网联自动驾驶车辆混合交通流专用道管控方法

分析了网联自动驾驶车辆(CAV)混合交通流中各车辆类型及其跟驰模式下的车头间距,从通用性混合交通流特征层面理论推导了各车头间距模式的概率表达式,从而对混合交通流进行了数学描述;以混合交通流整体通行流率最大为目标,计算了多车道混合交通流中一个CAV专用道的设置条件以及专用道设置后CAV交通流在专用道和混合道上的最优交通流分配比例,将一个CAV专用道情形推广至多个CAV专用道动态管控的一般性情形,构建了混合交通流专用道动态管控的分析方法;应用案例分析论证了CAV专用道管控方法的有效性。研究结果表明：在交通需求为2 000 veh·h^-1时,各CAV渗透率阶段均无需设置CAV专用道;在交通需求为3 000 veh·h^-1时,需在CAV渗透率为0.2~0.4的阶段下考虑设置CAV专用道;在交通需求为5 000 veh·h^-1时,需考虑在各CAV渗透率阶段下设置CAV专用道;提出的CAV专用道管控方法可根据交通需求和车道总数等条件定量化计算不同CAV渗透率阶段下的最优CAV专用道数量以及CAV交通流最优分配比例,且交通需求能够影响反映CAV专用道设置条件的临界CAV渗透率范围,交通需求和车道总数量可分别从交通需求属性和道路空间属性方面促进最优CAV专用道数量的提升,符合多车道场景混合交通流CAV专用道管控的特性。     

基于最小延误费用的可变车道数调整模型

考虑在“潮汐式”车流条件下道路的双向流量不平衡,研究以用户最小延误费用为目标的可变车道变换调整方案。将可变车道数作为决策变量建立模型,并给出模型的求解步骤。利用交通仿真软件Vissim结合具体算例进行分析,验证模型的可行性与可用性,并计算出合理的可变车道数。结果证明当方向分布系数大于等于2／3、道路交通条件允许时,设置可变车道可降低所有车辆的延误时间和延误费用。     

信号交叉口转向可变车道长度研究

从信号交叉口服务水平和路权角度出发,提出了转向可变车道的概念,并且分析其设置的原则及条件。在此基础上,从交叉口的道路交通条件及通行效率方面考虑,建立了转向可变车道长度的最大值和最小值的计算模型。通过Vissim仿真模拟,从排队长度、延误和停车次数方面分析了转向可变车道的应用效果。     

蒙新高速公路网索式避险车道的网索拦截系统组成及施工工艺探讨

以云南蒙新高速公路网索式避险车道为例，对传统砾石路床避险车道上设置的网索拦截系统的组成及工作原理加以介绍．并对这种新型安全设施的施工工艺进行总结，以便于该工艺的合理应用和推广。     

公交专用道停靠站车辆停靠特征分析

本文首先根据公交专用道停靠站的设置方式对停靠站进行了分类,然后对公交专用道车辆的停靠过程进行了微观分析,通过调查数据对车辆的到达间隔与停靠时间特征进行了分析.分析的结果表明:对于到达间隔的分布规律,公交专用道停靠站设置在交叉口上游或路段中央时,公交车辆的到达间隔服从指数分布,当停靠站设置在交叉口下游时,受到交叉口交通信号的影响,车辆的到达间隔不服从指数分布,认为车辆到站服从一般分布;对于停靠时间的分布规律,可以认为服从正态分布.本文研究的结论可以为进一步研究公交专用道停靠站通行能力提供依据.     

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自动货车车道（ATL）是一项缓解城际高速公路货车比例偏高问题的下一代物流技术. 本文提出了一种微观-中观混合交通仿真器,用于精确评估在大规模公路网上引入自动货车车道所引起的交通流变化,并设计集成框架以确保路径选择与微观-中观仿真器校核的一致性,使用扩展后的微观车辆跟驰模型和车道变换模型反映轿车与货车之间的相互作用. 通过3个仿真案例评价自动货车车道对交通流、货车比例、旅行时间及总旅行时间节省的影响. 最后,使用混合仿真器分析道路的安全性和交通事故对旅行时间的影响. 仿真结果表明：引入自动货车车道改变了New Tomei-Meishin高速公路及该路网中其它高速公路的交通量,缩短了旅行时间,提高了安全性. 应在大范围公路网络中分析自动货车车道系统,从而获得更精确的评价.     

