输电线路杆塔基础施工方案优化的探讨

本文结合当前输电线路的杆塔基础施工情况,提出高压输电线路塔脚方案、基础施工、基面处理等有关技术方案。     

A new lost time estimation method for right‐turn traffic in Japan considering signal phasing and sneakers

Precise estimation of the capacity for right‐turn traffic (comparable to left‐turn traffic in the USA) is of great importance to determine signal phasing schemes at signalized intersections in Japan, where the left‐hand driving rule is valid. However, in most signal timing procedures across the world, the lost time of right‐turn traffic is simply determined by the duration of intergreen intervals and thus lacks considerations of various signal phasing and driver behavior. Meanwhile, sneakers per cycle are usually applied to account for the number of drivers completing right turns during the effective red portion of the clearance‐and‐change intervals. As a result, an initial cycle length must be hypothesized in order to assess the total number of sneakers within the analysis period. Consequently, a time‐consuming iterative calculation process often becomes necessary. Therefore, the present study aims to develop a new lost time estimation method for right‐turn traffic to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. Lost times of right‐turn traffic under three conventional phasing plans are theoretically formulated on the basis of a time–space diagram and shock‐wave theory. The new method is validated using field data, with case studies of its application in the signal timing procedure. Results indicated that the proposed method is capable of offering more accurate estimation than conventional approaches, which leads to shorter cycle length and simplifies signal timing process by eliminating an iterative check to determine the number of sneakers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新型单／三相变流器的研究

提出了一种新型静止单／三相变流器，即由单相交流电源和单相逆变器构成的“Ｖ”共电电源。该变流器较好地ＭＣＳ－８０９８单片机作为控制器，ＧＴＯ作为功率开关器件。给出了系统的硬件和软件结构设计，并对逆变器输出电压进行了电流追ＳＰＷＭ调制。理论分析和实验结果表明，这是一种中等性能的变流器，具有较好的性能人格比。     

A fault tolerance approach for railway scheduling and train control

This paper makes two contributions. It firstly proposes the use of a fault tolerance approach for railway operations and secondly it develops a minimum time gap matrix model for capacity computation and the study of perturbation effects through the generation of a compressed timetable. A fault tolerance approach is proposed to improve the operational efficiency of the railway network in terms of the network capacity and the robustness of train timetables. The term fault tolerance is used in a broad sense, to represent any abnormalities or unexpected events in operations or equipment. Enhanced fault tolerance capability provides safety assurance so that, in normal operating conditions, trains can adopt much faster speed profiles when approaching a ‘to-be-cleared’ signal block at stations and junctions than those currently permitted, effectively turning the status of ‘be ready to stop’ to that of ‘proceed with caution’. In the rare event of a ‘fault’ in the system, e.g. if a conflicting train fails to move out of a signalling block as expected or a switch fails to operate as required, the train would be re-routed to take an alternative path. In this study, the new approach is developed on three scenarios i.e., a standard classic right turn junction, a terminus station, and a small network combining both of these elements to demonstrate the performance gains, but the concept can be readily extended for other types of junctions/stations. Results so far show great potential in the proposed fault tolerance approach to increase the capacity and enhance operational robustness to perturbations at such locations. A novel method for capacity computation called minimum time gap matrix model is also introduced that has capability to produce compressed timetables directly from a given train sequence.     

海港航道转弯尺度设计参数研究

航道转弯尺度设计参数主要包括转弯半径、转弯段宽度增加量、加宽方式和两转弯段间直线段长度等。在分析航道转弯设计参数主要影响因素的基础上,通过对比不同规范中对航道转弯尺度设计参数的规定,并结合船舶操纵模拟器试验研究结果,对航道转弯尺度的设计参数提出建议。     

基于概率的右转短车道信号控制交叉口延误模型

研究城市道路中常见的右转短车道信号控制交叉口车辆延误模型.该模型考 虑了交通流变化随机性导致的右转短车道交通阻滞问题,改进了现行美国通行能力手册 （HCM 2010）中将短车道视为独立进口车道的计算方法.本文应用概率论方法并结合交叉 口特性,同时考虑了短车道、交通流率和信号配时等因素影响,提出了一种改进的交叉口 延误估计方法.通过使用SimTraffic 微观仿真模型,应用交叉口获得的实测数据对模型进 行参数标定,验证了模型的有效性.研究结果表明,短车道对右转车辆延误有显著影响.尤 其在短车道长度小于2 辆标准车长的情况下,允许红灯右转（Righe-turn-on-red, RTOR）可 以有效缓解过饱和交通流问题并减少交叉口实际延误.     

基于AM策略的道路出入口设计研究

道路出入口作为道路的重要节点,影响着整个路网的运行效率及安全。首先分析了道路出入口设计、运营过程中存在的问题,认为出入口布局选址欠规划、出入口设计不佳、出入口附近交通组织不完善等原因是造成道路出入口衔接处交通拥堵的主要原因。借鉴美国出入口管理策略中的相关技术,提出了建立出入口间距标准、采用服务性道路改善路口布局、路口采用远引调头措施等技术,能够有效地提高交通运行的效率以及行车安全性。     

几种常用的交叉口左转车流交通组织措施的探讨

道路的平面交叉口是事故多发地段,据统计有1/3的道路交通事故发生在平面交叉口。平面交叉口左转车流产生的交叉冲突点最多,对交叉口的通行能力与交通安全影响最大,因此合理组织交叉口的左转车流对增加平面交叉口的通行能力和提高交叉口的安全性具有重要意义,本文从提高交叉口的安全性和提高交叉口的通行能力出发,介绍了平面交叉口中几种常用的组织左转车流的措施,并分析了这几种常用左转车流交通组织措施的适用条件和应注意的事项。     

ESC试验方法研究

为了规范电子稳定控制系统(ESC)技术的发展和促进其技术水平的提升,需要不断完善相应的试验评价方法。文章参考国外相关研究机构的研究成果,详细介绍了《FMVSS 126电子稳定控制系统》规定的试验方法、J转向试验和Fishhook试验。为了推动国内ESC技术的发展,汽车产业相关管理部门、研究和试验机构应尽快开始研究并着手制定类似的试验法规;汽车生产企业也应该大力支持开展与ESC相关的研究,尽快实现ESC技术的国产化,提高产业竞争力。