻量化技术的应用

应用汽车轻量化技术可实现减轻汽车质量,解决节能与环保问题。文章通过轻量化对促进汽车工业健康发展重要性的论述,阐明轻量化技术在汽车结构优化设计、轻量化材料开发应用及新工艺上实现的方法和主要作用,以及产品全生命周期评价列为轻量化技术之一的考虑,揭示汽车轻量化技术的主要应用方向和应用现状,强调轻量化技术在汽车轻量化中的重要作用与前景。     

Estimation of left-turning vehicle maneuvers for the assessment of pedestrian safety at intersections

Improving pedestrian safety at intersections remains a critical issue. Although several types of safety countermeasures, such as reforming intersection layouts, have been implemented, methods have not yet been established to quantitatively evaluate the effects of these countermeasures before installation. One of the main issues in pedestrian safety is conflicts with turning vehicles. This study aims to develop an integrated model to represent the variations in the maneuvers of left-turners (left-hand traffic) at signalized intersections that dynamically considers the vehicle reaction to intersection geometry and crossing pedestrians. The proposed method consists of four empirically developed stochastic sub-models, including a path model, free-flow speed profile model, lag/gap acceptance model, and stopping/clearing speed profile model. Since safety assessment is the main objective driving the development of the proposed model, this study uses post-encroachment time (PET) and vehicle speed at the crosswalk as validation parameters. Preliminary validation results obtained by Monte Carlo simulation show that the proposed integrated model can realistically represent the variations in vehicle maneuvers as well as the distribution of PET and vehicle speeds at the crosswalk.     

基于粒子群算法的粘性土主动土压力计算方法

假定挡土墙后滑动面为库伦平面滑裂面,基于能量法,推导出了适合与砂性土与粘性土的主动土压力计算公式,然后引入粒子群智能优化算法,对最危险滑动面所对应的破裂角在变量范围内进行全局搜索。运用本文方法分别对墙后填土为为砂性土和粘性土的挡土墙土压力进行计算,发现对于砂性土,优化方法得到的破裂角与理论精确解完全一致;对于粘性土,方法计算结果与实测结果相对误差为5.5%。     

滨海新区软土路基沉降曲线拟合分析

软土路基沉降问题是软土地区公路工程建设中面临的技术难题之一。分析双曲线法、指数法、三点法、对数法对于拟合天津滨海新区软土路基桥头段采用加固土桩及预压处理时沉降数据的误差,并且比较分析双曲线法拟合和理正计算的预压期沉降。分析结果表明:对于滨海新区软土路基上的加固土桩+预压处理路段,双曲线比其余的曲线拟合方法精度高。     

ECE R29-02和ECE R29-03法规对商用车驾驶室结构要求的对比分析

对比分析了欧洲商用车被动安全现行法规ECE R29-02及其修订案ECE R29-03的异同,将已进行实车试验并满足ECE R29-02法规要求的某重型商用车驾驶室作为研究对象,通过仿真计算得到了该商用车在ECER29-03中的性能表现.定性提出了ECE R29-03对结构的考核重点和加强纵梁及A柱强度,并适当增加前端结构吸能能力等满足新版法规要求的一系列结构改进措施.     

汽车侧碰MDB蜂窝铝材料力学特性试验研究

通过准静态压缩、动态冲击、铝箔拉伸等试验,对EEVC的侧面碰撞用移动变形壁障(MDB)蜂窝铝材料力学特性进行了研究。准静态压缩试验分析了MDB蜂窝铝材料在W、T、L 3个方向上的静态强度特性;动态冲击试验分析了蜂窝铝材料在厚度方向的动态强度相对于静态强度的变化;铝箔拉伸试验分析了构成MDB的2种铝箔材料的拉伸强度特性。试验结果表明,构成MDB的4个蜂窝铝块的静强度变化趋势基本相同;W向的变形对T向的强度没有影响;应变率使蜂窝铝材料的冲击强度高于静强度。