探地雷达的时域有限差分模型

正弦和余弦变换把三维问题转化为二维问题。透射边界条件消除从区域边界的反射，采用超吸收技术改善透射边界条件的后期不稳定性。把这一理论应用于探地雷达模型，得到了很满意的结果。     

水槽侧壁对任意三维结构波浪力的影响

基于势流理论,采用高阶边界元法在线性频域内研究水槽中波浪对任意结构的作用。探讨水槽侧壁对垂直圆柱和方箱所受到的波浪力的影响,研究水槽宽度与入射波长以及结构特征长度之间的关系,重点研究横向立波的产生及其共振对结构受到的水平力和垂向力的影响。     

高速列车开关式横向半主动悬挂系统的理论与实践

阐述了半主动悬挂系统的原理,介绍了基于天棚控制原理的开关式横向半主动悬挂系统的研制过程。利用车辆系统动力学仿真分析软件UM分析了车辆系统采用半主动悬挂改善车体振动性能的结果,确定了半主动悬挂系统的时滞范围和车辆过曲线时车体离心加速度的滤波频率范围。针对样机进行了简化的台架试验。仿真计算和台架试验结果均表明,采用开关式半主动悬挂系统可以有效地维持和断开减振器所提供的阻尼力,从而提高横向运行平稳性指标。     

抗拔桩在地下车站主体结构计算模型中的边界条件研究

抗拔桩在地下车站主体结构计算中作为一个边界条件常被设置为3种型式,以广州地铁2、8号线换乘站南洲站的2号线部分作为计算实例,将这3种常见的边界条件进行计算对比分析,提出一个合理的边界条件,可为今后带抗拔桩的地下车站主体结构计算提供参考。     

深圳地铁 11 号线隧道空气压力波研究

分析并提出高速地铁隧道压力舒适度标准.采用隧道压力波分析软件ThermoTun,对深圳地铁11号线隧道段不同断面设计情况下的压力波及压力舒适度进行分析,提出对隧道泄压系统及隧道断面的设计建议.     

高原低气压增氧旅客列车车厢温度场及热舒适的CFD评价

根据青藏铁路格尔木—拉萨段客车增氧低压的环境特点,对人体热舒适评价指标进行修正。基于RNGk—ε模型,采用计算流体动力学软件(CFD),建立25T型客车的简化CFD模型,利用求解该模型获取的数据对乘客热舒适性进行评价。结果表明:靠近车厢内部中央的温度低,靠近四周壁面的高;除车窗附近2个温度测点在大气压强为101.3kPa时的温度线与大气压强为70.7kPa时的有较大差异外,其余4个测点的温度线在这2个大气压强时重合或非常接近;大气压强为101.3和70.7kPa时,6个测点的温度比大气压强为55.6kPa时高0～2℃:在车厢外气温和辐射强度相同的条件下,大气压强下降至55.6kPa时才对车厢内温度产生明显的影响;当大气压强为55.6kPa时,受气流影响,坐在靠近走廊座位且面对来流方向乘客的热舒适性比在大气压强为101.3和70.7kPa时更接近中性,而坐在靠阴面侧壁座位且背对来流方向乘客的热舒适性比在大气压强为70.7kPa时更接近中性;坐在靠近阳面侧壁座位乘客的热舒适性指标为0.1～0.4,介于中性和稍热之间;而坐在其他座位乘客的热舒适性指标为-1.0～-0.6,介于中性和稍冷之间。由此可推断:大气压强和座位在车厢内的位置是影响车厢内乘客热舒适的主要因素。     

饱和土与结构动力相互作用影响函数

依据外力作用下两相饱和土介质动力响应的基本解，构造了柱面荷载作用下，饱和土与结构动力相互作用影响函数，解决了用边界元法分析饱和土与结构动力相互作用的关键问题。     

Simple Lagrangian formulation of bubbly flow in a turbulent boundary layer (bubbly boundary layer flow)

