几种人工智能技术在入侵检测系统中的应用

介绍几种人工智能技术,如多层感知机网络、自组织映射网络和支持向量机等,以及这些技术在入侵检测系统中的应用.     

隧道施工时探查、预报断层、岩溶、地下水的技术新进展

经十余年的不断努力,特别是2003年以后,由于国家有关部门的重视和支持,在探查预报隧道掌子面前方断层、破碎带、溶洞、暗河、地下水等方面有较大进展,结合探查实例,介绍以陆地声纳法为代表的弹性波系列方法、瞬变电磁法和探地雷达组合的成套方法技术,在断层的空间定位、探查地下水、探查溶洞、暗河等方面的理论研究成果和实测预报中取得的效果。     

医学图像自适应阈值边缘检测的研究

介绍一种基于小波变换的自适应医学图像边缘检测方法.实验结果表明:该方法可对图像边界进行敏锐检测,从而得到图像的细微特征.这些特点使得它特别适合于医学图像边缘的检测.     

排队论在计算城市快速公交车站停车位数量的应用

在快速公交系统设计中,需要计算合理停车位的数量,以保证公交的快速通行.分析快速公交车流到达的情况,运用排队系统理论计算车辆到达停靠站的概率,运用相关指标对不同数量停车位的使用情况进行评判,选取合理解.     

基于深度学习的高铁接触网顶紧螺栓的缺陷检测

针对高铁接触网顶紧螺栓目标小、缺陷检测困难的问题,提出一种基于深度学习的顶紧螺栓缺陷检测方法。根据4C检测车拍摄的高铁接触网图片(大小为6600*4400 pixels),首先对特征信息更多的斜撑套筒进行定位,采用TDM模块与SSD相结合的算法提升算法对小目标的检测精度,并通过改变默认框的尺寸以得到更好的检测精度和速度;然后利用DeepLab v3 plus算法对顶紧螺栓部分进行语义分割;最后提出一种阈值法对顶紧螺栓的缺陷情况进行判别。为满足实际工程的速度需求,对训练好的模型进行优化。实验结果表明:相较于经典的SSD,本文改进的SSD方法对斜撑套筒的定位精度和速度都有提升;对于6600*4400 pixels的原始样本,本文提出的顶紧螺栓缺陷检测方法精度上达到95.9%,速度达到17.9 fps。     

Identification of communities in urban mobility networks using multi-layer graphs of network traffic

This paper proposes a novel approach to identify the pockets of activity or the community structure in a city network using multi-layer graphs that represent the movement of disparate entities (i.e. private cars, buses and passengers) in the network. First, we process the trip data corresponding to each entity through a Voronoi segmentation procedure which provides a natural null model to compare multiple layers in a real world network. Second, given nodes that represent Voronoi cells and link weights that define the strength of connection between them, we apply a community detection algorithm and partition the network into smaller areas independently at each layer. The partitioning algorithm returns geographically well connected regions in all layers and reveal significant characteristics underlying the spatial structure of our city. Third, we test an algorithm that reveals the unified community structure of multi-layer networks, which are combinations of single-layer networks coupled through links between each node in one network layer to itself in other layers. This approach allows us to directly compare the resulting communities in multiple layers where connection types are categorically different.     

Soft Radial Basis Cellular Neural Network (SRB-CNN) based robust low-cost truck detection using a single presence detection sensor

This paper does present a comprehensive concept for a robust and reliable truck detection involving solely one single presence sensor (e.g. an inductive loop, but also any other presence sensor) at a signalized traffic junction. Hereby, two operations modes are distinguished: (a) during green traffic light phases, and (b) a much challenging case, during red traffic light phases. First, it is shown how difficult the underlying classification task is, this mainly due to strongly overlapped classes, which cannot be easily separated by simple hyper-planes. Then, a novel soft radial basis cellular neural/nonlinear network (SRB-CNN) based concept is developed, validated and extensively benchmarked with a selection of the best representatives of the current related state-of-the-art classification concepts (namely the following: support vector machines with radial basis function, artificial neural network, naive Bayes, and decision trees). For benchmarking purposes, all selected competing classifiers do use the same features and the superiority of the novel CNN based classifier is thereby underscored, as it strongly outperforms the other ones. This novel SRB-CNN based concept does satisfactorily fulfill the hard industrial requirements regarding robustness, low-cost, high processing speed, low memory consumption, and the capability to be deployed in low cost embedded systems.     

铁路道岔防跳结构优化建议

为提升铁路道岔防跳结构的可维护性、完善检测方法和标准,提出以下优化方案:(1)改变防跳顶铁顶头截面形状,减小修配面积;(2)改变防跳限位装置螺栓头部厚度,选择更高强度的材质,取消开口销安装孔;(3)增加防跳间隔铁安装面内侧避让空间。通过对比分析或受力仿真分析,确认优化方案的可行性,提升道岔防跳结构零部件的维修便利性的同时,增强其防跳功能,提高行车安全性。最后,给出防跳间隙设置的建议,并提出防跳卡铁的检测方法,为铁路道岔防跳结构设计、检测提供参考。     

汽车部（分）队成建制行进时车间距的确定

针对汽车追尾事故发生率高的现象,通过分析汽车行进时安全距离的影响因素,提出了以车速确定安全车距的理论计算方法,建立了安全距离的计算模型,从而确定了汽车部（分）队成建制行进时不同车速下的最少车间距,为行车安全提供参考。