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31.
为确保桥梁水域桥墩安全与船舶通航安全,通过对长江水域船舶通航环境与水域安全现状以及船撞桥事故统计分析,提出开展桥墩主动防船撞系统研究的必要性。利用船舶操纵理论与船间水动力干扰相关理论,建立了船间临界失控水动力干扰模型,并据此建立了桥墩主动防船撞系统,将桥墩由被动结构防船撞转变为非结构主动防船撞,并在此基础上开发出了桥墩主动防船撞系统原型。创新之处在于,首次利用船舶操纵理论与船间水动力干扰相关理论,建立了船间临界失控水动力干扰模型,首次将桥墩的被动防撞转变为桥墩主动防撞,并开发出桥墩主动防船撞系统原型。 相似文献
32.
赵晶 《青岛远洋船员学院学报》2010,31(3):49-51
通过对《船舶避碰与值班》在教学与学生实习过程中存在问题的分析与探讨,提出对该课程教学改革的相关建议。 相似文献
33.
A conceptual design framework for collision and grounding analysis is proposed to evaluate the crashworthiness of double-hull structures. This work attempts to simplify the input parameters needed for the analysis, which can be considered as a step towards a design-oriented procedure against collision and grounding. Four typical collision and grounding scenarios are considered: (1) side structure struck by a bulbous bow, (2) side structure struck by a straight bow, (3) bottom raking, (4) bottom stranding. The analyses of these scenarios are based on statistical data of striking ship dimensions, velocities, collision angles and locations, as well as seabed shapes and sizes, grounding depth and location. The evaluation of the damage extent considers the 50- and 90-percentile values from the statistics of collision and grounding accidents. The external dynamics and internal mechanics are combined to analyse systematically the ship structural damage and energy absorption under accidental loadings. 相似文献
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Adithya Arikere Derong Yang Matthijs Klomp Mathias Lidberg 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2018,56(10):1577-1603
Development and deployment of steering based collision avoidance systems are made difficult due to the complexity of dealing with oncoming vehicles during the evasive manoeuvre. A method to mitigate the collision risk with oncoming vehicles during such manoeuvres is presented in this work. A point mass analysis of such a scenario is first done to determine the importance of speed for mitigating the collision risk with the oncoming vehicle. A characteristic parameter was identified, which correlates well with the need to increase or decrease speed, in order to reduce the collision risk. This finding was then verified in experiments using a Volvo XC90 test vehicle. A closed-loop longitudinal acceleration controller for collision mitigation with oncoming vehicles is then presented. The longitudinal control is combined with yaw stability control using control allocation to form an integrated controller. Simulations in CarMaker using a validated XC90 vehicle model and the proposed controller showed consistent reductions in the collision risk with the oncoming vehicle. 相似文献
36.
The LAX North Airfield Safety Study was undertaken by an Academic Panel consisting of the present authors, and was based in large part on a simulation that was conducted at FutureFlight Central at NASA Ames Research Center. The primary aim of the study was “to estimate as specifically as possible the level of future safety associated with several geometrical configurations of the LAX North Airfield.” This paper describes the study, and how it combined information from human-in-the-loop simulations at NASA with historical data from LAX and other US airports about runway incursions and collisions. The analysis indicated that, even under its existing physical layout, LAX North would experience very low risk of runway collisions at traffic levels projected for 2020. That risk could be reduced by about half if the North Airfield runways were reconfigured, and some reconfigurations would also add appreciably to the operational efficiency of the airport. But because the “baseline” level of risk is so low, the Study concluded that “it would be difficult to construct a compelling case on safety grounds alone for reconfiguring the North Airfield.” 相似文献
37.
Vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems allow vehicles to share state information with one another to improve safety and efficiency of transportation networks. One of the key applications of such a system is in the prediction and avoidance of collisions between vehicles. If a method to do this is to succeed it must be robust to measurement uncertainty and to loss of communication links. The method should also be general enough that it does not rely on constraints on vehicle motion for the accuracy of its predictions. It should work for all interactions between vehicles and not just a select subset. This paper presents a method to calculate Time to Collision for unconstrained vehicle motion. This metric is gated using a novel technique based on relative vehicle motion that we call “looming”. Finally, these ideas are integrated into a probabilistic framework that accounts for uncertainty in vehicle state and loss of vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Together this work represents a new way of considering vehicle collision estimation. These algorithms are validated on data collected from real world vehicle trials. 相似文献
38.
汽车的操纵稳定性是衡量汽车安全性最基本的指标之一,影响汽车行驶稳定性的基本因素主要有横摆角速度与质心侧偏角,将汽车简化为二自由度模型,建立关于横摆角速度与质心侧偏角的转向微分方程.基于MATLAB/Simulink软件建立仿真模型,对前轮转向与四轮转向典型的二自由度汽车模型进行仿真分析.对比两轮转向和四轮转向的稳定性.... 相似文献
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The control of automated container terminals is complex since Quay Cranes (QCs), Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Automated Stacking Cranes (ASCs) interact intensively for transporting containers, while collision avoidance of equipment must be ensured. This paper proposes a methodology to generate collision-free trajectories of free-ranging AGVs in automated container terminals, while minimizing the makespan of the whole container handling system. A hierarchical control architecture is proposed to integrate the scheduling of interacting machines and trajectory planning of AGVs. Following a so-called overall graph sequence by a scheduler, the collision-free trajectories of AGVs are determined by solving a collection of mixed integer linear programming problems sequentially. Simulation results illustrate the potential of the proposed methodology. 相似文献