Analysis of the contribution of ice algae to the ice-covered ecosystem in Lake Saroma by means of a coupled ice–ocean ecosystem model

A new coupled ice–ocean ecosystem model that links the pelagic and ice ecosystems was used to clarify the role of ice algae in ice-covered ocean ecosystems. The model was applied to Lake Saroma (Hokkaido, Japan) in 1992. Comparison of the model's results with observational data confirmed that the model reproduced the behavior of the ecosystem with acceptable accuracy during the period from winter to spring. The primary production of the ice algae is effectively transported into the pelagic system by means of physical releasing effects: brine convection, ice melting and freezing, and diffusion generated at the bottom of the ice. Ice algae released from the ice are rapidly exported because of their high sinking speed and the shallow depth of Lake Saroma. For this reason, the zooplankton in Lake Saroma cannot graze these released algae. However, zooplankton actively graze the ice algae living along the bottom of the ice. These results show that, before their release, ice algae play an important role as a food source for overwintering zooplankton. A sensitivity analysis revealed a positive correlation between the sinking speed of the released ice algae and the magnitude of the spring bloom by pelagic phytoplankton, and that the time when secondary production becomes active is an important factor in the linkage between these two algal populations.     

锤击碎化法在砼路面小修养护中的应用

文章结合工程实例,介绍了锤击碎化法在水泥混凝土路面局部小修养护中的施工工艺,并通过锤击碎化法与其它局部小修方法的对比分析,提出了锤击碎化法的改进建议。     

Spatial and temporal variability in the pelagic ecosystem of the East Sea (Sea of Japan): A review

The East Sea (Sea of Japan) is a unique marginal sea because it exhibits features of oceanic dynamics of much larger ocean basins. This semi-enclosed basin may be considered as a model or microcosm for understanding of how biological processes and distributions in pelagic ecosystem are interacting with physical processes in highly dynamic ocean regions. This overview summarizes the recent progresses concerning spatial and temporal variability of pelagic ecosystem components form an interdisciplinary point of view. Spatial characteristics of physical environments and biogeography in the region are distinguished mainly by the subpolar front. It was also found that long-term changes in biomass and community structure as well as those in the physical and biological environments are associated with climate variability in the region. We conclude by identifying main needs for the information and researches, particularly regular and long-term sampling, and permanent monitoring if possible.     

旧水泥混凝土路面破碎稳固技术在高速公路大修工程中的应用

结合京沪高速公路泰化段大修工程实践,主要论述了两种旧水泥混凝土路面的破碎稳固技术的原理、施工要点以及在高速公路大修工程中的应用。     

舰船主体结构流体冲击响应主动控制方法和分析

本文以探索性的方式提出了一种有效降低高速舰船主体结构流体冲击瞬态响应的主动最优控制方法,讨论了最优控制原理、观测器和作动器的设计,建立了一套舰船主体结构流体冲击瞬态响应控制仿真系统。通过对一艘实船的仿真分析给出了一些有理论和实际意义的结论。     

大型稀疏方程组的解法在输气管数值计算中的应用

在输气管道水力、热力计算的数值解法中 ,通常会遇到求解大型稀疏线性化方程组的问题。该类问题的雅克比矩阵(系数矩阵)为稀疏矩阵 ,特别大 ,元素分布也非对称或呈带状 ,因而采用一般的方法求解是不合理的。主要介绍了稀疏意义下的主元原位消去法的数据结构和计算过程 ,并给出了计算实例     

双连拱隧道开挖支护施工技术浅析

结合工程实例,对双连拱隧道的施工过程（洞身开挖、爆破、初期支护、监控量测等）进行介绍,为双连拱隧道施工提供参考.     

喷雾液体射流模型研究及应用

喷雾雾化是液体通过喷嘴进入到气体环境中,经过气体与液体的互相作用使之碎裂成液滴的过程,其中包含着复杂的能量交换、动量交换以及传热过程。燃油雾化是内燃机燃烧过程中的一个重要环节,良好的雾化效果可以促进燃油粒子与空气进行充分混合,从而使燃烧热效率得到提高,进而使内燃机的动力性、经济性以及排放性皆有所改善。由于喷雾液体通过喷嘴的物理结构不同,故所形成的射流形状也不同。主要的射流形式有平面射流、圆柱射流以及环状射流等。文章将对这三种射流形式进行展开研究,从射流的碎裂机理进行深入的分析,通过引入物理方程以及射流表面波理论,将液体射流现象转变为数学模型,从而探究出影响射流雾化效果的关键因素,进而促进喷雾学科的发展。     

高速铁路黄土隧道初期支护受力特性研究

支护结构的合理设计是大断面黄土隧道设计的关键环节。文章结合在建铁路黄土隧道,采用数值模拟,分析了大断面黄土隧道在不同初期支护时机情况下,支护结构、围岩受力状态和力学行为变化情况;基于控制围岩变形为核心,对大断面黄土隧道施工中初期支护施作时机的选择给出了合理的建议;根据现场监测结果,总结出了黄土隧道初期支护受力规律。黄土具有明显的流变特性,支护结构受力很大一部分承受围岩流变产生的附加荷载;另外,支护结构受力在空间上分布并不均匀对称,这些在设计中都应加以考虑。     

共振碎石化在惠盐高速深圳段改扩建工程中的应用

惠盐高速作为广东地区最早一批建成通车项目,自1994年建成运营,其交通区位优势显著,是深圳地区前往粤东和江西等地最方便的道路,同时也是深圳去往惠州最便捷的通道.结合当前对旧水泥混凝土路面的多种处治方案,综合比选,选取共振破碎后加铺沥青面层为推荐方案,可很大程度的减少建筑垃圾,减少废弃材料运输问题,降低了车辆尾气污染问题...