A Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C‐ITS)‐based lane‐changing advisory for weaving sections

Weaving sections, a common design of motorways, require extensive lane‐change manoeuvres. Numerous studies have found that drivers tend to make their lane changes as soon as they enter the weaving section, as the traffic volume increases. Congestion builds up as a result of this high lane‐changing concentration. Importantly, such congestion also limits the use of existing infrastructure, the weaving section downstream. This behaviour thus affects both safety and operational aspects. The potential tool for managing motorways effectively and efficiently is cooperative intelligent transport systems (C‐ITS). This research investigates a lane‐change distribution advisory application based on C‐ITS for weaving vehicles in weaving sections. The objective of this research is to alleviate the lane‐changing concentration problem by coordinating weaving vehicles to ensure that such lane‐changing activities are evenly distributed over the existing weaving length. This is achieved by sending individual messages to drivers based on their location to advise them when to start their lane change. The research applied a microscopic simulation in aimsun to evaluate the proposed strategy's effectiveness in a one‐sided ramp weave. The proposed strategy was evaluated using different weaving advisory proportions, traffic demands and penetration rates. The evaluation revealed that the proposed lane‐changing advisory has the potential to significantly improve delay. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A network enhancement model with integrated lane reorganization and traffic control strategies

Lane reorganization strategies such as lane reversal, one‐way street, turning restriction, and cross elimination have demonstrated their effectiveness in enhancing transportation network capacity. However, how to select the most appropriate combination of those strategies in a network remains challenging to transportation professionals considering the complex interactions among those strategies and their impacts on conventional traffic control components. This article contributes to developing a mathematical model for a traffic equilibrium network, in which optimization of lane reorganization and traffic control strategies are integrated in a unified framework. The model features a bi‐level structure with the upper‐level model describing the decision of the transportation authorities for maximizing the network capacity. A variational inequality (VI) formulation of the user equilibrium (UE) behavior in choosing routes in response to various strategies is developed in the lower level. A genetic algorithm (GA) based heuristic is used to yield meta‐optimal solutions to the model. Results from extensive numerical analyses reveal the promising property of the proposed model in enhancing network capacity and reducing congestion. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

互通立交变速车道的探讨

变速车道是立交的重要组成部分,结合实际经验对变速车道及其中存在的一些问题进行分析讨论.     

Calculating the Lengths of Auxiliary Lane and its Channelization of Urban Expressway Exit Using Simulation

The rational lengths of auxiliary lane and its channelization of urban expressway exit play an important role in increasing the exit capacity and decrease the influence to expressway traffic flow from exit. The entrance-exit style exit of diamond interchange was surveyed, and traffic flow data was collected. VISSIM microcosmic simulation model was calibrated and validated using survey data, and the exit of diamond interchange simulation model was built. Using simulation, the authors analyzed the survey data and worked out the recommendation values of auxiliary lane and its channelization length of urban expressway exits.     

基于可变减速时间的通行能力理论模型研究

通过对驾驶员为保证行车安全的实际驾驶行为进行分析，提出了可变减速时间的概念，并以此构建了基于可变减速时间的单车道通行能力理论模型；标定了模型使用的参数，推荐了具有不同小客车自由流速度的道路上的理论通行能力值；并用实测数据对模型进行了验证，根据实测的速度-流量和速度-密度曲线图．认为该模型基本符合实际情况．     

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论文在综述国内外研究现状的基础上，对公路平交口右转专用车道的设置条件，设置方法进行了研究。通过对右转车辆转弯过程的微观解析，提出了信号交叉口及无信号交叉口偏置右转专用车道长度的计算方法，并通过分析无偏置条件下的非正常变道车辆对后续右转车流的影响，提出了无偏置右转车道的长度计算方法。     

马驹桥互通式立交桥道路安全状况分析

随着我国高速公路的发展，互通式立交桥的道路安全问题目益受到关注．文中以京津塘高速公路马驹桥互通式立交桥为研究对象，结合该区域道路、交通以及事故统计数据，从立交形式、匝道线形和加速车道设置三个方面来分析安全状况，针对立交形式的完善和加速车道长度的确定进行了较为深入的探讨，并提出相应的改进措施，进而提高立交桥的安全水平．     

国标《奥林匹克专用车道标志和标线》的研究与编制

国标《奥林匹克专用车道标志和标线》给出了奥林匹克专用车道标志和标线的一般规定,适用于2008年北京奥林匹克运动会期间奥林匹克专用车道上的标志和标线。该标准的编制对于保证奥运会期间的交通安全、准点、可靠、便利有重要的意义。     

城市道路交通与节能降耗

随着城市化、机动化进程加快,现代城市用地紧、住宅缺、交通堵、能源短缺、水电不足、环境质量下降的状况日趋严重。该文介绍了21世纪首届世界工程师大会上“交通能耗与废气排放”问题的提出,针对我国大城市小轿车进入家庭高潮的到来,交通矛盾加剧的情况,分析了优先发展公共交通的战略思想的必要性和重要性。文章重点对大城市交通节能降耗对策进行了研讨,对照道路交通设计进行了反思,最后提出几点建议与设想。     

简支梁桥主梁的活载剪力计算

该文考虑荷载横向分布系数沿跨度的变化,用解析法建立了简支梁桥主梁由车道荷载图式中的集中荷载产生的支点截面最大剪力实用计算公式,避免了通过试算求最大剪力时的麻烦,详细论述了各种情况下主梁支点截面最大剪力的计算方法。同时对车道荷载中的均布荷载产生的支点剪力,也导出了具体计算公式,以便实际应用。最后通过三个算例,详细说明了公式在各种情况下的应用。