广州地铁2号线试车线信号系统

以广州地铁2号线的专用试车线为例,分析其信号系统的设备概况、功能及特点,介绍各接口的使用情况。     

埋地钢质管道腐蚀防护综合评价系统研究

有效的维护管理并确保腐蚀防护系统有效是管道高效安全运行的重要保证 ,使用数据库可高效地管理管道信息 ,对防腐检测数据处理的软件化可极大减轻人员的负担。介绍了埋地钢质管道腐蚀防护综合评价系统软件的主要功能、系统结构及主要实现模块 ,系统具有对目前常用埋地管道检验检测设备所测数据进行处理分析的功能 ,并结合现行国家和行业相关法规和标准的规定 ,对检验检测结果进行评价 ,具有一定的先进性     

谈孟克河人行桥的美学设计

以桥梁美学设计为出发点,主要阐述桥梁美学设计的基本观点、美学标准、美学设计的三要素及其实现方法;以此美学原理为基础分析孟克河人行桥的美学设计过程和特点。阐明设计时,如何使人行桥造型与形式、功能、环境相一致。     

人车相撞头部伤害影响因素仿真分析及试验

在汽车与行人碰撞事故中,行人头部伤害是造成行人重伤或死亡的主要原因。采用有限元三维实体建模技术,建立了发动机罩和包括头皮、头骨两层球体结构的行人头部有限元模型,分析了头部与发动机罩的瞬态大变形非线性撞击响应,得到了头部与发动机罩相撞时的速度、位置及头部质量、发动机罩的厚度、摩擦因数等因素对头部伤害的影响规律,并对铝质与钢质发动机罩作了比较,结果表明铝质发动机罩对行人头部具有更好的保护效果。     

基于中国人体形特征的行人假人缩放方法

结合中国人体形特征和假人缩放方面的研究成果,提出了基于受害人体形特征的行人数字仿真假人快速定制方法。该方法通过交互式程序,只需输入受害人的身高和人体质量信息,就可以快速生成多刚体假人模型。文中还以一起真实的事故案例为例,研究了假人体形参数对仿真结果的影响,结果显示假人体形参数对事故再现结果的影响不容忽略,尤其是要注意假人的几何尺寸方面,而对于人体质量误差的要求则可适当放宽。     

A hybrid simulation-assignment modeling framework for crowd dynamics in large-scale pedestrian facilities

This paper presents a hybrid simulation-assignment modeling framework for studying crowd dynamics in large-scale pedestrian facilities. The proposed modeling framework judiciously manages the trade-off between ability to accurately capture congestion phenomena resulting from the pedestrians’ collective behavior and scalability to model large facilities. We present a novel modeling framework that integrates a dynamic simulation-assignment logic with a hybrid (two-layer or bi-resolution) representation of the facility. The top layer consists of a network representation of the facility, which enables modeling the pedestrians’ route planning decisions while performing their activities. The bottom layer consists of a high resolution Cellular Automata (CA) system for all open spaces, which enables modeling the pedestrians’ local maneuvers and movement decisions at a high level of detail. The model is applied to simulate the crowd dynamics in the ground floor of Al-Haram Al-Sharif Mosque in the City of Mecca, Saudi Arabia during the pilgrimage season. The analysis illustrates the model’s capability in accurately representing the observed congestion phenomena in the facility.     

Data-driven spatio-temporal discretization for pedestrian flow characterization

We propose a novel approach to pedestrian flow characterization. The definitions of density, flow and velocity existing in the literature are extended through a data-driven spatio-temporal discretization framework. The framework is based on three-dimensional Voronoi diagrams. Synthetic data is used to empirically investigate the performance of the approach and to illustrate its advantages. Our approach outperforms the considered approaches from the literature in terms of the robustness with respect to the simulation noise and with respect to the sampling frequency. Additionally, the proposed approach is by design (i) independent from an arbitrarily chosen discretization; (ii) appropriate for the multidirectional composition of pedestrian traffic; (iii) able to reflect the heterogeneity of the pedestrian population; and (iv) applicable to pedestrian trajectories described either analytically or as a sample of points.