Estimation of the response of a deeply immersed cylinder to the shock wave generated by an underwater explosion

The work presented in this paper is focused on the development of a simplified method to study the structural response of a deeply immersed cylinder subjected to the primary shock wave generated by an underwater explosion. The proposed analytical model is based on the string-on-foundation method initially developed by Hoo Fatt and Wierzbicki, who converted the two dimensional boundary value problem of a cylindrical shell to an equivalent one-dimensional problem of a plastic string on a plastic foundation. This method has already been extended by the authors to study the shock wave response of an unstiffened cylinder immersed in shallow water. The present work focuses on deep-immersed cylinders subjected to both high hydrostatic pressure and explosion shock wave. The elastic deformation energy of the cylinder under hydrostatic pressure is first calculated and used to determine the initial conditions of the dynamic problem. Cylinder deflection and plastic deformation energy are then calculated for various immersion depths. When confronted to numerical results, the proposed model appears to underestimate the increase of deflection and absorbed energy with the immersion depth. A thorough analysis of the results post-processed from Ls-Dyna/USA finite element simulations highlights a new mechanism which is due to the action of hydrostatic pressure that continues to push inward the immersed cylinder. In order to improve the analytical model, a correction factor on the hydrostatic pressure is introduced but it is finally concluded that a new mechanism dedicated to the late action of the hydrostatic pressure still needs to be developed.     

镍—钼—磷／聚四氟乙烯复合电沉积工艺研究

在镍－钼－磷（Ni-Mo-P)合金电镀液中加入聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）制得了镍－钼－磷／聚四氟乙烯（Ni-Mo-P/PTFE)复合镀层。研究了镀液主要成份及工艺条件对复合镀层的影响，优选出一种较佳的工艺条件及复合镀液配方。由复合镀层性能测试结果发现，与Ni-Mo-P合金相比，由于PTFE的加入，提高了复合镀层的减摩性，但结合力与硬度略有下降。     

Collapse strength of hatch cover of bulk carrier subjected to lateral pressure load

A series of elastoplastic large deflection FEM analyses has been performed on hatch covers of bulk carriers subjected to lateral load. Two types of hatch covers are considered which are the folding type and the side-sliding type. For the folding-type cover, one size is considered which is for Handy size bulk carrier, whilst for the side-sliding-type cover, two sizes are considered which are for Panamax and Cape size bulk carriers. For each type, two hatch covers are selected which are designed in accordance with the old ICLL rule and new IACS rule, respectively. Calculated collapse strengths are compared with individual design loads, and a strength assessment is performed. On the basis of collapse behaviour observed in FEM analyses, a simple method is proposed to evaluate the collapse strength of a hatch cover subjected to lateral load. It is confirmed that the collapse strength is accurately predicted by the proposed method.     

盲孔法测量921A钢焊接残余应力的应变释放系数研究

根据盲孔法测量残余应力的基本原理和孔边塑性变形修正方法，分别对盲孔法测量921A钢焊接残余应力时的应变释放系数A、B进行实验标定，通过试验得出了921A钢盲孔孔边塑性变形对测量精度的影响和盲孔法测量921A钢焊接残余应力的塑性修正公式；并对实验标定应变释放系数与通孔应变释放系数理论解进行比较，表明试验结果与通孔应变释放系数理论值有较好的一致性，测量结果经塑性修正，最大误差减小到2．5％以下，试验结果可以直接在盲孔法测量921A钢焊接残余应力工程实际中应用。     

橡塑合金(TPE)改性沥青路面施工技术

结合工程实际介绍橡塑合金(TPE)改性沥青在高速公路路面中的应用,阐述橡塑合金沥青改性剂的特性及其改性沥青混合料配合比设计、路用性能和工艺控制要点,为其他类似工程施工提供借鉴。     

公路隧道开挖与支护数值模拟分析

文章以某公路隧道为工程背景,采用Midas/GTS有限元程序对其施工过程进行二维弹塑性数值模拟,分析得出施工阶段隧道围岩位移、应力的变化规律和开挖引起的塑性区,以及初期锚喷支护结构所产生的内力,为公路隧道设计和施工提供理论依据和指导。     

溶洞隧道的超前预报与治理措施分析

溶洞是修建隧道时经常遇到的病害,设计隧道时可以通过地勘资料尽量避开大的溶洞区域,以降低溶洞对隧道施工及后期运营的不利影响。为满足道路等级和线形的要求,以及通过大面积无法避免的溶洞地区时,修建的隧道一定需要穿越溶洞,以广乐高速中山顶隧道为依托工程,从超前地质预报、溶洞处理方案、施工监测三个方面进行探讨,通过几种技术手段的综合运用取得良好的经济和社会效益。     

体外预应力的施工方法

介绍了简支结构变连续体系在墩顶处施加纵向体外预应力的施工方法。     

Application of plastic framing requirements for polar ships

A new International Association of Classification Societies (ICAS) standard for Polar Ship design, in the form of a Unified Requirement is being developed by an international committee with representatives from many classification societies and with the active participation of many polar nations. The framing structural requirements have been developed by a combination of analysis of existing rules and ships, finite element analysis and analytical solutions of plastic collapse mechanisms. This paper describes the use of the rule formulae in designs. The formulae contain interactions between shear and bending and give the designer options and flexibility in satisfying the strength requirements. Effective design requires knowledge of the effects, and the possible approaches to reach a satisfactory design.     

潜艇纵骨式全实肋板耐压液舱壳板强度计算方法研究

本文把纵骨式实肋板耐压液舱和对应的耐压船体看成一弹性体,在求解实肋板传递系数的基础上,研究了液舱壳板的强度计算方法。处理时根据壳板尺寸和所受载荷情形确定了相应的壳板边界条件和计算公式,公式中考虑了壳板膜应力的影响。