一种特殊工况下动车组滑行问题分析和对策研究

通过对运营列车停车情况的分析,从停车原因、速度变化过程、轮轴之间速度差异等几个方面,深入论述了滑行现象产生及速度采集不均衡对行车控制的影响,提出车辆防滑控制、速度均衡优化的应对策略,为有效解决此类问题提供重要参考.     

The effects of emission control area regulations on cruise shipping

To control SOx, NOx and particulate matter emission from ships, including cruise ships, emission control areas (ECAs) have been defined by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), which influences cruise planning. This paper investigates a mixed integer programming model to reschedule voyage plans by optimizing speeds, sailing patterns and ports-of-call sequences, hence reducing fuel costs. A tabu search based solution method is developed to solve the model. Computational tests on real-world data of cruise lines are conducted in order to explore the effects of ECA regulations on cruise shipping. The results show that the proposed model can save fuel costs under ECA regulations, and the designed solution method is efficient.     

基于轨间电缆的城市轨道列车速度控制系统

分析了基于轨间电缆的城市轨道列车速度控制系统结构及设计要求，通过对系统的基本原理的论述，提出了一种较为适合我国城市轨道交通发展的速度控制方式。     

船艇波浪中自航试验研究

对一艘船艇作了波浪中自航试验研究，得到了规则波中自航因子变化曲线，用直接功率法作了失速预报，并用谱分析法预报了该艇的纵摇、升沉及螺旋桨出水概率。本文的重要结论：船艇在波浪中的自航因子在简化处理时，可以认为相当于静水中的自航因子。     

苏锡常及上海地区区域沉降对京沪高速铁路的影响及防治对策

研究目的:苏锡常地区及上海地区区域沉降和地基土特别是深厚软土、松软土区轨下基础工后沉降问题,是影响《时速300～350 km客运专线铁路设计暂行规定》高标准工后沉降量控制的主要问题。本文就京沪高速铁路苏锡常及上海地区区域地面沉降的机理及其影响进行研究和分析,并提出相关对策。研究结果:通过对苏锡常及上海地区区域地面沉降的机理及其影响的研究和分析,提出通过合理控制地下水的开采,建立地面沉降监测网络,针对区域沉降对不同的工程类型的影响,优化施工设计采用不同的工程措施综合处理等对策,以满足高标准工后沉降量的控制,达到京沪高速铁路安全、舒适、平稳性的高标准要求。     

既有线提速200 km·h-1的线路区间通过能力分析

在既有线旅客列车最高运行速度提高到200 km.h-1,货物列车最高运行速度提高到100,120 km.h-1条件下,逐一分析追踪列车间隔时间、列车连发比例、列车区间运行时分之差、维修天窗时间等因素对线路通过能力的影响。由分析可知,追踪列车间隔时间货物列车可压缩为7,6 min,旅客列车可压缩为6,5 min;旅客列车比例提高,有利于组织列车群发;客货列车速差变小,有利于列车区间运行时分之差减小。均对提高线路区间通过能力产生有利的影响。但综合维修天窗时间延长,对线路区间通过能力产生负面影响。在此基础上设定基础方案、过渡方案和目标方案,运用直接计算法计算各方案的线路通过能力值,构建两个综合比较方案。通过综合分析,若天窗预留时间延长至180 min,线路区间通过能力可提高约20%。若天窗预留时间延长至240 min,线路区间通过能力可提高约13%。为使线路通过能力保持不变或改善,提出应加快货车提速改造、减少并尽量统一列车标尺,以及研究优化相关作业组织和车底运用方式的建议。     

基于云计算的卡尔曼滤波速度诱导模型研究

利用自适应卡尔曼滤波器来建立城市快速路瞬时交通预测模型,同时通过Hadoop基础框架及Ma—pReduce的编程模型设计和开发了交通属性指标最小约简云处理系统,并在此基础上对车辆进行速度诱导控制,建立了以车辆总行程时间为目标函数的诱导优化模型。并以上海南北高架南段东线为例建立了仿真场景,对模型进行了参数标定与校验,通过有效性与性能分析表明：用云计算能够提高运算效率,且速度诱导控制后,降低了路段上交通流的整体速度差异,提高了交通安全性。     

专道公交车经济驾驶的车速引导机制与计算

通过车路协同系统,减少车辆行驶过程中加速、减速怠速工况次数是实现经济驾驶的一种新方法。结合油耗理论、驾驶行为和车速引导等知识体系,设计出一套不同于传统车速引导的公交车经济驾驶车速引导机制与计算方法。机制与算法在后续研究中,通过VISSIM仿真与驾驶模拟器平台实验和实际实地实验验证了其合理性,结果显示实现经济驾驶的效果良好。     

Intelligent speed adaptation: Preliminary results of on-road study in Penang,Malaysia

The first field experiment with intelligent speed adaptation (ISA) in Malaysia was held in December 2010 in the State of Penang. Eleven private cars were instrumented with an advisory system. The system used in the present study included a vocal warning message and a visual text message that is activated when the driver attempts to exceed the speed limit. When the driver decreases the speed, the warning stops; otherwise it is continuously repeated. The test drivers drove the vehicles for three months with the installed system, and the speed was continuously logged in all vehicles. The warning was however only activated in the second month of the three month period. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of an advisory ISA on driving speed, traffic safety, and drivers' attitude, behavior, and acceptance of the system. To examine these effects, both the survey and the logged speed data were analyzed and explored. The results show a significant reduction in the mean, maximum and 85th percentile speed due to the use of the system. However, there was no long-lasting effect on the speed when the system was deactivated. In the post-trial survey, drivers declared that the system helped them well in following the speed limits and that it assisted them in driving more comfortably. Furthermore, the warning method was more accepted compared to a supportive system, such as active accelerator pedal (AAP). After the trial, most drivers were willing to keep an ISA system.     

对于商用车加速噪声试验新方法中发动机转速的处理意见

通过对商用车加速行驶车外噪声验证试验结果的分析发现,欧洲经济委员会颁布的ECE R51/03系列汽车加速行驶车外噪声法规缺少对于试验过程中商用车发动机转速特性的全面考虑。为此,结合GB 1495—2002中对类似情况的处理方式,以及ECE R51/03系列法规的制订宗旨,提出了针对发动机转速对应条款修订意见,并对条款修订前、后的试验数据进行了对比。