右置掉头与右转共用车道通行能力研究

在中央分隔带宽度受限的情形下,掉头置于靠近中央分隔带的车道上,公交车等大型车辆的转弯半径过小,对交叉口的行车安全和交通效率均有不利影响.将掉头车道置于行车方向的最右侧与右转共用车道,可以有效解决此问题.文章通过借鉴通行能力手册HCM上直左、直右以及左右共用车道通行能力计算方法,在确定左转及掉头调整因子基础上,建立了交叉口掉头右置与右转共用车道的通行能力计算模型.研究结论可为掉头车道设计提供理论支撑.     

互通式立交减速车道及分流点的探讨

互通式立体交叉是高速公路的重要组成部分,而互通式立交减速车道和分流点又是互通式交线形设计的重要指标.因而,结合路线设计规范对互通式立交减速车道的设计方法和分流点控制指标进行探讨,并结合实践提出一点见解.     

互通式立交减速车道及分流点的探讨

互通式立体交叉是高速公路的重要组成部分,而互通式立交减速车道和分流点又是互通式交线形设计的重要指标.因而,结合路线设计规范对互通式立交减速车道的设计方法和分流点控制指标进行探讨,并结合实践提出一点见解.     

山西省高速公路准六车道设计探讨

调查了山西省高速公路路基横断面布置形式,通过通行能力分析、安全性评价,得出在横断面合理布置的情况下,可大幅度提高通行能力,减少公路用地,节约建设投资。     

A low-cost video-based pavement distress screening system for low-volume roads

This study investigates the use of consumer-grade video camera to develop a low-cost pavement distress screening system, with a particular focus on low-volume roads. Due to the oblique view of video data captured in the car front, existing crack detection algorithms that are tailor-made for nadir view cannot be used directly. Instead, we propose and develop a Video-based PAvement Distress Screening (VPADS) system, which includes an automatic data processing workflow by first defining a Region of Interest (RoI) through robust line fitting of the two side lanes. The pavement condition can be assessed within the RoI by implementing a multi-scale ridge detection filter followed by a boundary contour analysis. Since the proposed VPADS system is designed for preliminary screening purpose, each video image scene is examined if there exists any potential crack or distress feature(s). We tested the proposed system on video data collected for two low-volume roads (Highway 624 and 668) in Northern Ontario region, Canada. The overall accuracy of detecting crack and distress features yielded 80%. Instead of replacing traditional field inspection or high-end multi-sensor pavement evaluation system, the proposed VPADS system aims to provide a computer-aided screening solution for transportation authorities of a vast rural road/highway network and with limited inspection budget. The scope of the work can be further expanded by developing a crowdsensing inspection network built by any regular road user, who can also act as a data provider for the regional/municipal pavement distress screening system.     

城市道路中人行道采取人非共板的探讨

针对城市道路中人行道采取人非共板所存在的问题,提出了运用范围和从规划到管理的配套措施。同时,为既能更好地解决行车拥堵,又确保人身安全,该文还提出了将道路横向板块按速度分道,其中把中速道作为辅道供公交车、非机动车和各单位道口车辆出入行驶的办法,人行道为慢速道,保持原功能不变。     

基于变向车道的平面交叉路口信号控制方法研究

对于多相位控制的平面交叉路口,为了降低路口的延误,提高路口的通行能力,可以通过设置变向车道,实施交叉路口的平面复合交通,来提高车道的利用率。为此,必须对该路口的信号控制方法进行相应的改进与调整：一是路口停止线的设置;二是路口信号灯的设置。     

避险车道设置的必要性研究

避险车道设置的必要性一直是国内外学界关注的重点,但是目前却没有成型的理论推出。引进了加拿大和约旦科学家的理论,并且做了相应的改进,提出了新的三个列表:刹车毂温度列表,车速列表,建设条件列表。在三个列表的基础上,加入了权函数的概念。在权函数的设置中,我们充分考虑了三个因素的权重,从而得到了更精确的评价设置必要性。最后,我们在青海湖附近的一个长下坡路段应用了这一理论,得到了比较满意的结果。     

城市交叉口进口、出口车道数的平衡性探讨

本文尝试通过交叉口进口、出口车道数平衡性的分析来评价交叉口。给出了交叉口进口道、出口道车道数平衡性的量化评价指标。以典型的拓宽式多相位信号控制交叉口为例,通过实地勘测,计算每相位下的进口、出口断面的通行能力,根据计算结果评价分析交叉口进口、出口车道数的时间和空间上的平衡性。     

Characterization and comparison of traffic flow on reversible roadways

Reversible traffic operations have become an increasingly popular strategy for mitigating traffic congestion associated with the directionally unbalanced traffic flows that are a routine part of peak commute periods, planned special events, and emergency evacuations. It is interesting that despite its widespread and long‐term use, relatively little is known about the operational characteristics of this form of operation. For example, the capacity of a reversed lane has been estimated by some to be equal to that of a normal lane while others have theorized it to be half of this value. Without accurate estimates of reversible lane performance it is not possible to confidently gauge the benefits of reversible roadways or model them using traffic simulation. This paper presents the results of a study to measure and evaluate the speed and flow characteristics of reverse‐flow traffic streams by comparing them under various operating conditions and locations. It was found that, contrary to some opinions, the flow characteristics of reverse‐flowing lanes were generally similar to normally flowing lanes under a variety of traffic volume, time‐of‐day, location, and type‐of‐use conditions. The study also revealed that drivers will readily use reversible lanes without diminished operating speeds, particularly as volumes increase. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.