用改良的荧光探针法测定外周血淋巴细胞膜流动性及其临床应用

用改良的荧光探针法测定外周血淋巴细胞膜流动性，此方法不需分离细胞膜，操作简便，灵敏度高，批内变异系数CV为0．9％。采用该方法对41例心力衰竭患者及20例正常人外周淋巴细胞膜流动性进行了测定，结果显示：心力衰竭患者外周淋巴细胞膜流动性P值为0．345±0．021，正常人为0．259±0．019，二者有显著差异（P＜0．05）；且发现外周淋巴细胞膜流动性改变与红细胞的改变一致，相关分析表明二者呈正相关（r=0．937，P＜0．05）。     

质子交换膜燃料电池的结构和运行参数对其性能的影响

讨论了电池结构参数和运行条件对质子交换膜燃料电池性能的影响．结果表明：催化层中的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）和质子导体Nation的含量都有一最佳范围；良好的电池结构和尺寸将有利于反应气体的均匀分配、产物的排出以及电池内阻的减小．增加气体扩散层的孔径、孔隙率可增大电池的极限电流密度；降低电解质膜的厚度将会降低电池的内阻；提高运行温度和压力将改善电池内电化学反应和传质；加湿温度、反应气体的流速应适应电流密度的变化．     

c-myc反义寡核苷酸对肾癌细胞的生长抑制作用及对细胞周期的影响

目的　观察修饰的c myc反义寡核苷酸 (ASODN)对肾癌细胞的生长和细胞周期的影响。 方法　用人工合成的c mycASODN转染于培养的人肾癌细胞 ,观察其对瘤细胞的作用。结果　①MTT法测定发现 ,与正义和错配链相比较 ,c mycASODN有明显抑制肾癌细胞生长的作用 ,12 μmol·L-1c mycASODN组作用 4 8h ,对瘤细胞的生长抑制率为 4 7% ;该生长抑制作用随反义药物剂量的增加而增强 ,同时随作用时间的变化而变化。②流式细胞仪检测证明 ,c mycASODN对肾癌细胞周期的抑制作用在G1期到S期。结论　c mycASODN具有序列特异性和细胞周期特异性地抑制肾癌细胞生长作用     

环氧化酶-2及表皮生长因子受体在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨环氧化酶-2(COX-2)与表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达及与肺癌发生发展的关系。方法采用免疫组化(SP)法检测56例NSCLC和20例正常肺组织中COX-2与EGFR的表达。结果56例NSCLC组织中,COX-2与EGFR表达阳性率分别为64.2%和67.8%,显著高于正常肺组织(P<0.01),COX-2与EGFR表达与临床分期、病理分级、组织学分型和淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05),肿瘤分期愈晚,细胞分化越差,淋巴结转移越高,COX-2与EGFR表达阳性率越高,腺癌中COX-2表达明显高于鳞癌,鳞癌中EGFR表达高于腺癌(P<0.05)。结论COX-2与EGFR在NSCLC中异常表达说明其在肺癌发生发展中有重要作用,可作为判断NSCLC的生物学行为及估计预后的指标。     

质子交换膜燃料电池接触电阻研究进展

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)接触电阻问题是制约其商业化发展的一个重要因素。影响接触电阻的因素可归纳为电池材料、组装参数、工作参数和其他因素。本文主要介绍了PEMFC的接触电阻及其影响因素,并综述了降低接触电阻的方法。     

Modeling traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit left‐turn yielding rules with an enhanced cell transmission model

This paper presents an enhanced cell transmission model (CTM) to capture traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules (i.e. aggressive permissive left‐turn maneuvers may not necessarily yield to opposing through traffic), which can be widely observed in many developing countries. Different from previous studies that focus on traffic dynamics on approaching links, this study contributes to modeling traffic operations within the intersection. A novel cell transmission framework with various types of virtual cells is proposed to model the dynamics of traffic movements from approach to exit. The unique phenomenon of competitive occupying of the conflict point between the left turn and opposing through movements is modeled. The cell state indicating its blockage is proposed to capture the dynamic queue formulation and dissipation and to evaluate the operational traffic performance at the intersection. Field validation results show that the proposed model can capture the operation of traffic at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules with significantly higher level of accuracy than traditional traffic flow models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Finding time‐robust fuel‐efficient paths for a call‐taxi in a stochastic city road network

