桥梁桩基础遇到地下管线时的设计调整

当桥梁桩基础遇到地下管线时需要进行结构调整时,综合运用空间分析和平面杆系计算相结合的方法,准确高效地进行结构受力变化分析,既保证桥梁整体造型风格不变,又保证结构受力安全合理。     

大曲率帆形板水火弯板火路生成算法研究与实现

目前帆形板水火弯板工艺参数的确定是水火弯板研究的热点之一。在深入研究成形曲面与检测曲面之间差异的基础上提出大曲率帆形板水火弯板火路坐标参数生成方法,该方法将成形曲面与检测曲面在同一坐标系下进行对比,获取成形曲面特征曲线与检测曲面相应特征曲线的交点坐标;对于横向未成形,则交点坐标点的连线为下一步火路坐标,对于纵向未成形则布置在交点坐标附近。最后通过实验的方法验证了该方法的可行性,可望在帆形板水火弯板火路坐标预报中得到实际的应用。     

有机膨润土在道路沥青中的作用研究

采用试验室高剪切乳化机制备不同掺量条件下的有机膨润土改性沥青.通过对改性沥青性能指标的检测,分析了不同掺量条件下有机膨润土对沥青性能的影响,同时通过与钙基膨润土改性沥青性能指标的对比以及对扫描电镜图像差异的分析,论证了有机膨润土作为沥青改性剂的可能性,分析了有机膨润土改善沥青性能的原因.     

On maximum forces exerted by floating ice on a structure due to constrained thermal expansion of ice

The problem of interaction between a floating ice cover and an engineering structure is considered, in which the ice–structure contact forces are caused by an increase in ice temperature due to solar radiation in situations, when the lateral thermal expansion of ice is constrained. The focus is on the determination of the maximum thermally-induced horizontal force exerted on a structure wall, assuming that the magnitude of this force is bound by the smallest force capable of fracturing the ice cover due to its buckling. The ice cover is modelled as a rectangular plate of uniform thickness, with its four edges being constrained by vertical rigid walls, and it is assumed that ice deforms, and eventually fails, by the mechanism of viscous creep buckling. The plate is subjected to in-plane axial compressive stresses developing in ice to prevent its thermal expansion due to solar heating, and is transversely (vertically) bent by the forces caused by the reaction of underlying water. The floating ice is treated as a material whose elastic and viscous properties depend on temperature and the ice porosity, and therefore they vary with time and the depth of ice. The results of numerical simulations, conducted for a variety of the ice plate horizontal dimensions, thicknesses and daytime temperature-change scenarios, illustrate the evolution of the plate deflection surface prior to its failure, and show the time variation of the maximum forces exerted by ice on a structure wall as functions of the ice thickness and maximum daytime temperature rise at the top surface of ice.     

一种水泥路面摊铺抹平机

针对近年来水泥路面施工中使用的一种三辊轴式整平机所存在的不足之处，进行了改进设计并增加了某些功能，使之成为结构简单，实用性更强，操作更简便的水泥路面摊铺抹平机。重点从前行走辊加装偏心体，以弹性悬吊结构安装前行走辊，增设振动抹光平板和安装自助式转向装置方面作以介绍     

地面水冷却循环装置的研制

依据CRH3高速动车组牵引变流器冷却循环系统技术指标,研制的地面水冷却循环装置主要由板式换热器、内循环系统、外循环系统和电控柜构成。经选型计算,采用德国萨莫威孚TL90 KCCL型板式换热器,共17片不锈钢板片,板片总面积为4.1 m2,传热功率为209.9 kW;内侧和外侧循环泵分别选用格兰富TP50—190/2型水泵和凯泉KQL65/110—2.2—2型水泵;冷却塔选用GBNL—3/20T型冷却塔;选用西门子SKB62型电动液压阀门执行器,与配置的西门子VVF45.50型调节阀构成冷却液流量调节器;选用可编程的西门子ACX32型控制器;构建了远程监控系统。该装置已应用于CRH3和CRH350牵引变流器机组出厂例行的试验和型式试验。     

CRTSⅢ型板式无砟轨道施工布板计算模型研究

为了实现施工布板数据处理的智能化,提高CRTSⅢ无砟轨道结构的适应性和推广应用范围,对CRTSⅢ无砟轨道施工布板计算中关键技术进行研究,建立通用的施工布板计算模型。该计算模型首先根据CRTSⅢ轨道结构断面中主要存在的3个不同倾斜度定义3个基准面,即钢轨顶面基准面、板顶面基准面以及承轨台基准面。再通过定义的基准面定义3个基准点,根据断面点与基准点的相对几何关系,建立特定的横断面模型。任意里程处任意断面点理论坐标计算时,先计算出基准点坐标,再根据横断面模型计算断面点坐标。采用上述模型研制的"CRTSⅢ型板式无砟轨道布板设计与定位测量系统"施工布板模块具有横断面模型的建立与参数计算功能,可用于CRTSⅢ型板式无砟轨道系统建造时自动计算各类结构层放样数据,包括支撑层、底座板钢模板及轨道板边线放样及精调理论数据计算,还可以进行轨道板灌注后复测评估,实现CRTSⅢ轨道板施工布板计算的智能化。     

马鞍形船体板冷压成形回弹数值模拟研究*

马鞍形是船体外板中比较常见的一种,在船体板的冷压成形中回弹是影响成形件质量的主要因素之一。本文针对马鞍形面的船体板进行了回弹模拟,分析了板厚和不同曲率变化条件下对回弹的影响规律,为后续的利用回弹规律进行模具补偿提供依据。     

Updating of Travel Behavior Model Parameters and Estimation of Vehicle Trip Chain Based on Plate Scanning

This article proposes a maximum-likelihood method to update travel behavior model parameters and estimate vehicle trip chain based on plate scanning. The information from plate scanning consists of the vehicle passing time and sequence of scanned vehicles along a series of plate scanning locations (sensor locations installed on road network). The article adopts the hierarchical travel behavior decision model, in which the upper tier is an activity pattern generation model, and the lower tier is a destination and route choice model. The activity pattern is an individual profile of daily performed activities. To obtain reliable estimation results, the sensor location schemes for predicting trip chaining are proposed. The maximum-likelihood estimation problem based on plate scanning is formulated to update model parameters. This problem is solved by the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. The model and algorithm are then tested with simulated plate scanning data in a modified Sioux Falls network. The results illustrate the efficiency of the model and its potential for an application to large and complex network cases.     

黄土的组分及微观结构特征与地基承载力

针对黄土地基强度机理形成的复杂性,在黄土地区选取了3个具有代表性的公路工程试验点,应用显微镜、SEM(扫描电子显微镜)分别对3个地点土体的微观结构进行观察,并与岩石化学全分析、室内土工试验、载荷板试验的结果对比,从微观结构机理上分析了黄土的结构特征与工程力学性质的关系。研究成果对黄土地基承载力的评价、分析黄土地基承载力的变化规律以及地基处理等方面具有重要的参考价值。