对沥青混合料摊铺方向问题的探讨

通过对沥青混合料摊铺过程中的颗粒材料运动方向规律的分析,阐述施工中的摊铺方向和使用中的行车方向的相互关系,探讨摊铺方向对沥青面层混合料路用性能的影响,建议在沥青面层施工中应注意混合料摊铺的方向,以提高沥青面层的质量.     

基于RTK五轮仪研制的汽车运动性能试验研究

利用GPS载波相位RTK技术研制成了汽车道路试验RTK五轮仪。应用该五轮仪进行了汽车的直线和曲线运动性能测试,结果表明可以更精确测取汽车运动性能参数,实现基于动态轨迹测量的汽车运动性能试验评价。     

大跨径桥梁伸缩缝全寿命设计体会

根据多年的工程实践经验,结合工程全寿命设计理念,对大跨径桥梁伸缩缝的设计、选型、施工安装和养护等方面进行了详细的技术总结,为工程技术人员提供了参考。     

基于细胞自动机方法的车行运动模型及信号灯控制策略研究

采用细胞自动机方法研究了在单向道路上行驶的2辆不同性能(加速度能力、最大速度等)车辆的运动状态和相互关系,以及性能参数对行驶状态的影响.讨论了在设置路口和信号灯的情况下,不同信号灯控制策略(信号灯的时间周期及绿信比)对车辆运动状态的影响.细胞自动机方法通过JAVA编程进行数值模拟,得到车辆行驶时间-位置之间的关系,结果与预期相同.该模型退化为匀速运动状态情形时,所得结果与近期文献的结果相一致,也证明了文中所用方法的可靠性和合理性.     

Histological changes following surgically-assisted rapid tooth movement through resistance reduction and distraction osteogenesis in dogs

Objective To investigate the histological changes of rapid tooth movement in dogs treated by resistance reduction and distraction osteogenesis, aiming to establish an animal model and further to reveal the remodeling mechanism of rapid tooth movement. Methods A total of 8 local hybrid dogs were selected as subjects for this study. The second pre-molar was extracted on both sides. The experimental side underwent alvelor surgery for resistance reduction and a home-made tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was installed for rapid tooth movement, while for the other side (control side) only tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was used for rapid tooth movement. The longest active force-delivery span was 2 weeks, followed by 6-week retention. The distance between the moved tooth and anchor unit was recorded weekly, and radiography was performed for each side before and after distraction. The surrounding tissues including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone were sectioned for histological analysis. Results The average distance of tooth movement was 3.55mm on the experimental side and 1.11mm on the control side. The rate of tooth movement was notably higher (P<0.01) and no significant apical root resorption was detected by X-ray on the experimental side. The active alvelor bone remodeling was found on the tension and pressure sides. However, there was no significant difference between the experimental side and the control side after the retention period. Conclusion The rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be accelerated through resistance reduction and periodontal distraction without any unfavorable effects but at minimal anchorage loss.     

侧碰试验中车门运动与假人伤害响应的相关性

根据侧碰撞试验中车门的运动特点,将车门运动的速度曲线简化为双速度平台曲线,使得车门运动对乘员伤害的影响可用接触时间、过渡段斜率及第2速度平台3个特征参数的变化完整地描述.利用MADYMO仿真软件建立了侧碰撞台车模型,研究了3个特征参数与侧碰撞假人伤害值响应的相关性.     

地铁列车节能运行惰行控制研究

惰行可以有效降低地铁列车能耗,通过选择合适的惰行点可以实现列车的节能运行。建立了定时约束条件下列车节能运行惰行控制优化模型,将模型求解的遗传算法嵌入到城市列车运行计算系统中,实现了给定线路条件下站间最佳惰行点的自动计算。结合具体算例对不同站间距离、线路条件、区间限速、运行时间、惰行次数等条件下的惰行控制进行了仿真研究,给出了各影响因素与惰行控制的关系。仿真结果表明,该方法能较好地解决惰行控制优化问题,地铁列车合理的站间运行时间取值,一般在最小运行时间的基础上增加8%~15%比较合适。     

激光测距仪测试道岔区轮对横移的应用研究

对德国OPTONCDT1700系列的传感器设计高速道岔区轮对横移测试中测试系统的组成、原理及其在高速道岔测试中的应用进行研究。并以京津城际高速铁路39号高速道岔区轮对横移测试的实例进行分析。     

Traffic conflict assessment for non-lane-based movements of motorcycles under congested conditions

Traffic conflict under congested conditions is one of the main safety issues of motorcycle traffic in developing countries. Unlike cars, motorcycles often display non-lane-based movements such as swerving or oblique following of a lead vehicle when traffic becomes congested. Very few studies have quantitatively evaluated the effects of such non-lane-based movements on traffic conflict. Therefore, in this study we aim to develop an integrated model to assess the traffic conflict of motorcycles under congested conditions. The proposed model includes a concept of safety space to describe the non-lane-based movements unique to motorcycles, new features developed for traffic conflict assessment such as parameters of acceleration and deceleration, and the conditions for choosing a lead vehicle. Calibration data were extracted from video clips taken at two road segments in Ho Chi Minh City. A simulation based on the model was developed to verify the dynamic non-lane-based movements of motorcycles. Subsequently, the assessment of traffic conflict was validated by calculating the probability of sudden braking at each time interval according to the change in the density of motorcycle flow. Our findings underscore the fact that higher flow density may lead to conflicts associated with a greater probability of sudden breaking. Three types of motorcycle traffic conflicts were confirmed, and the proportions of each type were calculated and discussed.     

基于视频图像处理的微观交通数据的获取

微观交通数据对于通行能力的分析、智能交通系统的建立、异常交通状态的识别、微观交通流特性的研究以及微观交通仿真技术的发展具有重要意义.随着视频采集技术在交通领域应用的日益增加以及图像处理技术的发展,使得获取微观交通数据成为可能.鉴于此,利用摄影学原理,实现了图像坐标与实际坐标的转换,并从视频中提取了车辆的行驶轨迹、车速和车头时距,为研究微观交通系统提供了数据支持.