航运企业的最优资本结构及其确定

随着我国市场经济体制的建立与投、融资体制的改革，企业已成为投、融资的主体，其资本结构问题相应地成为了企业财务管理中的核心问题之一。本文从航运业的固有特性出发，论述了航运企业的资本结构及其与企业收益之间的关系，在这一基础上，提出了航运企业的最优资本结构及其确定方法，并对影响航运企业资本结构的因素进行了分析。     

1997年后香港与内地航运发展的相关分析

随着１９９７年的香港回归，香港与中国内地间的航线变成了一条国内航线。然而，在“一国两制”的国策下，这一特别的航运市场将发生怎样的变化？本文针对这一问题，通过对香港与内地间水上运输的影响因素的分析，并采用计量经济学模型，对１９９７—２０００年两地间的航运量变化进行了相关分析及预测，并对海峡两岸直航等因素对香港内地间的航运冲击进行了定量研究。     

中国-东盟交通合作战略航运规划初探

文章从广西航运发展现状和广西与东盟目前航运合作交流概况出发,分析当前中国东盟航运合作存在的问题,提出中国东盟交通合作战略近期航运规划的建议.     

Estimating the environmental costs of port related emissions: The case of Kaohsiung

This study estimates the emission costs of ships and trucks in the Port of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, focusing mainly on particular matter and volatile organic compounds. By calculating annual ship and truck emissions we find that the major contributors are tankers, container ships and bulk ships and trucks. Using a bottom-up methodology, the combined environmental costs of ships and trucks are estimated to be over $123 million per year.     

铁路行包装运方案编制方法的研究

根据铁路行包办理站行李车日装车计划编制流程,结合中国铁路行包运输实际情况,以车次准装区段限制、行包办理站办理限制、行包作业接续时间标准等为约束条件,给出基于行包发站和到站坐标位置网格图的行包运输径路快速算法,按照先行包直达、后1次中转和2次中转的行包装运方案编制思想,给出了多层据篮式分缀筛选的铁路行包办理站装运方案编制方法.运用结果验证了方法的有效性和实用性,能够提高铁路行包运输组织的水平和运输管理质量,并且实现了铁路行包运输装运方案和日装车计划的计算机编制.     

广西航运人才培养存在的问题及解决措施

文章针对当今国际、国内航运市场的人才需求情况,介绍了广西航运人才的现状及培养状况,分析了当前广西航运人才培养过程中存在的问题,并提出了加快广西航运人才培养的措施和途径。     

Three-dimensional numerical analysis of shipping water onto a moving ship using a particle method

The objective of this study was to develop a numerical analysis method based on the moving particle semi-implicit method for simulating shipping water on a moving ship. Towing tests of a very large crude carrier were numerically analyzed for three typical wavelengths. The ship was forced to move in order to express previously measured ship oscillations, and the calculated fluid behavior and the impact pressure on the deck were compared with the experimental results.     

Examining the theoretical–empirical inconsistency on stationarity of shipping freight rate

As market price, shipping freight rates should in theory be stationary, but most empirical tests have found them to be non-stationary. To examine the causes of this theoretical–empirical inconsistency, we investigate the sensitivities of the stationarity of shipping freight rates from two perspectives: sample length and sample window. Longer samples are found not sufficient to make them stationary. Instead, sample windows separated by structural breaks are tested as stationary. Moreover, freight rates are found to have entered into a new phase since the 2008 financial crisis. This study contributes to the literature on the stationarity of shipping freight rates by providing an explanation for the theoretical–empirical inconsistency.     

基于HYSYS的LNG运输船冷能利用方案设计与模拟优化

针对LNG运输船锅炉在燃烧低温液态LNG和BOG的同时会释放大量未利用冷能的问题,提出LNG运输船冷能综合利用方案。采用Aspen HYSYS软件,对LNG运输船的冷能利用系统进行模拟设计,包含纵向两级朗肯循环发电、海水淡化、船舶冷库和船舶空调的冷能梯级利用系统。对NG-2点的温度、朗肯循环部分的冷凝压力和蒸发压力等主要参数进行优化,确定最优参数设置。研究成果为船舶冷能的利用提供了理论指导和技术支持,有利于船舶节能减排,实现绿色航运。     

Sulphur abatement globally in maritime shipping

In 2016, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) decided on global regulations to reduce sulphur emissions to air from maritime shipping starting 2020. The regulation implies that ships can continue to use residual fuels with a high sulphur content, such as heavy fuel oil (HFO), if they employ scrubbers to desulphurise the exhaust gases. Alternatively, they can use fuels with less than 0.5% sulphur, such as desulphurised HFO, distillates (diesel) or liquefied natural gas (LNG). The options of lighter fuels and desulphurisation entail costs, including higher energy consumption at refineries, and the present study identifies and compares compliance options as a function of ship type and operational patterns.The results indicate distillates as an attractive option for smaller vessels, while scrubbers will be an attractive option for larger vessels. For all vessels, apart from the largest fuel consumers, residual fuels desulphurised to less than 0.5% sulphur are also a competing abatement option. Moreover, we analyse the interaction between global SO_X reductions and CO₂ (and fuel consumption), and the results indicate that the higher fuel cost for distillates will motivate shippers to lower speeds, which will offset the increased CO₂ emissions at the refineries. Scrubbers, in contrast, will raise speeds and CO₂ emissions.