沈阳市奥林匹克体育中心室外广场铺装设计

通过通俗易懂的语言阐述了北方寒冷地区大尺寸花岗岩板铺设的大面积广场的设计过程,旨在为今后类似广场的结构、铺设图案、竖向等设计提供一定的借鉴.     

基于可拓切换控制方法的智能车辆车道保持系统研究（双语出版）

针对道路曲率变化范围较大时，智能车辆在大曲率道路工况车道保持控制精度低的问题，提出一种基于可拓切换控制理论的智能车辆车道保持控制系统，该车道保持系统由上层可拓控制器和下层控制器两部分组成。在上层可拓控制器中，通过车道线检测得到车辆相对于道路的位置信息和道路曲率信息。根据可拓集合理论，选取预瞄点处横向位置偏差和前方道路曲率值作为可拓集合的特征值并划分可拓集合，求解关联函数，并根据关联函数值将车辆-道路系统状态分为经典域、可拓域和非域。在下层控制器中，在经典域采用基于横向位置偏差和航向偏差的PID反馈控制器，在可拓域中采用基于前方道路曲率的PID前馈-反馈控制器，非域中车辆-道路系统处于完全失控状态，采取紧急制动。2种仿真工况结果表明：相比于单一PID反馈控制，提出的车道保持控制系统，有效抑制了在大曲率道路下的跟踪误差值，提高了智能驾驶汽车在时变曲率的道路工况下车道保持控制精度和工况适应性。     

半刚性基层材料动态模量研究

文章针对我国常用的水泥稳定碎石和二灰稳定碎石两种半刚性材料,通过大量的室内试验研究,建立了两种材料动态模量与无侧限抗压强度和静态模量的关系,为没有条件进行动态模量试验的单位进行路面结构设计提供建议。     

砂石路养护机械化配置方案

简要叙述了目前国内砂石道路的使用状况及主要病害后，就砂石路面养护机械化的作业范围，提出了以县级及下属养护工区为主体的砂石路养护工作的具体内容及其详尽的养护机械配置方案。     

Fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control for the automobiles’ active suspension system

Two typical criteria for good vehicle suspension performance are their ability to provide good road handling and increased passenger comfort. The main disturbance affecting these two criteria is terrain irregularities. Active suspension control systems reduce these undesirable effects by isolating car body motion from vibrations at the wheels. This paper describes fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control (AFC) schemes for the automobile active suspension system (ASS). The design objective is to provide smooth vertical motion so as to achieve the road holding and riding comfort over a wide range of road profiles. The efficacy of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated via simulations. With respect to the optimal linear quadratic regulator (LQR), it is shown that superior results have been achieved by the AFC.     

基于高频PWM整流逆变技术的能量回馈装置研究

结合高频PWM整流逆变电路高功率因数、低谐波特性,提出了一种可实现再生能量回馈利用的装置。文中介绍了该装置的主电路拓扑结构和工作原理,并根据它的等效电路和功率平衡关系建立了数学模型。从实现单位功率因数有源逆变控制出发,设计了双闭环直接电流控制系统,利用Ziegler-Nichols整定算法得到内外环PI调节器的参数。通过Matlab/Simulink仿真表明,方案设计合理,控制系统有良好的动静态性能。     

Nonlinear feedforward–feedback control of clutch-to-clutch shift technique

To improve the shift quality of the vehicle with clutch-to-clutch gear shifts, a nonlinear feedforward–feedback control scheme is proposed for clutch slip control during the shift inertia phase. The feedforward control is designed based on flatness in consideration of the system nonlinearities, and the linear feedback control is given to accommodate the model errors and the disturbances. Lookup tables, which are widely used to represent complex nonlinear characteristics of powertrain systems, appear in their original form in the designed feedforward controller, while the linear feedback controller is calculated through linear matrix inequalities such that the control system is robust against the parameter uncertainties. Finally, the designed controller is tested on an AMESim powertrain simulation model, which contains a time-variant model of clutch actuators.     

The future of road safety: A worldwide perspective

Estimates by the World Health Organization suggest that, on a yearly basis, road crashes kill 1.25 million people—nearly 3400 road fatalities per day—and injure up to 50 million. Traffic injuries are not equally spread over the world, however; some countries are hit harder than others, and the chance of being killed in a road crash depends on where one lives. Almost 90% of all traffic casualties occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Globally, the number of fatalities per 100,000 population (mortality rate) ranges from less than 3 to almost 40. The rate is less than 9 in high-income countries (HIC) but averages around 20 in LMIC, with the African region demonstrating the highest rate (26.6). While road safety trends have been positive in HIC over the last few decades, trends in LMIC are not telling a positive story: road fatalities are expected to increase to almost 2 million road fatalities per year by 2020.The United Nations has adopted several resolutions on road safety and proposes actions to tackle the global road safety crisis. Considering the current level of road safety to be unacceptable, the UN has taken several initiatives. One effort, the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011–2020, has generated substantial activity around the world over the last couple of years. Furthermore, it is very encouraging that the UN included road safety in the Sustainable Development Goals that it laid out in September 2015. Road safety is part of the public health agenda and the urban development agenda. Measured in “real actions,” however, the responses so far from the overall global community and individual countries do not suggest that we are already on the right track to bringing down the death toll on roads.The future of road safety is uncertain and definitely not the same for all regions of the world. Countries with a mature road safety approach and an ambition to make further progress are expected to move in the direction of a pro-active approach: a Safe System approach. It is reported that many LMIC, meanwhile, are on the brink of designing road safety strategies and implementing action plans. The international community is willing to support LMIC, but LMIC cannot simply copy successful HIC strategies because local circumstances differ. The principles of successful HIC strategies are applicable, but the priorities and action plans should take root in and align with local conditions.     

公路行业提升文化建设内涵的方法研究

文章针对当前公路行业在文化建设方面的不足，从保护弘扬行业传统、创新行业文化建设的方法、帮助行业提升软实力、加强全国行业文化建设指导等四个方面探讨了提升公路文化建设内涵的途径。     

Fault-tolerant control of heavy-haul trains

The fault-tolerant control (FTC) of heavy-haul trains is discussed on the basis of the speed regulation proposed in previous works. The fault modes of trains are assumed and the corresponding fault detection and isolation (FDI) are studied. The FDI of sensor faults is based on a geometric approach for residual generators. The FDI of a braking system is based on the observation of the steady-state speed. From the difference of the steady-state speeds between the fault system and the faultless system, one can get fault information. Simulation tests were conducted on the suitability of the FDIs and the redesigned speed regulators. It is shown that the proposed FTC does not explicitly worsen the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faultless system, while it obviously improves the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faulty system.