Transit-oriented autonomous vehicle operation with integrated demand-supply interaction

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) represent potentially disruptive and innovative changes to public transportation (PT) systems. However, the exact interplay between AV and PT is understudied in existing research. This paper proposes a systematic approach to the design, simulation, and evaluation of integrated autonomous vehicle and public transportation (AV + PT) systems. Two features distinguish this research from the state of the art in the literature: the first is the transit-oriented AV operation with the purpose of supporting existing PT modes; the second is the explicit modeling of the interaction between demand and supply.We highlight the transit-orientation by identifying the synergistic opportunities between AV and PT, which makes AVs more acceptable to all the stakeholders and respects the social-purpose considerations such as maintaining service availability and ensuring equity. Specifically, AV is designed to serve first-mile connections to rail stations and provide efficient shared mobility in low-density suburban areas. The interaction between demand and supply is modeled using a set of system dynamics equations and solved as a fixed-point problem through an iterative simulation procedure. We develop an agent-based simulation platform of service and a discrete choice model of demand as two subproblems. Using a feedback loop between supply and demand, we capture the interaction between the decisions of the service operator and those of the travelers and model the choices of both parties. Considering uncertainties in demand prediction and stochasticity in simulation, we also evaluate the robustness of our fixed-point solution and demonstrate the convergence of the proposed method empirically.We test our approach in a major European city, simulating scenarios with various fleet sizes, vehicle capacities, fare schemes, and hailing strategies such as in-advance requests. Scenarios are evaluated from the perspectives of passengers, AV operators, PT operators, and urban mobility system. Results show the trade off between the level of service and the operational cost, providing insight for fleet sizing to reach the optimal balance. Our simulated experiments show that encouraging ride-sharing, allowing in-advance requests, and combining fare with transit help enable service integration and encourage sustainable travel. Both the transit-oriented AV operation and the demand-supply interaction are essential components for defining and assessing the roles of the AV technology in our future transportation systems, especially those with ample and robust transit networks.     

Auction-based highway reservation system an agent-based simulation study

Based on previous studies of a highway reservation system, this paper proposed an auction-based implementation, in which the users can bid for the right to use a route during a certain period of time. This paper models the auction system with MATSim using an agent-based simulation technique. The agents adopt their own bidding logic in the auction, and the price converges after around 130 iterations, when the number of users using the reserved highway and the total collected revenue become stable. When the overall demand changes, the collected revenue ranges from 5 to 11 dollars per user, and from 0.7 to 1.5 dollars per mile. The auction system can transfer more consumer surplus to the toll road operators, since it is a personalized tolling mechanism. The users are using the reservation system as insurance of a guaranteed congestion-free travel. The auction-based highway reservation shows great potential as a new traffic management system.     

基于ANFIS的可变导向车道智能控制系统

为缓解因交通流向分布不均衡导致的交叉口交通拥挤状况, 以交叉口进口道的可变导向车道为研究对象, 建立了基于自适应模糊神经推理系统的可变导向车道智能控制系统。智能控制系统由数据采集子系统、交通状态预测子系统和控制子系统构成, 共同完成可变导向车道的智能化控制。将数据采集子系统检测到的实时交通数据录入到预先训练好的交通状态预测子系统中, 可得到左转车辆和直行车辆的运行状态, 并根据控制子系统的结构化算法来确定可变导向车道的属性。计算结果表明: 交通状态预测子系统的测试误差为0.075 097, 满足精度要求, 可以用于交通状态预测; 采用可变导向车道智能控制系统能明显改善交叉口交通拥堵状况, 当左转车辆比例为25%时, 关键进口道综合延误减少了6.1%, 平均停车次数减少了9.5%, 平均排队长度减少了6.1%, 当左转车辆比例上升至30%时, 3个指标分别下降了8.1%、12.4%与8.0%, 表明左转比例越高, 作用效果越显著。     

烟台市快速公交系统规划设想及可行性分析

快速公交（Bus Rapid Transit,BRT）既具有轨道交通大运量、快捷的优点,又具有常规公交方便、灵活的特色,结合烟台市城市布局和交通发展状况,提出利用BRT技术构建烟台快速大运量公共交通系统落实公交优先的构想。利用SWOT法对烟台发展BRT系统进行分析,提出烟台BRT网络规划的初步方案和规划实施的建议。