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581.
Due to the difficulty of obtaining accurate real-time visibility and vehicle based traffic data at the same time, there are only few research studies that addressed the impact of reduced visibility on traffic crash risk. This research was conducted based on a new visibility detection system by mounting visibility sensor arrays combined with adaptive learning modules to provide more accurate visibility detections. The vehicle-based detector, Wavetronix SmartSensor HD, was installed at the same place to collect traffic data. Reduced visibility due to fog were selected and analyzed by comparing them with clear cases to identify the differences based on several surrogate measures of safety under different visibility classes. Moreover, vehicles were divided into different types and the vehicles in different lanes were compared in order to identify whether the impact of reduced visibility due to fog on traffic crash risk varies depending on vehicle types and lanes. Log-Inverse Gaussian regression modeling was then applied to explore the relationship between time to collision and visibility together with other traffic parameters. Based on the accurate visibility and traffic data collected by the new visibility and traffic detection system, it was concluded that reduced visibility would significantly increase the traffic crash risk especially rear-end crashes and the impact on crash risk was different for different vehicle types and for different lanes. The results would be helpful to understand the change in traffic crash risk and crash contributing factors under fog conditions. We suggest implementing the algorithms in real-time and augmenting it with ITS measures such as VSL and DMS to reduce crash risk. 相似文献
582.
Land use can influence walking (measured by the number of steps) and so the health of people. This paper presents the result of empirical research on the impact of regional population densities (inhabitants per inhabitable area) on the number of steps (all steps, both outdoors and indoors). With data collected from almost 11,000 respondents in 148 Japanese regions, we estimate polynomial regression models, the total number of steps being the dependent variable and densities being the main independent variable. Regional population density significantly affects the number of steps after controlling for individual and household attributes. The estimated population density that maximizes the number of steps is around 11,000?persons/km2. Increasing densities, up to levels of around 11,000?inhabitants/km2, could increase walking and consequently the health of inhabitants. The population density elasticity of the number of steps is 0.046–0.049 in a simple log linear regression model without a peak. 相似文献
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作为一种新型的尾滑道式船载小艇收放系统,在回收小艇时,小艇需要以一定的航速冲上尾滑道。回收能否成功除了受制于驾驶员操作水平等主观因素,还与滑道的涉水深度、小艇与母船尾滑道的运动响应等客观条件有关。本文利用切片理论计算了小艇与母船尾滑道的运动响应,并对3级及4级海况下回收小艇的可行性进行了分析。 相似文献
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依托港口岸线建设环境补偿人工沙滩工程是践行国家生态文明建设战略,实现港、城一体化发展的有益举措。针对人工沙滩建设中的理论和关键技术问题,通过自主研发,取得以下主要创新性成果:1)发展了沙、泥并存下沙滩动力地貌学基础理论;2)形成先进的数值、物理模拟技术;3)提出适用于各种复杂泥沙环境下的人工沙滩设计原则;4)研发了人工沙滩防侵蚀、防泥化的整治与养护措施。研究成果已成功应用于不同复杂泥沙环境下的实际沙滩工程中,实现了良好的经济、社会和生态环境效益,具有广阔的推广应用前景。 相似文献
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针对码头工程中如何多方位将节能增效措施融入到设计中的问题,以长江江苏段某散杂码头及其堆场的设计为例,在工艺、结构、电气等方面采用多方位比较的方法,工艺采用装船机、取料机和皮带机变频联动系统、旋转式过渡皮带车以及三工位头部伸缩装置等措施,结构方面陆域轨道基础采用新型专利,电气方面采用风光互补路灯及岸电系统等不同的节能增效措施,使项目更经济合理、效益显著。 相似文献
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高水头船闸常采用第二类输水系统以满足船闸闸室内水流条件的要求,但往往工程量大、施工复杂。根据船闸闸址处地形、地质条件,抬高闸底奠基高程以达到降低工程量并简化施工的目的,并在采取一定消能手段后,采用闸墙长廊道侧支孔输水形式。通过物理模型,对旁海航电枢纽输水系统进行布置及优化,证实采取加大闸室初始淹没水深、闸室两侧出水口加设连续消力坎、优化进出水口布置及进水口布置帷墙等措施可达到预期效果。 相似文献