AC-13C型沥青混合料级配设计

为适应高等级公路沥青路面表面层的功能要求,对常用的AC-13型沥青混合料,需结合气候特点和交通特点进行级配优化。文中对7种AC-13级配形成的沥青混合料的高温稳定性、水稳定性等使用性能进行试验研究,提出适用于湖北地区高等级公路沥青路面的AC-13C型沥青混合料的设计级配,并通过试验路进行级配验证。     

AK-13A矿料级配在醴潭高速公路中对路面抗滑性能的影响

在高速公路建设发展日新月异的今天,人们对高速公路路面的质量要求越来越高,在不断优化其行车舒适性的同时,对行车安全性的要求也越来越高;因此,沥青路面的抗滑性能在其中发挥的作用尤其重要。文中以醴潭高速公路中AK-13A抗滑表面层的实际施工为例．通过对混合料级配的设计及调整,研究混合料级配变化对路面抗滑性能所产生的影响。以实例对混合料级配与路面抗滑性能之间的相关性进行阐述。     

城市旧路加铺改造中调整AK-13B的尝试

针对AK-13B抗水损害能力较差的缺点,在某城市旧路加铺改造的实际应用中,对AK-13B从配合比设计到施工均作了一定的调整和改进,取得了优良的路用性能。此经验可为同类工程提供借鉴。     

北京地铁13号线故障情况下运营方案研究

北京地铁13号线是北京城市轨道交通的第一务地面线路。分析影响列车运行的客观因素和线路特点,介绍针对不同区段线路阻隔而制定的行车组织方案,以在保证安全的前提下最大限度地满足乘客需求．     

AC-13温拌沥青混合料的路用性能研究

为了评价温拌沥青混合料的水稳定性和疲劳性能,以热拌沥青混合料的配合比设计方法,掺加Sasobit降粘剂制备了AC-13温拌沥青混合料,进行了浸水马歇尔试验、冻融劈裂试验、小梁疲劳试验和低温弯曲试验,测定了温拌沥青混合料的残留稳定度、残留强度比、疲劳次数和低温性能。结果表明:掺加3%Sasobit时,温拌沥青混合料的残留稳定度和残留强度比达到最大值,分别为91.2%、87.5%,疲劳次数与基质沥青相比,增加了16.4%,说明掺加Sasobit后,提高了温拌沥青混合料的路用性能,由低温弯曲试验确定Sasobit的掺量不宜大于3%。     

MARPOL附则Ⅰ修正案对油船运输市场的影响

2002年11月的“威望”号轮事故的发生促使国际海事组织(IMO)第50届特别海上环境保护委员会通过了对《73／78防污公约》附则Ⅰ的修正案,修订了淘汰单壳油船的时间表(第13G条),并增加了限制单壳油船载运重油的新规定(第13H条)。于2005年4月5日生效的该修正案对全球油船运输业产生了重大的影响。     

Simulation methods supporting homologation of Electronic Stability Control in vehicle variants

ABSTRACT

Vehicle simulation has a long tradition in the automotive industry as a powerful supplement to physical vehicle testing. In the field of Electronic Stability Control (ESC) system, the simulation process has been well established to support the ESC development and application by suppliers and Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs). The latest regulation of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UN/ECE-R 13 allows also for simulation-based homologation. This extends the usage of simulation from ESC development to homologation. This paper gives an overview of simulation methods, as well as processes and tools used for the homologation of ESC in vehicle variants. The paper first describes the generic homologation process according to the European Regulation (UN/ECE-R 13H, UN/ECE-R 13/11) and U.S. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS 126). Subsequently the ESC system is explained as well as the generic application and release process at the supplier and OEM side. Coming up with the simulation methods, the ESC development and application process needs to be adapted for the virtual vehicles. The simulation environment, consisting of vehicle model, ESC model and simulation platform, is explained in detail with some exemplary use-cases. In the final section, examples of simulation-based ESC homologation in vehicle variants are shown for passenger cars, light trucks, heavy trucks and trailers. This paper is targeted to give a state-of-the-art account of the simulation methods supporting the homologation of ESC systems in vehicle variants. However, the described approach and the lessons learned can be used as reference in future for an extended usage of simulation-supported releases of the ESC system up to the development and release of driver assistance systems.

Abbreviations: ABS: Anti-lock braking system; ADR: Australian design rules; ALB: Automatic load-dependent brake force controller; AMEVSC: Alternative method to assess the electronic vehicle stability control system; APP: Application; BSC: Brake slip controller; CAE: Computer-aided engineering; CAN: Controller area network; CAT: Category; CoG: Centre of gravity; DIN: Deutsches Institut für Normung (German Institute for Standards); EB+: Trademark of Haldex; EBD: Electronic brake force distribution; EBS: Electronic brake system; ECU: Electronic control unit; ESC: Electronic stability control; ECVWTA: European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval; FMVSS: Federal motor vehicle safety standards; GPS: Global positioning system; GRRF: Groupe de travail en matiere de roulement et de freinage (Working Party on Braking and Running Gear); HiL: Hardware-in-the-Loop; HSRI: Highway Safety Research Institute; K&C: Kinematic and compliant (KnC); MBS: Multibody systems; MPV: Multipurpose vehicle; NHTSA: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; OEM: Original equipment manufacturer; SiL: Software-in-the-Loop; ST: Summer tyres; STM: Single track model; StVO: Straßenverkehrsordnung (Government Highway Regulations); SUV: Sports utility vehicle; SW: Software; SwD: Sine with dwell manoeuvre; TC: Threshold consumption value; TCS: Traction control system; TRIAS: Test Requirements and Instructions for Automobile Standards; UN/ECE: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe; VAF: Value-added function; VDC: Vehicle dynamics controller; VTC: Vehicle test catalogue; WT: Winter tyres     

SMA配合比设计中沥青胶结料的适用性评判

结合辽宁SMA路面工程实践,结合两种改性沥青在路面上面层SMA13L目标配合比设计过程中遇到的问题,探讨了不同改性沥青对沥青混合料性能的影响,为沥青路面实际施工前的沥青混凝土目标配合比设计提供借鉴。     

九圩港大桥连续钢箱梁桥面铺装混合料配合比设计

连续钢箱梁桥较拉索支撑扁平流线型钢桥跨径小且刚度大。现有的钢桥面铺装结构主要适应于拉索支撑扁平流线型钢桥铺装,而连续钢箱梁桥面铺装结构体系的研究在国内尚属空白,依托南通市九圩港大桥提出新型桥面铺装结构并进行针对性设计,运营通车以来尚未出现任何病害,表现出良好的使用性能,进一步的跟踪观测正在进行中。     

2Cr13钢转动座热处理工艺优化试验研究

2Cr13钢转动座耐腐蚀性能受其热处理工艺影响较大,分析尾轴密封装置转动座腐蚀失效的原因,优化2Cr13钢转动座热处理工艺,成为一项迫切的任务。通过反复试验,全面测试了2Cr13钢转动座物理机械性能和耐蚀性能与热处理的关系,分析了2Cr13钢在不同回火温度中随析出相不同,其物理机械性能和抗腐蚀能力的变化规律。研究结果表明,2Cr13钢在低温回火时,材料的综合性能强,可同时保证硬度、强度、耐磨性及耐腐蚀性能的要求。