公路限速标志设置的位置研究

公路限速标志是现代交通管理中最普遍的控制车速的方式,也是保障道路交通安全的基础设施。文章介绍了限速标志设置的基本要求,分析了我国限速标志设置存在的问题,并从限速标志设置的地点、路段、位置点、距离和限速值等方面论证限速标志设置的位置,为科学设置公路限速标志提供参考。     

智能型综合交通运输体系的基本框架

论文提出了我国现代化综合运输体系建设的长期目标是:以市场经济为导向.以可持续发展 为前提,建立客运快速化、货运物流化的智能型综合交通运输体系,并提出了智能型综合交通运翰体 系建立的内涵和基础.首先是我国交通运输系统面临着边际客运出行递增,边际货运出行递减的局 面3其次是信息化社会的发展要求交通运输必须形成智能型综合交通体系;第三是现代技术给人们 带来的现代设施和装备,要求人们必须采用智能化的管理手段才能充分发挥其自身的潜能,提高工 作效率.此外,论文阐述了综合交通运物体系必然是我国交通运输发展的模式     

单燃料LPG电喷发动机的排放试验研究

通过优化发动机压缩比,调整点火提前角,改善了LPG电喷发动机的燃烧过程。实验结果表明,电控喷射LPG燃气发动机外特性功率、转矩的最大下降较原汽油机分别小于3.0％、3.2％;在常用部分负荷工况,发动机CO排放小于1％、HC排放小于150×10-6,NOx排放也得到较大幅度改善。     

多工况机械的复合调速系统

以高位垃圾车后部进料机构为例,阐述了一种复合调速系统,此系统与多工况机械之间具有良好的匹配性和自动跟随性,机械在多种工况变化过程中可以自动实现"要快即快、要慢即慢"的作业效果.该系统体积小、集成度高、可靠性好,通过速度可变量调节,实现宽调速范围特性,系统拓展应用性好,为专用汽车多工况机械装置的设计提供了一种调速控制方法...     

呼和浩特市客运出租汽车数量预测模型研究

一个城市的客运出租市场是否需要投放出租汽车和投放数量的多少,不仅影响服务质量,也影响每位出租汽车经营者的自身利益,从而影响整个．出租汽车行业的稳定与健康发展。本文对出租汽车影响较大的因素进行了统计和相关性分析,确定了自变量,采用回归模型和曲线拟合的方法建立了未来年份的出租汽车数量预测模型,预测结果和往年历史数据对比表明,时间变量的一元线性模型和实际值较接近;幂函数曲线的预测值增加较快,就呼和浩特市的具体情况,幂函数曲线的预测效果较好。本文给出了适合呼和浩特市区的出租汽车发展趋势和合理的数量预测。     

车载取力自发电技术研究与应用

野外或无电力供应的情况下,车载取力自发电可以充分解决装备电源保障问题.对国内车载取力自发电的关键技术形式、技术成熟度、应用的可行性和前景进行了阐述;调速系统和通信形式进行了创新、改进,系统的燃油经济性较好,可以根据具体结构和使用需要选择取力形式和发电形式,系统具有可靠的互锁和安全保护措施,发电噪声进行了有效控制.多种类...     

Light duty gasoline vehicle emission factors at high transient and constant speeds for short road segments

Vehicle emissions estimates are needed at high spatial and temporal resolution to estimate near-roadway air quality and human exposures. The MOBILE6 emission factor model is based on transient test cycles of less than 65 mph. Correction factors for high speed and constant speed are developed based on vehicle-specific power-based modal models for light duty gasoline vehicles, using data from portable emission measurement systems. At 80 mph versus 65 mph, the estimated average emission rates are greater by 30%, 20%, 80%, and 10% for NO_x, HC, CO, and CO₂. The ratio of constant to average of transient speed emission rates range from 0.49 to 0.94 for NO_x at speeds of 20 mph and 80 mph. The high speed and constant speed correction factors are applied to estimate vehicle emissions for a freeway segment that includes vehicle cruising speeds between 65 and 80 mph. The potential error for not accounting for constant speed operation on a short segment of highway could be 49% at moderate speed and 24% at high speed.     

A copula-based approach to accommodate the dependence among microscopic traffic variables

Developing microscopic traffic simulation models requires the knowledge of probability distributions of microscopic traffic variables. Although previous studies have proposed extensive mathematical distributions for describing traffic variables (e.g., speed, headway, vehicle length, etc.), these studies usually consider microscopic traffic observations to be independent variables and distributions for these variables are investigated separately. As a result, some traditional approaches consider microscopic traffic variables as independent inputs to the traffic simulation process and these methods may ignore the possible dependence among different traffic variables.The objectives of this paper are to investigate the dependence structure among microscopic traffic variables and to examine the applicability of the copula approach to the joint modeling of these variables. Copulas are functions that relate multivariate distribution functions of random variables to their one-dimensional marginal distribution functions. The concept of copulas has been well recognized in the statistics field and recently has been introduced in transportation studies. The proposed copula approach is applied to the 24-h traffic data collected on IH-35 in Austin, Texas. The preliminary data analysis indicates that there exists dependence among microscopic traffic variables. Moreover, the modeling and simulation results suggest that copula models can adequately accommodate and accurately reproduce the dependence structure revealed by the traffic observations. Overall, the findings in this paper provide a framework for generating multiple microscopic traffic variables simultaneously by considering their dependence.     

采用小波分析进行电喷汽油机失火诊断的研究

采取小波变换的方法对电喷汽油机的瞬时转速波动信号进行分解去噪处理。采用小波变换的Mallat快速算法,并从分解后的信号中提取特征值,用于诊断汽油机的失火故障。通过台架验证试验表明:文中采取的方法可以有效去除高速时的干扰信号,能满足失火诊断的要求。     

Effect of speed limits in degradable transport networks

This paper studies how link-specific speed limits influence the performance of degradable transport networks, in which the capacity of each link is a degradable random variable. The distribution and cumulative distribution of link travel time have been presented with the effect of speed limits taken into account. The mean and variance of link and route travel time are formulated. Three link states have been classified, and their physical meanings have been discussed. The relationship between critical capacity, travel time and speed limit has been elaborated. We have proposed a Speed Limit- and Reliability-based User Equilibrium (SLRUE), adopting travel time budget as the principle of travelers’ route choice. A heuristic method employing the method of successive averages is developed to solve the SLRUE in degradable networks. Through numerical studies, we find that for some networks both the mean and standard deviation of the total travel time could be reduced simultaneously by imposing some speed limits. The speed limit design problem has been studied, and it is found that imposing speed limits cannot always reduce the total travel time budget of a network.