A new fuzzy approach to estimate the O–D matrix from link volumes

Abstract

Estimation of the origin–destination (O–D) trip demand matrix plays a key role in travel analysis and transportation planning and operations. Many researchers have developed different O–D matrix estimation methods using traffic counts, which allow simple data collection as opposed to the costly traditional direct estimation methods based on home and roadside interviews.

In this paper, we present a new fuzzy model to estimate the O–D matrix from traffic counts. Since link data only represent a snapshot situation, resulting in inconsistency of data and poor quality of the estimated O–Ds, the proposed method considers the link data as a fuzzy number that varies within a certain bandwidth. Shafahi and Ramezani's fuzzy assignment method is improved upon and used to assign the estimated O–D matrix, which causes the assigned volumes to be fuzzy numbers similar to what is proposed for observed link counts. The shortest path algorithm of the proposed method is similar to the Floyd–Warshall algorithm, and we call it the Fuzzy Floyd–Warshall Algorithm. A new fuzzy comparing index is proposed by improving the fuzzy comparison method developed by Dubois and Prade to estimate and compare the distance between the assigned and observed link volumes. The O–D estimation model is formulated as a convex minimization problem based on the proposed fuzzy index to minimize the fuzzy distance between the observed and assigned link volumes. A gradient-based method is used to solve the problem. To ensure the original O–D matrix does not change more than necessary during the iterations, a fuzzy rule-based approach is proposed to control the matrix changes.     

高速公路液化地基强夯法处理的现场试验研究

强夯法所具有的优点,使其在许多地基处理工程中都有广泛的应用。对废黄河地区某高速公路的液化地基进行强夯试验,研究了在强夯试验过程中夯沉量、孔隙水压力与夯击次数的关系,以及孔隙水压力与深度和时间的关系,并且在夯前与夯后分别进行SPT、CPT、SAMW试验,检验强夯后试夯区的处理效果,最后提出了合理的强夯施工参数和控制工艺,并得出了一些有益的结论。     

延边三角形移相变压器在大型船用起重吊机上的应用

介绍了变压器的延边三角形移相技术在4000t吊机上的应用,同时对变频器的多重化整流进行了研究.     

地基土标准贯入锤击数与物理力学参数关系探讨

根据徐州地区大量的粘性土标准贯入试验及土工试验资料,基于数理统计理论,采用回归分析方法研究了标贯击数与物理力学指标间的相关关系,拟合了相应的回归方程。结果表明,粘性土物理力学参数与标贯击数具有高度线性关系,利用标贯击数确定粘性土物理力学参数具有较高的可靠性。研究成果可为建立地区经验公式提供基础性资料。