For the theoretical consideration of a system for reducing skin friction, a mathematical model was derived to represent, in a two-phase field, the effect on skin friction of the injection of micro air bubbles into the turbulent boundary layer of a liquid stream. Based on the Lagrangian method, the equation of motion governing a single bubble was derived. The random motion of bubbles in a field initially devoid of bubbles was then traced in three dimensions to estimate void fraction distributions across sections of the flow channel, and to determine local bubble behavior. The liquid phase was modeled on the principle of mixing length. Assuming that the force exerted on the liquid phase was equal to the fluid drag generated by bubble slip, an equation was derived to express the reduction in turbulent shear stress. Corroborating experimental data were obtained from tests using a cavitation tunnel equipped with a slit in the ceiling from which bubbly water was injected. The measurement data provided qualitative substantiation of the trend shown by the calculated results with regard to the skin friction ratio between cases with and without bubble injection as function of the distance downstream from the point of bubble injection.List of symbols B law of wall constant - C _f local coefficient of skin friction - C _f0 local coefficient of skin friction in the absence of bubbles - d _b bubble diameter [m] - g acceleration of gravity [m/s²] - k ₁ k₄ proportional coefficient - k _L turbulent energy of the liquid phase [m²/s²] - L representative length [m] - l _b mean free path of a bubble [m] - m _A added mass of a single bubble [kg] - m _b mass of a single bubble [kg] - N _x ,N _y ,N _z force perpendicular to the wall or ceiling exerted on a bubble adhering to that wall or ceiling [N] - P absolute pressure [Pa] - Q _G rate of air supply [/min] - q _L ⁽ⁱ⁾ turbulent velocity at the ith time increment [m/s] - R> _ex Reynolds number defined by Eq. 32 - T _*L integral time scale of the liquid phase [s] - U velocity of the main stream [m/s] - ,¯v,¯w time-averaged velocity components [m/s] - u,v,w turbulent velocity components [m/s] - û _L ,v_L root mean square values of liquid phase turbulence components in thex- and y-directions [m/s] - V volume of a single bubble [m³] - X,Y,Z components of bubble displacement [m] - x _s ,y _s ,z _s coordinate of a random point on a sphere of unit diameter centered at the coordinate origin - root mean square of bubble displacement in they-direction in reference to the turbulent liquid phase velocity [m] - local void fraction - _m mean void fraction in a turbulent region - regular random number - R _v increment of the horizontal component of the force acting on a single bubble, defined by Eq. 22 [N] - t time increment [s] - ₁ reduction of turbulent stress [N/m²] - _L rate of liquid energy dissipation [m²/s³] - _m coefficient defined by Eq. 30 - law of wall constant in the turbulent region in absence of bubbles - ₁ law of wall constant in the turbulent region in presence of bubbles     

Semi-active control of tracked vehicle suspension incorporating magnetorheological dampers

In past years, the application of magnetorheological (MR) and electrorheological dampers in vehicle suspension has been widely studied, mainly for the purpose of vibration control. This paper presents theoretical study to identify an appropriate semi-active control method for MR-tracked vehicle suspension. Three representative control algorithms are simulated including the skyhook, hybrid and fuzzy-hybrid controllers. A seven degrees-of-freedom tracked vehicle suspension model incorporating MR dampers has been adopted for comparison between the performance of the three controllers. The model differential equations are derived based on Newton's second law of motion and the proposed control methods are developed. The performance of each control method under bump and sinusoidal road profiles for different vehicle speeds is simulated and compared with the performance of the conventional suspension system in time and frequency domains. The results show that the performance of tracked vehicle suspension with MR dampers is substantially improved. Moreover, the fuzzy-hybrid controller offers an excellent integrated performance in reducing the body accelerations as well as wheel bounce responses compared with the classical skyhook and hybrid controllers.     

基于乘客舒适度的悬挂式单轨平面圆曲线参数研究

由于车辆结构的差别,悬挂式单轨平面圆曲线参数与传统轮轨相差较大。为研究合理的圆曲线参数取值,本文运用行驶动力学理论,从乘客舒适度角度,对最小平面曲线半径和最小圆曲线长度等参数进行了计算研究,提出了相应的取值建议。当车辆最大偏转角不大于6. 843°,最大未被平衡离心加速度不大于0. 8 m/s~2,车速为80km/h时,最小平面曲线半径应不小于250 m。由于悬挂式单轨车辆的悬挂结构和参数与传统轮轨车辆存在较大区别,其最小圆曲线长度应不小于2V,是传统轮轨铁路的4倍。后续可在此研究成果基础上,利用车线耦合动力学理论,对乘坐舒适性、车线动力响应、车辆性能与线路参数之间的匹配关系等进行进一步研究,并综合考虑建设成本、运营维修等因素,合理确定各项参数。