Optimization and integration of ground vehicle systems

This article deals with the optimal design of ground vehicles and their subsystems, with particular reference to 'active' safety and comfort. A review of state-of-the-art optimization methods for solving vehicle system design problems, including the integration of electronic controls, is given, thus further encouraging the use of such methods as standard tools for automotive engineers. Particular attention is devoted to the class of methods pertaining to complex system design optimization, as well as approaches for the optimal design of complex systems under uncertainty. Some examples of design optimizations are given in the fields of vehicle system dynamics, powertrain/internal combustion engine design, active safety and ride comfort, vehicle system design and lightweight structures, advanced automotive electronics, and smart vehicles.     

提速旅客列车纵向冲动的仿真研究

根据提速旅客列车对于旅客乘坐舒适性的要求，应用列车纵向动力学理论分析影响旅客列车纵向冲动的主要因素，并通过比较不同装备条件的仿真研究结果，说明提速旅客列车纵向冲动的现状及发展前景。     

列车系统运行平稳性研究

在车辆动力学模型的基础上,建立由3辆拖车组成的列车动力学模型。建模过程中考虑列车系统中存在的轮轨接触几何关系非线性、轮轨蠕滑率/蠕滑力的非线性、钩缓装置作用力的非线性以及车辆模型一、二系悬挂作用力的非线性等因素。研究车间连接刚度和连接阻尼对列车运行平稳性的影响。仿真结果表明,车间横向连接刚度和横向连接阻尼系数对列车的运行平稳性影响较大,而车间垂向连接刚度和垂向连接阻尼系数对列车的运行平稳性影响很小。在列车中的相邻两车之间安装横向减振器能够有效地提高列车的横向运行平稳性,并能够改善列车的垂向运行平稳性。仿真结果还发现,在转向架悬挂参数相同的情况下,单一车辆的运行平稳性指标大于列车的运行平稳性指标。     

利用微气泡层减少平板阻力的边界层模型计算

以流体中光滑平板为例，建立微气泡层覆盖平板的气液简单边界层模型，采用平板层流理论，对给定的一系列气泡喷射速度参数和流体特性参数计算了微气泡状态下平板的摩擦阻力，结果显示微气泡对平板有明显减阻效果；最后给出了气体边界层的速度分布和剪切应力分布。     

A new passive approach to reducing the carbody vertical bending vibration of railway vehicles

This paper brings to view a new passive approach regarding the reduction of the flexible carbody vertical bending vibration of railway vehicles via two anti-bending bars fixed onto the longitudinal beams of a carbody underframe. The anti-bending bars operate as elastic elements limiting the rotation of the carbody cross-sections and thus increasing the bending carbody frequency. The anti-bending bars are dimensioned so that the frequency of the first bending mode of the carbody to be convenient in terms of ride comfort. The effectiveness in the use of the anti-bending bars is proven by the lowering of the vibration level and improvement of the vehicle ride comfort.     

关于喷水推进装置平进口边界层影响系数估算的探讨

喷水推进装置进口边界层是影响喷水推进推力和推进效率的重要因素,在喷水推进主参数优化选择计算中,如何较为准确地选取边界层影响系数α是至关重要的一步,它将直接影响到计算结果的准确性。通过对相关计算进行初步的分析与探讨,欲起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

水下爆炸气泡对水面舰船载荷的数值研究

文章基于势流理论采用边界积分法求解拉普拉斯方程,阐述水面舰船附近三维爆炸气泡脉动过程的计算模型.通过数值计算获得气泡运动规律的同时,着重研究爆炸气泡对船体的载荷.计算结果揭示出爆炸气泡对水面舰船的整体破坏作用.     

沥青路面微波热再生传热模型与解法

为了获得沥青路面微波热再生过程的温度场,基于传热学理论,分析了微波加热过程的传热形式,建立了三维非稳态的传热模型,研究了传热模型的边界条件,求解了对流换热系数及辐射换热发射率,根据能量守恒原理,确定了内热源强度,实现了电场到热场的转化。采用交替方向显(ADE)格式,提出了传热模型的数值解法,对实测温度进行拟合,并建立了传热边界条件数学模型,仿真求得模型的可视化数值解。结果发现:加热450 s时,沥青混合料大部分区域接近70℃,加热600 s时,达到80℃,加热到750 s时,温度迅速上升到110℃左右,这表明热量传递随加热时间是非线性的,必须精确地选择加热时间以保证修补质量。     

Dynamic response analysis of towed cable during deployment/retrieval

A numerical approach was developed to analyze the transient behavior of towed cable during ac- tively controlled deployment/retrieval (DR). The cable motion is described by the lumped parameter method, its corresponding boundary conditions are presented. In view of its varying length during DR, two auxiliary arguments are introduced to describe its continuous varying length and discrete number of nodes(equations), the length is determined by the pay out(or reel-in) rate, which is then used to determine the node number by a logic relation. For the discrete mathematical model of towed cable, an algorithm was developed to deal with the discrete governing equations. The simulation results indicate that the cable experiences more com- plex motions due to its varying length, and tension fluctuates seriously in the startup and ending stage of deployment/retrieval. The effect of towing ship's motion in waves on cable during deployment/retrieval is also considered via numerical simulation.     

整车平顺性仿真及试验优化

为了提高整车的平顺性,采用机械系统动力学分析软件MSC.Adam s建立了某车的虚拟样机模型;实现了随机输入路面平顺性仿真;考虑了悬架的刚度、阻尼参数对整车平顺性的影响,最后采用试验优化技术中的近似D-最优设计对悬架参数进行优化,极大改善了整车的平顺性。