舰用大型进气装置动力特性研究

进行舰用进气装置系统的动力特性分析可以解决结构在使用中遇到的振动导致变形过大等问题,并为结构优化设计起指导作用.从舰用进气装置动力特性的研究需要出发,论述了动力特性分析的理论基础,以某大型进气装置为对象,针对激励环境、固有特性及动力响应进行了试验研究.提出了适合于船载复杂结构的有限元分析技术,通过试验计算的对比分析,验证了分析方法的可行性和准确性,并指出了进气装置固有特性和动力敏感度的特征.     

On the numerical accuracy of the prediction of resistance coefficients in ship stern flow calculations

This article presents a study on the accuracy of the numerical determination of the friction and pressure resistance coefficients of ship hulls. The investigation was carried out for the KVLCC2 tanker at model- and full-scale Reynolds numbers. Gravity waves were neglected, i.e., we adopted the so-called double-model flow. Single-block grids with H–O topology were adopted for all the calculations. Three eddy viscosity models were employed: the one-equation eddy viscosity and the two-equation models proposed by Menter and the TNT version of the two-equation k-ω model. Verification exercises were performed in sets of nearly geometrically similar grids with different densities in the streamwise, normal, and girthwise directions. The friction and pressure resistance coefficients were calculated for different levels of the iterative error and for computational domains of different size. The results show that on the level of grid refinement used, it is possible to calculate the viscous resistance coefficients in H–O grids that do not match the ship contour with a numerical uncertainty of less than 1%. The differences between the predictions of different turbulence models were larger than the numerical uncertainty; however, these differences tended to decrease with increases in the Reynolds number. The pressure resistance was remarkably sensitive to domain size and far-field boundary conditions. Either a large domain or the application of a viscous–inviscid interaction procedure is needed for reliable results. This work was presented in part at the International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering—MARINE 2007, Barcelona, June 3–4, 2007.     

气泡艉流场特征及其研究综述

船舶气泡艉流场特征研究蕴含着重要的军事和民用价值.从气泡艉流场的几何特征、声光物理特征以及尾流中气泡的数密度、尺度分布特征等方面,总结了当前国内外关于船舶气泡艉流场特征研究的主要成果,进而通过分析它们在遥感探测、制导等领域的应用情况,进一步阐明了船舶气泡艉流场特征研究的重要性,并提出了应加强对气泡艉流场的探测技术和抑制消除技术研究的发展建议.     

浅谈钢纤维混凝土的特性及其施工工艺

钢纤维混凝土是一种新兴的建筑材料,有关它的研究也在不断的深入,随着材料科学的不断进步,施工工艺的不断完善,钢纤维混凝土以其优是的特性,在各工程领域内将有更广阔的应用。     

我国县城交通特征浅析

当前我国县城的布局形式多为过境公路穿城布局,形成县城交通问题与交通方式独有的特征,问题严重而没有引起足够的重视。只有结合镇区改造,理顺道路系统,遵循社会经济发展的需求,加强基础设施建设,完善道路设施,才能使县城交通发挥其最大功效,以满足社会生产、居民出行的需要。     

基于用地和交通特征的停车需求预测模型

为了解决城市停车难问题,对停车需求进行合理预测,考虑目前日益紧张的土地资源和快速增长的交通流量,分析了用地与交通影响预测模型建立的基本原理,采用用地特征函数描述了土地使用性质与停车生成率之间的关系,采用交通影响函数分析了路网流量增长率和停车率对停车需求的影响,在此基础上建立了停车需求预测模型。利用开发的软件系统,根据典型区域的土地资源规划和道路交通调查数据,进行了城市停车需求预测。预测结果表明:随着时间的变化,在各种因素影响下,停车需求近5 a增长较缓慢,而在随后的5 a中停车需求快速增长,且日停车需求量的增长速度明显高于高峰小时的增长速度。     

某装备结构动态特性分析

利用试验模态分析法获得了某机枪结构的模态参数,分析了机枪的动态特性,并通过基于模态试验的灵敏度分析方法,获得了影响该机枪动态特性的敏感部位,为改善机枪动态特性提供了依据.     

Extracting driving characteristics from heavy goods vehicle tachograph charts

European Union regulations require haulage companies of member states like the UK to keep records of their drivers’ hours of work. All heavy goods vehicles (HGV's) over 7.5 tonnes are fitted with tachographs which record a driver's operating activities (periods of driving, other work and rest). These records are etched onto a laminated chart by various styli, one of which records the vehicle's speed. This paper describes the development and testing of a new technique for extracting individual driving characteristics from the speed trace of an HGV tachograph chart to calculate four parameters: distance travelled, average speed, time travelled and speed variability.

The average speed, time travelled and speed variability were analysed statistically using one‐way analysis of variance tests. Speed variability was found to be particularly useful for identifying differences between individual driver's behaviour. Once differences in behaviours can be identified it may be possible to link certain driving habits to factors such as component wear, accident rates and excessive fuel usage.     

外倾式非对称曲线拱桥力学特性分析

针对一座外倾式非对称钢箱拱桥,通过利用桥梁结构专业软件Midas/civil建立其空间杆系有限元模型进行整体受力性能分析,探讨主要受力结构拱肋、吊杆以及钢箱主梁的力学特点;并通过外倾角的改变研究分析了吊杆内力随拱肋外倾角改变的变化规律,对于完善该类异型拱桥的设计理论、工程施工,确保结构安全、设计合理等方面都有一定的参考价值。     

柔性绿色防护在祁临高速边坡养护中的应用

介绍祁临高速路堑边坡病害处治中舍弃了传统的刚性防护,而采用的一种新型柔性绿色防护类型。从经济效益、社会效益、施工技术特点等方面论述了这种新型环保防护形式的优越性。该工程坚持环境保护和经济建设同步发展的方针,以护坡、绿化、环保、和谐为主题,围绕以人为本的宗旨,科学设计,使之成新型柔性护坡的典范。