Intra‐city commuting is being revolutionized by call‐taxi services in many developing countries such as India. A customer requests a taxi via phone, and it arrives at the right time and at the right location for the pick‐up. This mode of intra‐city travel has become one of the most reliable and convenient modes of transportation for customers traveling for business and non‐business purposes. The increased number of vehicles on city roads and raising fuel costs has prompted a new type of transportation logistics problem of finding a fuel‐efficient and quickest path for a call‐taxi through a city road network, where the travel times are stochastic. The stochastic travel time of the road network is induced by obstacles such as the traffic signals and intersections. The delay and additional fuel consumption at each of these obstacles are calculated that are later imputed to the total travel time and fuel consumption of a path. A Monte‐Carlo simulation‐based approach is proposed to identify unique fuel‐efficient paths between two locations in a city road network where each obstacle has a delay distribution. A multi‐criteria score is then assigned to each unique path based on the probability that the path is fuel efficient, the average travel time of the path and the coefficient of variation of the travel times of the path. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于双子乳化剂的微乳化柴油配比优化

为了研究双子乳化剂对微乳化柴油稳定性的影响,以 Minitab 软件设计单因素试验、Plackett‐Burman 试验、爬坡试验、Box‐Behnken 试验,通过 Box‐Behnken 试验数据,建立响应面模型,通过 Minitab 软件中的寻优模块,对试验结果寻优,得到最优的试验配方（体积分数）：复配乳化剂比例2．13％,蓖麻油比例1．02％,柴油比例80．85％, HLB 值6．56,葡萄糖水溶液16％,溶液中葡萄糖质量分数18．68％。试验结果表明：利用双子乳化剂制备的微乳化柴油稳定时间为292．6 h ,通过试验验证得到的稳定时间为286 h ,与理论误差为4．7％,较传统乳化剂稳定时间提高大约10％,复配乳化剂的比例减少12％,助溶剂比例减少5％,溶液中的葡萄糖比例提高9％,且制备的微乳化柴油颜色澄清透明。     

二次喷射时刻对 GDI 汽油机颗粒物排放的影响

研究了缸内直喷汽油机在不同二次喷射时刻条件下的颗粒物粒径分布特性。试验工况为最大扭矩转速2000 r／min工况,负荷率分别为10％,30％,60％。试验结果表明：不同二次喷射时刻下,缸内直喷汽油机颗粒物粒径呈单峰分布,低负荷数量峰值在对应的积聚模态70 nm附近。低负荷下,合理优化二次喷油时刻可以降低颗粒物排放;中等负荷时,单次喷射的颗粒物排放远低于二次喷射。     

汽油机掺烧甲醇裂解气试验研究

在1台电喷汽油机上进行了掺烧甲醇裂解气试验研究,设计了甲醇裂解系统,利用发动机高温排气裂解甲醇,并将裂解气送入气缸燃烧,研究了掺烧甲醇裂解气对发动机经济性和动力性的影响.试验结果表明:在管式裂解器中,甲醇裂解的主要产物是H2和CO,体积分数分别为60.7%~64.8%,19.1%~23.1%;汽油掺烧甲醇裂解气会导致发动机输出扭矩降低,发动机当量燃料消耗率下降,热效率增加,甲醇替代比为20%时,不同负荷下当量燃料消耗率均下降6%以上,最大可降低8.8%,有效热效率由原机32.47%提高到35.57%;原机和掺烧裂解气发动机的有效热效率均随过量空气系数的增加而增加,相同过量空气系数条件下,掺烧裂解气发动机热效率比原机高.