桥面板防倾覆模拟分析及预警系统设计

针对单柱支撑桥面板这一结构,进行变宽度、多跨度桥面板的偏载倾覆专题模拟计算,分别得到相应条件下的桥面板倾覆临界值,将临界值输入内置变送器、单片机和报警器组成的预警系统,从而可有效防止因偏载造成的桥面板倾覆事故的发生,为桥梁工程防灾减灾提供了一种方法和思路.     

Euro-NCAP更新对乘用车安全评价的影响

为使我国乘用车满足2013版Euro-NCAP要求,分析了2013年实施的新版Euro-NCAP评价规则,并总结了更新点,同时介绍了2014-2017年Euro-NCAP的更新规划内容及其关注点.基于评价规则的更新内容,采用对比分析的方法,将已进行过2012版E-NCAP试验的车辆作为研究对象,通过DYNA及MADYMO软件仿真分析,获得了该车在2013版E-NCAP评价规则中的表现,基于该车的评价结果,探讨新版评价规则对未来汽车安全开发的星级评价影响,为新车安全性能开发提供参考.     

正面碰撞中假人膝盖滑移量的伤害机理

碰撞试验中,膝盖滑移量是影响大腿得分的重要因素.通过假人膝盖结构原理分析和仿真手段研究膝盖滑移量的伤害机理和影响因素,仿真分析结果表明,膝盖滑移量的主要影响因素是仪表板造型,地毯角度和高度对膝盖滑移量也有一定影响.文章采用降低腿的高度和优化搁脚垫泡沫结构的方法,并进行实车验证.为避免后期整改造成的资源浪费,提出在内饰造型设计阶段,对仪表板造型进行校核和控制,彻底避免由膝盖滑移量偏大引起大腿得分降低的现象.     

液压混合动力公交车制动性能仿真与试验分析

针对城市公交车运行特点和在城市运行工况下燃油经济性差的问题,提出一种新型液压混合动力系统,并建立制动回收过程动力学模型、能量再生过程动力学模型和柴油机液压起动模型等,对其制动性能进行仿真,最后进行了样机台架、实车道路试验。试验结果表明,该液压混合动力公交车可实现汽车制动能量回收等功能,在典型城市循环工况下制动能量回收率为69.7%,制动能量再生率为32.8%,液压起动发动机时间为1.7 s。     

汽车控制器的热设计研究

建立了某混合动力汽车控制器的热设计仿真分析模型,并通过温度测量试验验证了该模型的有效性。基于所建立的热设计模型,分析研究了控制器PCB板不同结构对其最大温升的影响程度。根据分析结果,推荐混合动力汽车控制器的PCB板应做成板厚为1.6 mm的4层板,覆铜面积和1oz的覆铜厚度应大于50%。     

摩擦生热的仿真分析

利用摩擦热产生塑形变形进行深孔无屑加工,不仅节省材料,而且可以获得高性能的工件。摩擦热深孔成形的热力分析是该工艺技术的一个关键问题。利用LS-DYNA动力有限元分析软件建立圆柱钻头和球形钻头的滑动摩擦副热结构耦合模型,分别计算了模型的温度场以及热应力场。摩擦过程中,最高温度在接触面外侧,温度从外侧向中心逐渐降低,球形钻头由于受力集中,更符合后期钣金深孔冲压成形要求。通过摩擦生热达到一定温度,为进一步研究摩擦热加工深孔工艺奠定了基础。     

某车型正面碰撞结构优化

针对某车型在正面碰撞试验中出现踏板和转向管柱侵入量超标的问题,对其产生原因进行分析。运用Hypermesh及LS-DYNA软件进行整车碰撞仿真分析,提出拉平纵梁、在前围板与A柱间以及在前地板增加连接件和加强件的结构优化方案。优化后纵梁的变形模式及前围侵入量均得到改善,前围最大侵入量由原来的343 mm减小到219 mm。表明优化纵梁结构、提高乘员舱总体强度的方案合理,该设计理念和方法可为其他车型的结构设计提供参考。     

Long-term correlation structure of wave loads using simulation

This paper proposes a new method for combining the lifetime wave-induced sectional forces and moments that are acting on the ship structure. The method is based on load simulation and can be used to determine the exceedance probabilities of any linear and nonlinear long-term load combination. It can also be used to determine the long-term correlation structure between these loads in the form of the long-term correlation coefficients. They are essential part of the load combination procedures in design and strength evaluations as well as in the fatigue and reliability analysis of ship structures.The simulation method treats the non-stationary wave elevations during the ship’s entire life (long-term) as a sequence of different stationary Gaussian stochastic processes. It uses the rejection sampling technique for the sea state generation, depending on the ship’s current position and the season. Ship’s operational profile is then determined conditional on the current sea state and the ship’s position along its route. The sampling technique significantly reduces the number of sea state-operational profile combinations required for achieving the convergence of the long-term statistical properties of the loads. This technique can even be used in combination with the existing long-term methods in order to reduce the number of required weightings of the short-term CDFs. The simulation method does, however, rely on the assumption that the ship is a linear system, but no assumptions are needed regarding the short-term CDF of the load peaks.The load time series are simulated from the load spectra in each sea state, taking into account the effects of loading condition, heading, speed, seasonality, voluntary as well as involuntary speed reduction in severe sea states and the short-crested nature of the ocean waves. During the simulation procedure, special care has been given to maintaining the correct phase relation between all the loads. Therefore, time series of various load combinations, including the nonlinear ones, can be obtained and their correlation structure examined. The simulation time can be significantly reduced (to the order of minutes rather than hours and days) by introducing the seasonal variations of the ocean waves into a single voyage simulation. The estimate of the long-term correlation coefficient, obtained by simulating only a single voyage with the correct representation of seasonality, approaches the true correlation coefficient in probability. This method can be applied to any ship and any route, or multiple routes as long as the percentage of the ship’s total lifetime spent in each of them is known.A study has been conducted to investigate the effects of ship type, route and the longitudinal position of the loads on the values of the correlation coefficients between six different sectional loads; vertical, horizontal and twisting moments, as well as shear, horizontal and axial forces. Three ocean-going ship types have been considered; bulk carrier, containership and tanker, all navigating on one of the three busy ship routes; North America-Europe, Asia-North America and Asia-Europe. Finally, the correlation coefficient estimates have been calculated for five different positions along the ship’s length to investigate the longitudinal variation of the correlation coefficient.     

Modeling and analysis of panel hull block assembly system through timed colored Petri net

To implement efficient production control, this paper provides a timed colored Petri net (timed CPN) approach to performance modeling, real-timed dispatching and simulation of Panel hull block assembly system (PHBAS). The definition of Petri net is extended to accord with the real-world PHBAS’s organization, and the modeling method for hull flow production is provided in order to simplify modeling program. Using modeling and analyzing method, the dynamic characteristics of the system can be emulated and quantitatively calculated and work control tactics can be optimized. For the double bottom hull block shipbuilding system in a recently built shipyard in China, the simulation model with timed CPN was described and the system parameters and optimal task sequence which has the minimum operation time were obtained for a scheduling case.     

大水位差架空直立式码头连续排架结构的水流作用研究

以重庆港寸滩码头三期工程的为依托,基于大涡模拟理论,应用有限元软件Fluent模拟高雷诺数条件下的三维流场,得出超临界状态下串联桩上的水流速度和压强,探讨码头结构各排架桩上的阻力系数、水流压强衰减、消能等相关规律,为三峡库区大水位差架空直立式码头在结构设计时考虑水流力的影响提供参考.